Avaliação clínica e instrumental da função mastigatória em indivíduos com fissura de lábio e/ou palato
Data
2024-12-16
Autores
Constantino, Esther 
Orientadores
Bommarito, Silvana
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: As fissuras de lábio e/ou palato são anomalias craniofaciais que impactam nas funções orofaciais, como mastigação e fala, devido às alterações estruturais do sistema estomatognático. A mastigação, essencial para o processo digestório, pode ser prejudicada nesses indivíduos, afetando a sua qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Avaliar a função mastigatória de indivíduos com fissura de lábio e palato unilateral ou bilateral e fissura de palato completa operadas e comparar os dados da avaliação clínica com a instrumental. Além disso, objetivou-se comparar os dados obtidos da avaliação entre os tipos de fissura. Métodos: Estudo envolvendo 16 participantes: 08 no grupo experimental (com fissuras de lábio e/ou palato) e 08 no grupo controle (sem fissura). Foram realizadas anamneses, avaliações clínicas (mobilidade e tônus dos lábios, língua e bochechas e função da mastigação) e instrumentais (força máxima de mordida e pressão de lábios e língua). Os dados receberam tratamento estatístico para identificar diferenças significativas entre os grupos controle e experimental e entre os tipos de fissura. Resultados: O grupo experimental apresentou mobilidade reduzida de lábios e língua, bem como menor força de mordida e pressão de língua, comparado ao controle. O padrão mastigatório bilateral alternado prevaleceu em ambos os grupos, mas o tempo de mastigação foi maior no grupo controle (15,36 segundos) do que no experimental (12,60 segundos). Alterações como contração de músculos não esperados foram observadas em 100% dos participantes com fissura. Conclusão: A função da mastigação em indivíduos com fissura de lábio e palato uni ou bilateral e fissura de palato completa operadas e isoladas apresentou maior prejuízo comparada ao grupo controle quanto a função mastigatória, havendo correspondência direta com a avaliação instrumental, que apresentou menor força de mordida e menor pressão de lábios, dorso e ponta de língua.
Introduction: Cleft lip and/or palate are craniofacial anomalies that impact orofacial functions, such as chewing and speech, due to structural alterations of the stomatognathic system. Chewing, essential for the digestive process, can be impaired in these individuals, affecting their quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the masticatory function of individuals with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and complete cleft palate who have undergone surgery and to compare the data from the clinical and instrumental evaluations. In addition, the objective was to compare the data obtained from the evaluation between the types of cleft. Methods: Study involving 16 participants: 08 in the experimental group (with cleft lip and/or palate) and 08 in the control group (without cleft). Anamnesis, clinical evaluations (mobility and tone of the lips, tongue and cheeks, and chewing function) and instrumental evaluations (maximum bite force and lip and tongue pressure) were performed. The data were statistically analyzed to identify significant differences between the control and experimental groups and between the types of cleft. Results: The experimental group presented reduced mobility of the lips and tongue, as well as lower bite force and tongue pressure, compared to the control group. The alternating bilateral chewing pattern prevailed in both groups, but chewing time was longer in the control group (15.36 seconds) than in the experimental group (12.60 seconds). Changes such as unexpected muscle contraction were observed in 100% of the participants with cleft. Conclusion: The chewing function in individuals with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and complete cleft palate who were operated on and isolated showed greater impairment compared to the control group regarding chewing function, with direct correspondence with the instrumental evaluation, which showed lower bite force and lower pressure of the lips, back and tip of the tongue.
Introduction: Cleft lip and/or palate are craniofacial anomalies that impact orofacial functions, such as chewing and speech, due to structural alterations of the stomatognathic system. Chewing, essential for the digestive process, can be impaired in these individuals, affecting their quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the masticatory function of individuals with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and complete cleft palate who have undergone surgery and to compare the data from the clinical and instrumental evaluations. In addition, the objective was to compare the data obtained from the evaluation between the types of cleft. Methods: Study involving 16 participants: 08 in the experimental group (with cleft lip and/or palate) and 08 in the control group (without cleft). Anamnesis, clinical evaluations (mobility and tone of the lips, tongue and cheeks, and chewing function) and instrumental evaluations (maximum bite force and lip and tongue pressure) were performed. The data were statistically analyzed to identify significant differences between the control and experimental groups and between the types of cleft. Results: The experimental group presented reduced mobility of the lips and tongue, as well as lower bite force and tongue pressure, compared to the control group. The alternating bilateral chewing pattern prevailed in both groups, but chewing time was longer in the control group (15.36 seconds) than in the experimental group (12.60 seconds). Changes such as unexpected muscle contraction were observed in 100% of the participants with cleft. Conclusion: The chewing function in individuals with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and complete cleft palate who were operated on and isolated showed greater impairment compared to the control group regarding chewing function, with direct correspondence with the instrumental evaluation, which showed lower bite force and lower pressure of the lips, back and tip of the tongue.
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Citação
CONSTANTINO, Esther. Avaliação clínica e instrumental da função mastigatória em indivíduos com fissura de lábio e/ou palato. 2024. 112 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fonoaudiologia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2024.