Funções executivas em afásicos
Data
2015
Autores
Monteiro, Maria de Fátima Alves 
Orientadores
Bueno, Orlando Francisco Amodeo
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
As funções executivas compartilham áreas de conexão e modulação cognitiva para o desempenho de habilidades complexas, como a compreensão e a expressão da linguagem, mas o impacto cognitivo sofrido por afásicos, quando tais áreas são afetadas ainda é pouco investigado. Este estudo transversal pretende investigar a presença de déficits executivos em 26 afásicos, fluentes e não fluentes, sendo comparados a participantes saudáveis pareados por sexo, idade e escolaridade. Todos os participantes foram submetidos a uma bateria de testes composta por tarefas que recrutam as funções executivas, e outras habilidades relacionadas, como memória operacional e atenção. Os afásicos apresentaram pior desempenho nos subdomínios das funções executivas (alternância, atualização, inibição) e no acesso à memória de longo prazo, em relação aos sujeitos controle, mas apresentaram prejuízo em tarefas de planejamento. O desempenho de outras funções cognitivas, como memória operacional e memória semântica, foi inferior nos afásicos, tanto fluente como não fluentes. Ao longo de uma tarefa de atenção sustentada os afásicos não fluentes apresentaram um padrão de resposta tipo desatento, enquanto os afásicos fluentes apresentaram um padrão de resposta tipo impulsivo frente aos estímulos alvo. Tanto afásicos fluentes como não fluentes apresentam prejuízo cognitivos que modulam as funções complexas incluindo déficits nos subdomínios das funções executivas, memória operacional e atenção sustentada
The brain's executive functions share connection and cognitive modulation areas to perform complex abilities, like the comprehension and expression of language. But the cognitive impact on individuals with aphasia when those areas are affected remains understudied. This cross-sectional study intends to investigate the presence of executive deficits on 26 patients with aphasia, fluent and non-fluent, compared to healthy subjects matching sex, age and education. All participants were submitted to a battery of tests comprised of tasks that demand the executive functions and other related skills, like operational memory and attention. Compared with control subjects, patients with aphasia had an inferior performance on executive function sub-domains (shifting, updating, inhibition) and on long-term memory access, but they also presented impairments on planning tasks. The performance of other cognitive functions, like operational and semantic memories, were also inferior on fluent and non-fluent aphasic patients. During a sustained attention task, the non-fluent aphasic patients presented an inattentive response pattern while the fluent aphasic patients presented an impulsive response pattern facing the same targeted stimuli. Both fluent and non-fluent aphasic patients showed cognitive impairments that module the complex functions, including deficits on executive functions subdomains, operational memory and sustained attention.
The brain's executive functions share connection and cognitive modulation areas to perform complex abilities, like the comprehension and expression of language. But the cognitive impact on individuals with aphasia when those areas are affected remains understudied. This cross-sectional study intends to investigate the presence of executive deficits on 26 patients with aphasia, fluent and non-fluent, compared to healthy subjects matching sex, age and education. All participants were submitted to a battery of tests comprised of tasks that demand the executive functions and other related skills, like operational memory and attention. Compared with control subjects, patients with aphasia had an inferior performance on executive function sub-domains (shifting, updating, inhibition) and on long-term memory access, but they also presented impairments on planning tasks. The performance of other cognitive functions, like operational and semantic memories, were also inferior on fluent and non-fluent aphasic patients. During a sustained attention task, the non-fluent aphasic patients presented an inattentive response pattern while the fluent aphasic patients presented an impulsive response pattern facing the same targeted stimuli. Both fluent and non-fluent aphasic patients showed cognitive impairments that module the complex functions, including deficits on executive functions subdomains, operational memory and sustained attention.
Descrição
Citação
MONTEIRO, Maria de Fátima Alves. Funções Executivas em afásicos. 2015. 88 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicobiologia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2015.