Matriz de competências para a formação do farmacêutico oncologista: estudo metodológico
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Data
2023-10-31
Autores
Lopes, Kathia Ferraro [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
De Domenico, Edvane Birelo Lopes [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado profissional
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Introdução: O uso de uma matriz de competências pode orientar na construção ou revisão dos currículos de cursos de pós-graduação, aperfeiçoando e uniformizando o padrão de formação nas várias regiões do país. Objetivo: Identificar as competências gerais e especificas para a formação do farmacêutico especialista em Oncologia e validar por meio de um processo de validação de conteúdo. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico, constituído por três etapas: construção de competências, por meio de revisão de literatura; pilotagem através da realização do grupo focal, e a validação de conteúdos por meio da Técnica Delphi. Etapa 1: revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa de produções científicas de 2017 a 2021. A pergunta de pesquisa foi elaborada a partir do acrônimo SPIDER: Quais são e como se organizam as competências necessárias para a formação de farmacêuticos especialistas em Oncologia? Os dados foram organizados na plataforma Rayyan e foram incluídos artigos científicos disponíveis nas bases de dados Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase e Web of Science e documentos veiculados por associações e sociedades. A revisão e a experiência dos pesquisadores proporcionaram a construção do documento preliminar 1. Etapa 2: Fase de pilotagem, na qual utilizou-se a técnica de grupo focal, apoiada nos itens do questionário COREQ. Participaram 14 farmacêuticos praticantes para compor os grupos focais, selecionados pela análise de currículo, disponível na Plataforma Lattes (CNPq), considerando a principal área de atuação e observando a representatividade entre as várias regiões do país. A análise das contribuições feitas pelos participantes originou o documento preliminar 2. Etapa 3: foram selecionados 9 juízes através dos critérios nomeados por Fehring. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio do cálculo do índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) pelos critérios de clareza semântica, rigor conceitual, pertinência e relevância deste, adotando-se uma escala likert de 4 pontos. Resultados Etapa 1: Construção do documento preliminar 1 estruturado em 3 núcleos: Gestão em Saúde, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde e Cuidado em Saúde, conforme os eixos definidos pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Graduação em Farmácia, contendo a definição de e abrangência de cada núcleo, 38 habilidades e seus conhecimentos relacionados, mais 4 itens correspondendo às atitudes do profissional. Etapa 2: Foram conformados dois grupos focais, com farmacêuticos selecionados conforme área de atuação (Gestão em Saúde e Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde, Cuidado em Saúde). O documento preliminar 2, resultado final dessa etapa, possui 36 itens, compostos por habilidades e conhecimentos relacionados e 4 atitudes profissionais. Etapa 3: Após duas rodadas da Técnica Delphi foi obtido o índice de validade de concordância de 0,944. Conclusão: A matriz de competências para formação do farmacêutico oncologista foi estruturada com 36 habilidades e os conhecimentos necessários, e 4 itens relativos às atitudes do profissional para desenvolver as três competências gerais conforme as áreas de atuação.
Introduction: The use of a competency matrix can guide the construction or revision of graduate course curricula, improving and standardizing the training in the various regions of the country. Objective: Identify the general and specific competencies for the training of the oncology pharmacist and validate through a content validation process. Method: This is a methodological development study, consisting of three stages: construction of competencies, through literature review; piloting through the focus group, and content validation through the Delphi Technique. Stage 1: Integrative literature review of scientific productions from 2017 to 2021. The research question was based on the acronym SPIDER: What are the competencies needed to train oncology pharmacists and how are they organized? The data were organized on the Rayyan platform and included scientific articles available in the databases Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science and documents published by associations and societies. The review and the experience of the researchers led to the construction of the preliminary document 1. Stage 2: Piloting phase, in which the focus group technique was used, supported by the items of the COREQ questionnaire. 14 practicing pharmacists participated to compose the focus groups, selected by curriculum analysis, available on the Lattes Platform (CNPq), considering the main area of activity and observing the representativeness among the various regions of the country. The analysis of the contributions made by participants gave rise to the Preliminary Document 2. Step 3: 9 judges were selected through the criteria appointed by Fehring. Data analysis was performed by calculating the content validity index (CVI) according to the criteria of semantic clarity, conceptual rigor, pertinence and relevance, adopting a 4 point Likert scale. Results Stage 1: Construction of the Preliminary Document 1 structured in 3 nuclei: Health Management, Technology and Innovation in Health and Health Care, according to the axes defined by the National Curricular Guidelines of the Undergraduate Course in Pharmacy, containing the definition of and the scope of each nucleus, 38 skills and their related knowledge, 4 more items corresponding to the professional attitudes. Stage 2: Two focus groups were formed, with pharmacists selected according to their area of expertise (Health Management and Health Technology and Innovation, Health Care). Preliminary document 2, the final result of this stage, has 36 items, composed of related skills and knowledge and four professional attitudes. Stage 3: After two rounds of the Delphi technique, the validity of agreement index of 0,944 was obtained, indicating a strong consensus among the participants. Conclusion: The competency matrix for the training of oncologist pharmacist was structured with 36 skills and the respective knowledge, and four items related to the professional´s attitudes to develop the three general competencies according to the areas of activity.
Introduction: The use of a competency matrix can guide the construction or revision of graduate course curricula, improving and standardizing the training in the various regions of the country. Objective: Identify the general and specific competencies for the training of the oncology pharmacist and validate through a content validation process. Method: This is a methodological development study, consisting of three stages: construction of competencies, through literature review; piloting through the focus group, and content validation through the Delphi Technique. Stage 1: Integrative literature review of scientific productions from 2017 to 2021. The research question was based on the acronym SPIDER: What are the competencies needed to train oncology pharmacists and how are they organized? The data were organized on the Rayyan platform and included scientific articles available in the databases Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science and documents published by associations and societies. The review and the experience of the researchers led to the construction of the preliminary document 1. Stage 2: Piloting phase, in which the focus group technique was used, supported by the items of the COREQ questionnaire. 14 practicing pharmacists participated to compose the focus groups, selected by curriculum analysis, available on the Lattes Platform (CNPq), considering the main area of activity and observing the representativeness among the various regions of the country. The analysis of the contributions made by participants gave rise to the Preliminary Document 2. Step 3: 9 judges were selected through the criteria appointed by Fehring. Data analysis was performed by calculating the content validity index (CVI) according to the criteria of semantic clarity, conceptual rigor, pertinence and relevance, adopting a 4 point Likert scale. Results Stage 1: Construction of the Preliminary Document 1 structured in 3 nuclei: Health Management, Technology and Innovation in Health and Health Care, according to the axes defined by the National Curricular Guidelines of the Undergraduate Course in Pharmacy, containing the definition of and the scope of each nucleus, 38 skills and their related knowledge, 4 more items corresponding to the professional attitudes. Stage 2: Two focus groups were formed, with pharmacists selected according to their area of expertise (Health Management and Health Technology and Innovation, Health Care). Preliminary document 2, the final result of this stage, has 36 items, composed of related skills and knowledge and four professional attitudes. Stage 3: After two rounds of the Delphi technique, the validity of agreement index of 0,944 was obtained, indicating a strong consensus among the participants. Conclusion: The competency matrix for the training of oncologist pharmacist was structured with 36 skills and the respective knowledge, and four items related to the professional´s attitudes to develop the three general competencies according to the areas of activity.
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Citação
LOPES, Kathia Ferraro. Matriz de competências para a formação do farmacêutico oncologista: estudo metodológico. 2023. 252 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Ensino em Ciências da Saúde) - Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2023.