Cidades inteligentes: um exame dos municípios do Cioeste
Data
2021-03-05
Autores
Pinheiro, Ana Luísa de Camargo 
Orientadores
Carvalho, Pollyana de
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A discussão sobre as cidades inteligentes ocorre internacionalmente desde os anos 1990, mesmo período em que houve o fortalecimento da preocupação com a preservação do meio ambiente e aumento do ritmo do avanço tecnológico. O desenvolvimento do termo “cidades inteligentes” e o aumento de sua discussão podem ser marcados por alguns eventos internacionais relacionados a criação de políticas ambientais globais; aos avanços da tecnologia; e a ambas as causas. O cenário acima descrito apresenta a urgência de se repensar as soluções para os problemas apresentados nos municípios. A pesquisa considera a hipótese de que grande parte das discussões e das propostas sobre cidades inteligentes presentes na literatura têm pouca aderência à realidade dos municípios brasileiros, diante de sua heterogeneidade estrutural e histórica dos municípios brasileiros, por isso, pretende avançar na discussão das cidades inteligentes a partir do exame de arranjos institucionais de municípios nesta temática. Assim, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo examinar a aplicação do conceito cidades inteligentes na perspectiva de um arranjo institucional específico, os consórcios, particularmente os consórcios públicos, que podem subsidiar os gestores municipais no enfrentamento dos desafios no atendimento às suas populações. A metodologia da pesquisa consistiu em estudo, descritivo e exploratório, dado que os municípios e instituições têm sinergias e uma trajetória de aprendizado aplicado ao estudo de caso dos municípios integrantes do Cioeste. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o conceito de cidades inteligentes. Em seguida, foram apresentadas as várias formas de novos arranjos institucionais para mostrar como eles podem impulsionar no desenvolvimento regional e contribuir com a trajetória de aprendizado dos municípios, com destaque para os consórcios públicos. A partir da comparação entre os resultados da análise de cluster, os projetos – em andamento e encerrados - e termos de cooperação do Cioeste e iniciativas individuais dos municípios, percebe-se que houve uma redução de alguns gargalos socioeconômicos, mas que poderiam ser melhor direcionados na construção de cidades inteligentes a partir das recomendações construídas para políticas públicas e maior sinergia dos municípios consorciados. Aponta-se para a necessidade de se considerar que os municípios possuem portes, recursos, acesso ao conhecimento e localização diferentes e, por isso, o entendimento de “inteligente” precisará ser diferente para cada um.
The discussion around smart cities has been taking place at an international level since the The discussion about smart cities has been taking place internationally since the 1990s, the same period in which there was a strengthening of concern with the preservation of the environment and an increase in the pace of technological advancement. The development of the term “smart cities” and the increase in its discussion can be marked by some international events related to the creation of global environmental policies; advances in technology; and both causes. The scenario described above presents the urgency to rethink the solutions to the problems presented in the municipalities. The research considers the hypothesis that most of the discussions and proposals on smart cities present in the literature have little adherence to the reality of Brazilian municipalities, given their structural and historical heterogeneity in Brazilian municipalities, therefore, it intends to move forward in the discussion of smart cities from the examination of institutional arrangements of municipalities in this theme. Thus, the present dissertation aims to examine the application of the concept of smart cities in the perspective of a specific institutional arrangement, consortia, particularly public consortia, which can subsidize municipal managers in facing the challenges in serving their populations. The research methodology consisted of a descriptive and exploratory study, given that the municipalities and institutions have synergies and a learning trajectory applied to the case study of the municipalities that are part of the Cioeste. A bibliographic review was carried out on the concept of smart cities. Then, the various forms of new institutional arrangements were presented to show how they can boost regional development and contribute to the learning trajectory of the municipalities, with emphasis on public consortia. From the comparison between the results of the cluster analysis, the projects - in progress and closed - and Cioeste's terms of cooperation and individual initiatives by the municipalities, it is clear that there was a reduction in some socioeconomic bottlenecks, but that could be better targeted in the construction of smart cities based on the recommendations built for public policies and greater synergy of the consortium municipalities. It points to the need to consider that municipalities have different sizes, resources, access to knowledge and location and, therefore, the understanding of “smart” will need to be different for each one.
The discussion around smart cities has been taking place at an international level since the The discussion about smart cities has been taking place internationally since the 1990s, the same period in which there was a strengthening of concern with the preservation of the environment and an increase in the pace of technological advancement. The development of the term “smart cities” and the increase in its discussion can be marked by some international events related to the creation of global environmental policies; advances in technology; and both causes. The scenario described above presents the urgency to rethink the solutions to the problems presented in the municipalities. The research considers the hypothesis that most of the discussions and proposals on smart cities present in the literature have little adherence to the reality of Brazilian municipalities, given their structural and historical heterogeneity in Brazilian municipalities, therefore, it intends to move forward in the discussion of smart cities from the examination of institutional arrangements of municipalities in this theme. Thus, the present dissertation aims to examine the application of the concept of smart cities in the perspective of a specific institutional arrangement, consortia, particularly public consortia, which can subsidize municipal managers in facing the challenges in serving their populations. The research methodology consisted of a descriptive and exploratory study, given that the municipalities and institutions have synergies and a learning trajectory applied to the case study of the municipalities that are part of the Cioeste. A bibliographic review was carried out on the concept of smart cities. Then, the various forms of new institutional arrangements were presented to show how they can boost regional development and contribute to the learning trajectory of the municipalities, with emphasis on public consortia. From the comparison between the results of the cluster analysis, the projects - in progress and closed - and Cioeste's terms of cooperation and individual initiatives by the municipalities, it is clear that there was a reduction in some socioeconomic bottlenecks, but that could be better targeted in the construction of smart cities based on the recommendations built for public policies and greater synergy of the consortium municipalities. It points to the need to consider that municipalities have different sizes, resources, access to knowledge and location and, therefore, the understanding of “smart” will need to be different for each one.