Estudo de performance elétrica e financeira de sistema fotovoltaico operando em área costeira: estudo de caso na Baixada Santista
Data
2021-12-07
Autores
Gonzalez, Júlia de Oliveira 
Orientadores
Martins, Fernando Ramos
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O litoral brasileiro, em especial a Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista (RMBS),
tem grande demanda por desenvolvimento social, econômico e ambiental. O setor de geração
de energia solar fotovoltaica (FV) está em crescente expansão e ultrapassou 12,1
GW de potência instalada no Brasil, em 2021. Isso o torna uma fonte de oportunidades
de inovação e desenvolvimento socioeconômico para a RMBS — área de grande densidade
populacional. O presente trabalho apresenta a avaliação de desempenho de um
sistema FV instalado na Universidade Federal de São Paulo, campus Baixada Santista,
em Santos/SP. O sistema FV opera próximo ao maior Porto da América Latina, responsável
por grande parcela das emissões de material particulado na atmosfera na região de
estudo. Santos apresenta clima tropical com inverno seco e verão úmido bem caracterizados
temporalmente. Esta pesquisa de mestrado investigou o desempenho do sistema
FV entre outubro/2020 e setembro/2021, incluindo aspecto financeiro do investimento
em geração fotovoltaica distribuída. A metodologia envolveu a aquisição de dados meteorológicos
ambientais e de dados de operação do sistema FV estudado; a aplicação do
Método de Regressão Linear Periódica; e a utilização de ferramentas computacionais para
a simulação de operação e para a avaliação dos indicadores de desempenho do sistema
FV estudado. O Método de Regressão Linear Periódica demonstrou que o sistema FV
vem operando com uniformidade (sem alterações bruscas) dos indicadores de desempenho
avaliados. Os parâmetros de desempenho mostram valores superiores ou similares
aos de outros sistemas operados na região, no território brasileiro e no exterior. Por fim,
o piranômetro associado ao sistema FV forneceu dados de irradiância solar incidente com
algumas disparidades quando comparado com os resultados simulados pela ferramenta
SOLergo; A geração de eletricidade observada também foi superior ao estimado pelo pacote
Solergo, provavelmente em razão da influência de variáveis ambientais locais não
consideradas nas simulações numéricas. Os indicadores de desempenho monitorados no
estudos não demonstraram variação significativa entre a seca e chuvosa. O valor de PR
variou entre 83% e 95%; e a produtividade Yf apresentou valores no intervalo de 56,4 a
145,8 kWh/kWp. As comparações com os indicadores de plantas fotovoltaicas em operação
em outras localidades costeiras e continentais mostram que o sistema FV em operação
apresenta desempenho similar ou superior aos demais.
The Brazilian coast, especially the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region (RMBS), is in great demand for social, economic and environmental development. The photovoltaic (PV) solar energy generation sector is in growing expansion and reached 10 GW of installed power in Brazil, in 2021. Therefore, solar energy is a source of development opportunities to be included in the RMBS — an area of high populational density. The present work presents the performance evaluation of a PV system installed at the Federal University of São Paulo, campus Baixada Santista, in Santos/SP. This PV system operates close to the largest port in Latin America, responsible for a large share of particulate matter emissions into the atmosphere in this region. Santos has a tropical climate with well characterized seasons of dry winter and wet summer. This master’s research aimed to understand the performance of the PV system installed in Santos (between October/ 2020 and September/2021) and to estimate the financial impact of the investment. The methodology involved the description of the study area; the acquisition of environmental meteorological data with an impact on the PV generation, and output data from the studied PV system; the application of the Periodic Linear Regression Method; and the use of computational tools for the operation simulation and for the evaluation of the performance indicators of the studied PV system. Regarding the results, it can be said that the Periodic Linear Regression Method demonstrated that the PV system studied has been operating with uniformity (without sudden changes) of the performance indicators evaluated. The performance parameters show higher or similar values than others operating systems in the region, in the Brazilian territory and abroad. Finally, the pyranometer associated with the PV system provided incident solar irradiance data with some disparities when compared with the results simulated by SOLergo tool; The electricity generation observed was also higher than that estimated by the Solergo package, probably due to the influence of local environmental variables not considered in the numerical simulations. The performance indicators monitored in the study did not show significant variation between the dry and rainy seasons. The value of PR varied between 83% and 95%; and the productivity Yf presented values in the range of 56.4 to 145.8 kWh/kWp. Comparisons with the indicators of photovoltaic plants in operation in other coastal and continental locations show that the PV system in operation presents similar or superior performance to the others.
The Brazilian coast, especially the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region (RMBS), is in great demand for social, economic and environmental development. The photovoltaic (PV) solar energy generation sector is in growing expansion and reached 10 GW of installed power in Brazil, in 2021. Therefore, solar energy is a source of development opportunities to be included in the RMBS — an area of high populational density. The present work presents the performance evaluation of a PV system installed at the Federal University of São Paulo, campus Baixada Santista, in Santos/SP. This PV system operates close to the largest port in Latin America, responsible for a large share of particulate matter emissions into the atmosphere in this region. Santos has a tropical climate with well characterized seasons of dry winter and wet summer. This master’s research aimed to understand the performance of the PV system installed in Santos (between October/ 2020 and September/2021) and to estimate the financial impact of the investment. The methodology involved the description of the study area; the acquisition of environmental meteorological data with an impact on the PV generation, and output data from the studied PV system; the application of the Periodic Linear Regression Method; and the use of computational tools for the operation simulation and for the evaluation of the performance indicators of the studied PV system. Regarding the results, it can be said that the Periodic Linear Regression Method demonstrated that the PV system studied has been operating with uniformity (without sudden changes) of the performance indicators evaluated. The performance parameters show higher or similar values than others operating systems in the region, in the Brazilian territory and abroad. Finally, the pyranometer associated with the PV system provided incident solar irradiance data with some disparities when compared with the results simulated by SOLergo tool; The electricity generation observed was also higher than that estimated by the Solergo package, probably due to the influence of local environmental variables not considered in the numerical simulations. The performance indicators monitored in the study did not show significant variation between the dry and rainy seasons. The value of PR varied between 83% and 95%; and the productivity Yf presented values in the range of 56.4 to 145.8 kWh/kWp. Comparisons with the indicators of photovoltaic plants in operation in other coastal and continental locations show that the PV system in operation presents similar or superior performance to the others.
Descrição
Citação
GONZALEZ, Júlia de Oliveira. Estudo de performance elétrica e financeira de sistema fotovoltaico operando em área costeira: estudo de caso na Baixada Santista. 2021. 173 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia do Mar) - Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.