Logística reversa de medicamentos: uma revisão bibliográfica sobre iniciativas no brasil e boas práticas internacionais
Data
2022-02-10
Autores
Santos, Giovana Maria dos 
Orientadores
Duarte, Carla Grigoletto
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O descarte de medicamentos e suas embalagens pelos consumidores tornou-se uma problemática socioambiental, visto os riscos de contaminação causados por esta prática. No Brasil, a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, prevê a realização da logística reversa de vários tipos de resíduos, e foi regulamentada em 2020 para medicamentos (Decreto Federal nº10.388). A logística reversa constitui um sistema integrado em que todos os agentes envolvidos na produção, distribuição e consumo possuem responsabilidade na destinação adequada para o resíduo gerado pós consumo, viabilizando a coleta e uma destinação ambiental adequada. O
presente trabalho visa realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre logística reversa para medicamentos, visando (a) descrever iniciativas existentes no Brasil, e (b) também reunir boas
práticas internacionais. Como principais pontos para comparação será estudada a farmácia como ponto fixo de recebimento na LRM e a incineração como destinação final para o resíduo de medicamentos. Como metodologia será utilizada a revisão bibliográfica de maneira interpretativa e crítica para mapear as práticas de países internacionais e comparar com o Brasil.
Para organização das ideias será utilizada a técnica de ficha bibliográfica e ficha de resumo, visando organizar os pontos cruciais levantados por este estudo nos países selecionados. Como
conclusões, espera-se discutir criticamente a implantação da Logística Reversa de Medicamentos no Brasil, e apontar boas práticas internacionais que poderiam ser adotadas no nosso país. Enfatizando a incineração como uma destinação utilizada em todos os países estudados, sendo uma solução que deva ser utilizada no Brasil, desde que haja o tratamento
adequado dos gases emitidos e a reciclagem das embalagens de medicamentos que não
obtiveram contato direto com o produto. Do mesmo modo, todos os países estudados utilizam as farmácias como ponto fixo de recebimento de medicamentos, com exceção do Canadá, que utiliza também depósitos. Assim, as farmácias e drogarias constituem em locais estratégicos para o recebimento dos medicamentos vencidos, em desuso e suas embalagens, considerando o papel do farmacêutico como fundamental para orientar e informar o consumidor sobre as
práticas de logística reversa para medicamentos.
The disposal of medicines and their packaging by consumers has become a socio-environmental problem, given the risks of contamination caused by this practice. In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Policy provides for the realization of reverse logistics of various types of waste, and was regulated in 2020 for medicines (Federal Decree No. 10,388). Reverse logistics is an integrated system in which all agents involved in production, distribution and consumption are responsible for the proper disposal of post-consumer waste, enabling collection and proper environmental disposal. The present work aims to carry out a literature review on reverse logistics for medicines, aiming (a) to describe existing initiatives in Brazil, and (b) also to gather good international practices. As main points for comparison, the pharmacy will be studied as a fixed point of receipt in the LRM and incineration as a final destination for the residue of medicines. As a methodology, the literature review will be used in an interpretive and critical way to map the practices of international countries and compare with Brazil. For the organization of ideas, the technique of bibliographic sheet and summary sheet will be used, aiming to organize the crucial points raised by this study in the selected countries. As conclusions, it is expected to critically discuss the implementation of Reverse Logistics of Medicines in Brazil, and point out good international practices that could be adopted in our country. Emphasizing incineration as a destination used in all the countries studied, being a solution that should be used in Brazil, as long as there is adequate treatment of the emitted gases and the recycling of drug packaging that did not have direct contact with the product. Likewise, all the countries studied use pharmacies as a fixed point for receiving medicines, with the exception of Canada, which also uses deposits. Thus, pharmacies and drugstores are strategic locations for receiving expired, disused medicines and their packaging, considering the pharmacist's role as fundamental to guide and inform consumers about reverse logistics practices for medicines.
The disposal of medicines and their packaging by consumers has become a socio-environmental problem, given the risks of contamination caused by this practice. In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Policy provides for the realization of reverse logistics of various types of waste, and was regulated in 2020 for medicines (Federal Decree No. 10,388). Reverse logistics is an integrated system in which all agents involved in production, distribution and consumption are responsible for the proper disposal of post-consumer waste, enabling collection and proper environmental disposal. The present work aims to carry out a literature review on reverse logistics for medicines, aiming (a) to describe existing initiatives in Brazil, and (b) also to gather good international practices. As main points for comparison, the pharmacy will be studied as a fixed point of receipt in the LRM and incineration as a final destination for the residue of medicines. As a methodology, the literature review will be used in an interpretive and critical way to map the practices of international countries and compare with Brazil. For the organization of ideas, the technique of bibliographic sheet and summary sheet will be used, aiming to organize the crucial points raised by this study in the selected countries. As conclusions, it is expected to critically discuss the implementation of Reverse Logistics of Medicines in Brazil, and point out good international practices that could be adopted in our country. Emphasizing incineration as a destination used in all the countries studied, being a solution that should be used in Brazil, as long as there is adequate treatment of the emitted gases and the recycling of drug packaging that did not have direct contact with the product. Likewise, all the countries studied use pharmacies as a fixed point for receiving medicines, with the exception of Canada, which also uses deposits. Thus, pharmacies and drugstores are strategic locations for receiving expired, disused medicines and their packaging, considering the pharmacist's role as fundamental to guide and inform consumers about reverse logistics practices for medicines.