Denúncias como indicativo para a melhoria do Programa Nacional deAlimentação Escolar
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Data
2011-11-24
Autores
Benko de Uru, Potira Morena Souza [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Sonzogno, Maria Cecilia [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
A construcao do social tem inicio na familia e sua ampliacao se realiza no decorrer do processo educacional. Falar do social e falar de cidadania, de direitos e deveres que sao postos e vivenciados a cada dia. Nesse processo de construcao do social e preciso se alimentar para viver, mas nao qualquer alimento. E sim uma alimentacao promotora de saude. Nada mais completo entao do que trabalhar a promocao da saude no ambito educacional. Para isso o Brasil tem um Programa com mais de 55 anos: Programa Nacional de Alimentacao Escolar (PNAE), com uma trajetoria historica cuja participacao social tem permitido que a alimentacao adequada seja praticada como direito da populacao e tambem na ampla vertente educacional que o Programa proporciona. O PNAE, para ser executado, conta com a participacao social de acompanhantes e fiscalizadores do Programa. E, uma das formas que a sociedade tem para sinalizar a execucao do PNAE sao as denuncias que chegam de todo o pais trazendo informacoes que nao foram estudadas a fundo. Considerando esse cenario, as denuncias foram tomadas como objeto desta pesquisa. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo principal investigar as denuncias produzidas no escopo do PNAE e recebidas pelo FNDE (Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educacao), no ano de 2008. Este estudo foi desenvolvido tendo por base os documentos relativos ao ano de 2008, identificados como ¡°Denuncias ao Programa Nacional de Alimentacao Escolar¡±. Fizeram parte desse corpus cartas, emails, oficios, relatorios remetidos ao FNDE por cidadaos, profissionais em geral, conselhos, sindicatos e demais atores sociais. Adotou-se uma abordagem que permitiu quantificacao, bem como analise qualitativa com o objetivo de dar significado as dificuldades de atendimentos a populacao escolar no que se refere a alimentacao, embora o PNAE disponha de mecanismos de monitoramento. A analise quantitativa foi apresentada por frequencias e porcentagens e a analise qualitativa foi evidenciada a partir dos documentos das denuncias que chegam ao PNAE, por meio de analise de conteudo, segundo a modalidade tematica. O Brasil, na voz dos cidadaos, reclama de problemas na alimentacao escolar na seguinte ordem: Gestao, Alimentacao, Nutricionista, Conselho de Alimentacao do Escolar (CAE) e Instalacoes. A gestao inadequada reflete diretamente a falta e/ou a baixa qualidade da alimentacao escolar. Os resultados por regiao mostram que a maior frequencia de denuncias se refere a Regiao Nordeste, seguida pelas regioes Sudeste, Norte, Centro-Oeste e Sul. Outro ponto que fica claro e que atores como nutricionistas e CAE.s precisam ser mais amparados em termos de formacao/capacitacao, bem como nas suas estruturas de condicoes de trabalho. Um trabalho como este reflete o crescimento que a participacao social vem alcancando no Pais, a ponto de se ter um retrato Brasil na otica do detentor de direito do PNAE. E a sociedade representada como cidadaos denunciantes dos problemas vivenciados na execucao do PNAE. Fica claro que, se a educacao for colocada de maneira permanente/ continuada com todos os atores do PNAE, a administracao publica vai ganhar com parceiros atuantes no exercicio da cidadania. A gestao publica tem agora disponivel, tanto por Regioes como por Estados, informacoes acerca do olhar do usuario do PNAE oferecendo subsidios para acoes futuras, uma vez que, apos ter conhecimento da realidade denunciada, fica mais claro o caminho a seguir.
The construction of social well - being begins in the family an d expa nds through the educational process. When we talk about social well - being, we are talking about citizenship, about the rights and duties that are experienced every day. In this process of social well - being creation, it is necessary to eat , but not just any food – health - promoting food. Thus, there is nothing more basic than working for health promotion in the educational context. Brazil has had a program to accomplish this for more than 55 years: the Nationa l School Food Programme (PNAE). Over its history, social participation has guaranteed the right to a proper diet to the population at large as well as providing a wide - ranging education program . To achieve its goals, the PNAE relies on social participat ion in the schools as a way of monitoring the program . And one of the ways society participates in the running of PNAE is through complaints from around the country. These complaints provide information which has heretofore not been thoroughly studied. T he se complaints were thus taken as the object of this research. This study aims to investigate allegations arising within the scope of PNAE received by the FNDE (National Fund for Education Development) in 2008. This study was based on documents relating to 2008, identified as "Complaint s to the National School Food Program. " L etters, e - mails, reports submitted to the FNDE by citizens, members of professions in general, councils, unions and other social actors were part of the corpus . We adopted an approach that allowed both quantification and qualitative analysis in order to give meaning to the difficulties involved in providing food service to the school po pulation, although PNAE has monitoring mechanisms. The quantitative analysis was presented as frequenc ies and percentages and the qualitati ve analysis, which was based on the complaint documents arriving at PNAE, used thematic content ana lysis . Brazil ian citizens complain about school food problems in the following order : management, f ood, the nutritionis t, school food councils (CAEs) and f acilities. Poor management is directly reflected in the absence and / or the poor quality of school meals. Results by region show that the highest frequency of complaints came from the Northeast, followed by the Southeas t, North, Center - W est and South . It is also clear that actors such as nutritionists and CAEs need more support in terms of ttraining/education, as well as in the structure of their working conditions. A study lik e this one reflects the growth of social participation in the country, to the point of being a portrait of Brazil from the point of view of the PNAE stakeholder. S ociety is re presented by citizens pointing out the problems involved in carrying out PNAE. Clearly, if the permanent/ continuing educ ation of all PNAE stakeholders is emphasized, the public administration will gain active partners in the exercise of citizenship. P ublic managers now have i nformation from both the regional and state levels about the user's view of PNAE . This ca n provide support for future actions, since an awareness of the situation being complained about makes the way forward clearer .
The construction of social well - being begins in the family an d expa nds through the educational process. When we talk about social well - being, we are talking about citizenship, about the rights and duties that are experienced every day. In this process of social well - being creation, it is necessary to eat , but not just any food – health - promoting food. Thus, there is nothing more basic than working for health promotion in the educational context. Brazil has had a program to accomplish this for more than 55 years: the Nationa l School Food Programme (PNAE). Over its history, social participation has guaranteed the right to a proper diet to the population at large as well as providing a wide - ranging education program . To achieve its goals, the PNAE relies on social participat ion in the schools as a way of monitoring the program . And one of the ways society participates in the running of PNAE is through complaints from around the country. These complaints provide information which has heretofore not been thoroughly studied. T he se complaints were thus taken as the object of this research. This study aims to investigate allegations arising within the scope of PNAE received by the FNDE (National Fund for Education Development) in 2008. This study was based on documents relating to 2008, identified as "Complaint s to the National School Food Program. " L etters, e - mails, reports submitted to the FNDE by citizens, members of professions in general, councils, unions and other social actors were part of the corpus . We adopted an approach that allowed both quantification and qualitative analysis in order to give meaning to the difficulties involved in providing food service to the school po pulation, although PNAE has monitoring mechanisms. The quantitative analysis was presented as frequenc ies and percentages and the qualitati ve analysis, which was based on the complaint documents arriving at PNAE, used thematic content ana lysis . Brazil ian citizens complain about school food problems in the following order : management, f ood, the nutritionis t, school food councils (CAEs) and f acilities. Poor management is directly reflected in the absence and / or the poor quality of school meals. Results by region show that the highest frequency of complaints came from the Northeast, followed by the Southeas t, North, Center - W est and South . It is also clear that actors such as nutritionists and CAEs need more support in terms of ttraining/education, as well as in the structure of their working conditions. A study lik e this one reflects the growth of social participation in the country, to the point of being a portrait of Brazil from the point of view of the PNAE stakeholder. S ociety is re presented by citizens pointing out the problems involved in carrying out PNAE. Clearly, if the permanent/ continuing educ ation of all PNAE stakeholders is emphasized, the public administration will gain active partners in the exercise of citizenship. P ublic managers now have i nformation from both the regional and state levels about the user's view of PNAE . This ca n provide support for future actions, since an awareness of the situation being complained about makes the way forward clearer .
Descrição
Citação
BENKO DE URU, Potira Morena Souza. Denúncias como indicativo para a melhoria do Programa Nacional deAlimentação Escolar. 2011. 187 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Ensino em Ciências da Saúde) - Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2011.