Transtorno de estresse pós-traumático entre universitários brasileiros no retorno das aulas presenciais durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Data
2023-03-30
Autores
Silva, Luciana Oliveira Taliano da 
Orientadores
Ribeiro, Alessandra Mussi
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Uma experiência que ameaça a si mesmo ou a uma pessoa próxima pode ser caracterizada como um evento estressor. Ao longo da história, a população mundial tem enfrentado diversas exposições a estressores traumáticos. O Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT) se caracteriza pela presença de sinais e sintomas relacionados à vivência de situações traumáticas e estressantes. A pandemia da COVID-19 tem sido descrita como um evento potencialmente traumático/estressor, que gera impactos negativos em diversos aspectos da sociedade, incluindo na saúde mental dos indivíduos, e muitos estudos sobre saúde mental e a pandemia vêm sendo desenvolvidos. Recentemente a saúde dos estudantes universitários tem sido investigada principalmente devido às mudanças ocorridas no período de pandemia, o que levou a um aumento de doenças neuropsiquiátricas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a presença de TEPT em estudantes universitários da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) do Campus Baixada Santista, no retorno das aulas presenciais durante o período de pandemia COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e transversal, no qual foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos para a coleta de dados: questionário sociodemográfico, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref), Check List de Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (PCL-5), Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI) e Questionário sobre Traumas na Infância (QUESI). Quatrocentos e dois universitários participaram do estudo e concordaram com o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Nossos resultados mostraram uma frequência de resposta do gênero feminino (77,3%), declaração do desejo de trancamento em algum semestre (57,6%) e a definição do estado de saúde mental “média” (50,8%) ou “ruim” (40,1%). Em relação à qualidade de vida dos estudantes foi observado um baixo escore para os quatro domínios avaliados: físico (2,8 ± 0,5), psicológico (3,0 ± 0,7), relações sociais (3,3 ± 0,9) e meio ambiente (3,4 ± 0,6). A avaliação de qualidade do sono mostrou má qualidade do sono em 57,3% da amostra e foi verificado a presença de distúrbio do sono em 33,6% dos estudantes. Os traumas na infância e ou adolescência mais relatados foram abuso emocional e negligência emocional, contudo com baixo nível de exposição aos traumas. Em relação ao risco de TEPT, 52,9% dos estudantes participantes apresentaram critérios para o desenvolvimento do transtorno. Os resultados sugerem que os estudantes da UNIFESP Campus Baixada Santista estão com sua saúde mental afetada, com alto risco de desenvolvimento de TEPT e alta frequência distúrbios do sono.
An experience that threatens oneself or a close person can be characterized as a stressor event. Throughout history, the global population has faced various exposures to traumatic stressors. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is characterized by the presence of signs and symptoms related to the experience of traumatic and stressful situations. The COVID-19 pandemic has been described as a potentially traumatic/stressful event that generates negative impacts in various aspects of society, including individuals' mental health, and many studies on mental health and the pandemic have been developed. Recently, the health of university students has been investigated mainly due to the changes that occurred during the pandemic period, which led to an increase in neuropsychiatric disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of PTSD in university students at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) Campus Baixada Santista, upon returning to face-to-face classes during the COVID-19 pandemic period. This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study, in which the following instruments were used for data collection: sociodemographic questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Four hundred and two university students participated in the study and agreed to the terms of informed consent. Our results showed a higher frequency of female respondents (77.3%), a statement of the desire to discontinue one or more semesters (57.6%), and a definition of mental health status as "average" (50.8%) or "poor" (40.1%). Regarding the students' quality of life, a low score was observed for the four evaluated domains: physical (2.8 ± 0.5), psychological (3.0 ± 0.7), social relationships (3.3 ± 0.9), and environment (3.4 ± 0.6). The sleep quality evaluation showed poor sleep quality in 57.3% of the sample, and sleep disorders were identified in 33.6% of the students. The most reported childhood and adolescent traumas were emotional abuse and emotional neglect, although with a low level of exposure to traumas. Regarding the risk of PTSD, 52.9% of participating students met criteria for the development of the disorder. Taken together the results suggest that UNIFESP Campus Baixada Santista students' mental health is affected, with a high risk of developing PTSD and a high frequency of sleep disorders.
An experience that threatens oneself or a close person can be characterized as a stressor event. Throughout history, the global population has faced various exposures to traumatic stressors. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is characterized by the presence of signs and symptoms related to the experience of traumatic and stressful situations. The COVID-19 pandemic has been described as a potentially traumatic/stressful event that generates negative impacts in various aspects of society, including individuals' mental health, and many studies on mental health and the pandemic have been developed. Recently, the health of university students has been investigated mainly due to the changes that occurred during the pandemic period, which led to an increase in neuropsychiatric disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of PTSD in university students at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) Campus Baixada Santista, upon returning to face-to-face classes during the COVID-19 pandemic period. This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study, in which the following instruments were used for data collection: sociodemographic questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Four hundred and two university students participated in the study and agreed to the terms of informed consent. Our results showed a higher frequency of female respondents (77.3%), a statement of the desire to discontinue one or more semesters (57.6%), and a definition of mental health status as "average" (50.8%) or "poor" (40.1%). Regarding the students' quality of life, a low score was observed for the four evaluated domains: physical (2.8 ± 0.5), psychological (3.0 ± 0.7), social relationships (3.3 ± 0.9), and environment (3.4 ± 0.6). The sleep quality evaluation showed poor sleep quality in 57.3% of the sample, and sleep disorders were identified in 33.6% of the students. The most reported childhood and adolescent traumas were emotional abuse and emotional neglect, although with a low level of exposure to traumas. Regarding the risk of PTSD, 52.9% of participating students met criteria for the development of the disorder. Taken together the results suggest that UNIFESP Campus Baixada Santista students' mental health is affected, with a high risk of developing PTSD and a high frequency of sleep disorders.
Descrição
Citação
SILVA, Luciana Oliveira Taliano da. Transtorno de estresse pós-traumático entre universitários brasileiros no retorno das aulas presenciais durante a pandemia de Covid-19. 2023. 100 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2023.