Mapeamento e análise crítica dos estudos sobre letramento em saúde entre pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
Data
2023-12-11
Autores
Carvalho, Ariel Cesar de 
Orientadores
Cunha, Lucas Leite
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: Letramento em Saúde é definido como a capacidade do indivíduo de obter, processar e entender informações relacionadas à saúde. Baixos índices de letramento em saúde são comuns ao redor do mundo. Por isso, essa revisão sistemática tem como objetivo mapear estudos que avaliaram o letramento em saúde de indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e apresentar uma visão global desse nível de letramento, bem como investigar sua relação com o controle glicêmico e os índices de complicações. Materiais e métodos: realizamos uma busca sistemática e sensível nos seguintes bancos de dados eletrônicos, publicados desde o início até agosto de 2021: Embase, LILACS, Cochrane Library e MEDLINE. Foram selecionados estudos que avaliaram qualquer questão relacionada ao letramento em saúde em pacientes adultos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Os participantes do estudo precisavam ter seu nível de letramento em saúde mensurado por alguma das seguintes ferramentas ou suas adaptações: TOFHLA, s-TOFHLA, NVS e REALM. Foi realizada a avaliação da qualidade dos estudos incluídos por ferramentas adequada para o tipo de estudo e os resultados apresentados de maneira descritiva. Resultados: um total de 57 artigos foram incluídos na revisão, sendo 44 estudos transversais analíticos, 2 estudos de validação, 2 estudos prospectivos antes e depois, um estudo qualitativo, 6 ensaios clínicos, e 2 revisões sistemáticas. A prevalência de letramento em saúde inadequado variou entre 4,7% e 71,7%. Vinte e seis estudos avaliaram a associação entre letramento em saúde e meta glicêmica. Quatro deles investigaram a associação entre taxas de alfabetização em saúde e complicações de diabetes. Dez deles encontraram uma associação inversa entre alfabetização em saúde e hemoglobina glicada, sugerindo que o controle diabético inadequado era mais frequente entre pacientes com níveis mais baixos de alfabetização em saúde. Conclusões: nossos resultados sugerem haver associação direta entre o nível de letramento em saúde e o controle da doença, além de uma associação inversa entre letramento em saúde e o risco de evoluir com complicações. Esses achados poderiam justificar a avaliação de rotina do letramento em saúde entre pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, além do desenvolvimento de estratégias para melhorar seus níveis de letramento em saúde.
Introduction: Health literacy is defined as an individual's ability to obtain, process, and understand information related to health. Low health literacy rates are common worldwide. Therefore, this systematic review aims to map studies that have assessed health literacy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and provide a global perspective on this level of literacy. Additionally, it investigates its relationship with glycemic control and complication rates. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic and comprehensive search in the following electronic databases, covering publications from inception until August 2021: Embase, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE. Studies that evaluated any aspect of health literacy in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected. Participants in the studies needed to have their health literacy level measured by one of the following tools or their adaptations: TOFHLA, s-TOFHLA, NVS, and REALM. The quality of the included studies was assessed using tools appropriate for the study type, and the results were presented descriptively. Results: A total of 57 articles were included in the review, comprising 44 analytical cross-sectional studies, 2 validation studies, 2 prospective before-and-after studies, 1 qualitative study, 6 clinical trials, and 2 systematic reviews. The prevalence of inadequate health literacy ranged from 4.7% to 71.7%. Twenty-six studies assessed the association between health literacy and glycemic goals. Four of them investigated the association between health literacy rates and diabetes complications. Ten of them found an inverse association between health literacy and glycated hemoglobin, suggesting that poor diabetes control was more common among patients with lower health literacy levels. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a direct association between health literacy levels and disease control, as well as an inverse association between health literacy and the risk of developing complications. These results could justify routine assessment of health literacy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, along with the development of strategies to improve their health literacy levels.
Introduction: Health literacy is defined as an individual's ability to obtain, process, and understand information related to health. Low health literacy rates are common worldwide. Therefore, this systematic review aims to map studies that have assessed health literacy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and provide a global perspective on this level of literacy. Additionally, it investigates its relationship with glycemic control and complication rates. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic and comprehensive search in the following electronic databases, covering publications from inception until August 2021: Embase, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE. Studies that evaluated any aspect of health literacy in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected. Participants in the studies needed to have their health literacy level measured by one of the following tools or their adaptations: TOFHLA, s-TOFHLA, NVS, and REALM. The quality of the included studies was assessed using tools appropriate for the study type, and the results were presented descriptively. Results: A total of 57 articles were included in the review, comprising 44 analytical cross-sectional studies, 2 validation studies, 2 prospective before-and-after studies, 1 qualitative study, 6 clinical trials, and 2 systematic reviews. The prevalence of inadequate health literacy ranged from 4.7% to 71.7%. Twenty-six studies assessed the association between health literacy and glycemic goals. Four of them investigated the association between health literacy rates and diabetes complications. Ten of them found an inverse association between health literacy and glycated hemoglobin, suggesting that poor diabetes control was more common among patients with lower health literacy levels. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a direct association between health literacy levels and disease control, as well as an inverse association between health literacy and the risk of developing complications. These results could justify routine assessment of health literacy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, along with the development of strategies to improve their health literacy levels.
Descrição
Citação
CARVALHO, Ariel Cesar de. Mapeamento e análise crítica dos estudos sobre letramento em saúde entre pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. 2024. 98 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Endocrinologia e Metabologia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2024.