Denúncias de profissionais de enfermagem ao conselho federal de enfermagem na pandemia da Covid-19
Data
2023-03-17
Autores
Oliveira, Alessandra Guedes 
Orientadores
Cunha, Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Com a eclosão da pandemia ocasionada pelo SARS-COV-2 no Brasil, a situação precária em que muitos profissionais de Enfermagem trabalharam diariamente ficou em evidência e devido a alta demanda e o não conhecimento da doença, estes trabalhadores tiveram os seus direitos violados e acabaram por recorrer ao Conselho Federal de Enfermagem – Cofen. Identificar estas denúncias é importante a fim de direcionar esforços na elaboração de políticas públicas em situações de pandemia. Este estudo objetivou analisar as denúncias realizadas pelos profissionais de Enfermagem no site do Cofen durante a pandemia da COVID-19, identificando os tipos e suas implicações, as categorias dos denunciantes bem como suas localidades e serviços de atuação. Tratou-se de um estudo documental, descritivo e exploratório com abordagem quantitativa onde foi realizado uma revisão da literatura para embasar a categorização das denúncias feitas a partir da coleta de dados oriunda do Banco de Dados da Ouvidoria do Cofen. Após filtros obtiveram-se 2.684 denúncias que constituiram-se na amostra estudada. Com isso, por meio de uma ficha técnica criada para o estudo, foi realizada a classificação das denúncias com base na esfera do direito violada. Os dados foram transferidos para planilha, em seguida tabulados de acordo com as variáveis tipo de denúncia, categoria do denunciant, estado e região da denúncia, faixa etária e área de atuação do denunciante. As denúncias que não se encaixavam nas categorias foram identificadas com “outros”. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva, porém em razão das falhas dos dados no Banco de Dados muitos cruzamentos não puderam ser efetuados.Como resultados dez categorias de denúncias foram criadas: 1) Trabalhistas, as quais descreviam fatos em que o direito trabalhista foi infringido;2) Previdenciárias, quando normas previdênciárias foram desrespeitadas; 3) Éticas, quando o Código de Ética de Enfermagem era descumprido; 4) Âmbito Civil que relatavam ocorrências relativas a responsabilidade civil geradoras de indenizações; 5) Constitucionais, quando a CFBR/88 era violada; 6) Penais, quando normas do direito penal era desobedecidas; 7) Direito do Consumidor, quando normas inerentes ao Código de Defesa do Consumidor eram infrigidas; 8) Administrativas, quando normas do direito público eram violadas; 9) Outras; e 10) Inconclusivas. Foram identificadas e retiradas 38 repetidas. Das 2.684 denúncias de direitos e legislações infringidas aos profissionais de enfermagem nas instituições de saúde durante a pandemia de Covid-19 e identificadas, 1.387 (51,67%) eram relativas a aspectos Éticos e Trabalhistas conjuntos, seguidas de Inconclusiva (521=19%), Outras (119=4,43%) e Éticas (111=4,13%). As denúncias foram ainda agrupadas quando abrangiam mais de uma violação, tendo sido identificadas até cinco na mesma delação (ética, trabalhista, previdenciária, civil e penal n=20 0,74%). A maior parte das denúncias foram feitas por profissionais da região sudeste e do estado de São Paulo (1744=64%).Nos estados de Amapá, Rondônia e Tocantis não houve nenhuma denúncia identificada. Os técnicos de enfermagem (1.036 =38%), seguidos dos enfermeiros (825=30%) é que apresentaram o maior número de denúncias. Os trabalhadores denunciantes eram em número maior da área hospitalar. Concluiu-se que, apesar das fragilidades do Banco de Dados consultado, é possível afirmar que a Enfermagem, como a maior representante trabalhista da área da saúde, teve seus direitos violados em muitos aspectos durante a pandemia da COVID-10, necessitando de ações, principalmente das entidades representativas, a fim de que possam ser assegurados. Os dados apontam ainda para a necessidade de novos estudos que possam aprimorar o Banco de Dados bem como subsidiar ações pelo Cofen.
Descritores: Enfermagem; COVID-19; Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros; Recursos Humanos em Enfermagem; Normas Jurídicas.
With the outbreak of the pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2 in Brazil, the precarious situation in which many Nursing professionals worked daily became evident and due to the high demand and not knowing about the disease, these workers had their rights violated and ended up resorting to the Conselho Federal de Enfermagem – Cofen. Identify these complaints is important in order to direct efforts in the elaboration of public policies in situations of pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the complaints made by health professionals Nursing on the Cofen website during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying the types and their implications, categories of whistleblowers as well as their locations and services. It was a documentary, descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative approach where a literature review was carried out to support the categorization of complaints made from data collection from the Cofen Ombudsman Database. After filters, it was obtained 2,684 complaints constituted the sample studied. With that, through a techniques sheet created for the study, the classification of complaints was performed based on the sphere of right violated. The data were transferred to a spreadsheet, then tabulated according to the variables type of complaint, category of the complainant, state and region of the complaint, age group and complainant's area of activity. Complaints that did not fit into the categories were identified with “other”. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, but due to data failures in the Database, many crossings could not be carried out. As results Ten categories of complaints were created: 1) Labor, which described facts in which labor law was infringed; 2) Social security, when social security norms were disrespected; 3) Ethics, when the Nursing Code of Ethics was not complied with; 4) Civil Scope that reported occurrences related to civil liability generating indemnities; 5) Constitutional, when CFBR/88 was violated; 6) Criminal, when norms of the criminal law was disobeyed; 7) Consumer Law, when norms inherent to the Code of Consumer Protection were infringed; 8) Administrative, when norms of public law they were violated; 9) Other; and 10) Inconclusive. 38 duplicates were identified and removed. Of all 2,684 denunciations of rights and laws infringed on nursing professionals in health institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic and identified, 1,387 (51.67%) were relating to joint Ethical and Labor aspects, followed by Inconclusive (521=19%), Other (119=4.43%) and Ethics (111=4.13%). Complaints were further grouped when they covered more of a violation, with up to five identified in the same complaint (ethical, labor, social security, civil and penal n=20 0.74%). Most of the allegations were made by professionals from the southeast region and the state of São Paulo (1744=64%). In the states of Amapá, Rondônia and Tocantins there was no identified complaint. Nursing technicians (1,036 =38%), followed by nurses (825=30%) who presented the highest number of complaints. The complaining workers were in greater numbers from the hospital area. It was concluded that, despite of the weaknesses of the consulted Database, it is possible to affirm that Nursing, as the largest labor representative in the health area, had their rights violated in many aspects during the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring actions, mainly from the entities representatives, so that they can be secured. The data also point to the need of new studies that can improve the Database as well as subsidize actions by Cofen. Descriptors: Nursing; COVID-19; Nurses and Nurses; Human Resources in Nursing; Legal Rules.
With the outbreak of the pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2 in Brazil, the precarious situation in which many Nursing professionals worked daily became evident and due to the high demand and not knowing about the disease, these workers had their rights violated and ended up resorting to the Conselho Federal de Enfermagem – Cofen. Identify these complaints is important in order to direct efforts in the elaboration of public policies in situations of pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the complaints made by health professionals Nursing on the Cofen website during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying the types and their implications, categories of whistleblowers as well as their locations and services. It was a documentary, descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative approach where a literature review was carried out to support the categorization of complaints made from data collection from the Cofen Ombudsman Database. After filters, it was obtained 2,684 complaints constituted the sample studied. With that, through a techniques sheet created for the study, the classification of complaints was performed based on the sphere of right violated. The data were transferred to a spreadsheet, then tabulated according to the variables type of complaint, category of the complainant, state and region of the complaint, age group and complainant's area of activity. Complaints that did not fit into the categories were identified with “other”. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, but due to data failures in the Database, many crossings could not be carried out. As results Ten categories of complaints were created: 1) Labor, which described facts in which labor law was infringed; 2) Social security, when social security norms were disrespected; 3) Ethics, when the Nursing Code of Ethics was not complied with; 4) Civil Scope that reported occurrences related to civil liability generating indemnities; 5) Constitutional, when CFBR/88 was violated; 6) Criminal, when norms of the criminal law was disobeyed; 7) Consumer Law, when norms inherent to the Code of Consumer Protection were infringed; 8) Administrative, when norms of public law they were violated; 9) Other; and 10) Inconclusive. 38 duplicates were identified and removed. Of all 2,684 denunciations of rights and laws infringed on nursing professionals in health institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic and identified, 1,387 (51.67%) were relating to joint Ethical and Labor aspects, followed by Inconclusive (521=19%), Other (119=4.43%) and Ethics (111=4.13%). Complaints were further grouped when they covered more of a violation, with up to five identified in the same complaint (ethical, labor, social security, civil and penal n=20 0.74%). Most of the allegations were made by professionals from the southeast region and the state of São Paulo (1744=64%). In the states of Amapá, Rondônia and Tocantins there was no identified complaint. Nursing technicians (1,036 =38%), followed by nurses (825=30%) who presented the highest number of complaints. The complaining workers were in greater numbers from the hospital area. It was concluded that, despite of the weaknesses of the consulted Database, it is possible to affirm that Nursing, as the largest labor representative in the health area, had their rights violated in many aspects during the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring actions, mainly from the entities representatives, so that they can be secured. The data also point to the need of new studies that can improve the Database as well as subsidize actions by Cofen. Descriptors: Nursing; COVID-19; Nurses and Nurses; Human Resources in Nursing; Legal Rules.