Plataforma digital Graspable: proposições para o ensino de álgebra na educação básica
Data
2022-11-30
Autores
Sousa, Diogo Ferreira de 
Orientadores
Oliveira, Evaldo Araújo de
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A compreensão que se tem sobre a escola atual é que não houve grandes mudanças há décadas, principalmente sobre o formato do ensino que se baseia, predominantemente, em salas dispostas em fileiras e o professor como um transmissor de conhecimento. Por outro lado, nossos alunos que nasceram imersos em um mundo digital com acesso rápido e fácil a milhares de informações, não encontram grandes motivações no ensino atual, em particular no ensino de matemática. A aprendizagem de matemática, em especial a de álgebra, pode ser frustrante e às vezes um tanto difícil, pois há muitas regras para memorizar e procedimentos para decorar. O acesso rápido e fácil à informação promovidos pelo rápido avanço tecnológico, trouxe um novo desafio, pois não é mais necessário se preocupar em armazenar os conhecimentos, mas sim, pensar em como construir e conectar tudo isso. É preciso considerar que o acesso às informações se tornou mais rápido, e os alunos estão cada vez mais protagonistas de sua aprendizagem. Pois as novas tecnologias e mídias sociais estão promovendo uma verdadeira revolução no mundo. Nas escolas, de forma geral, houve um rompimento quanto às barreiras da resistência e ao uso de recursos tecnológicos, seja por meio de livros digitais, videoaulas, uso de celulares, TVs, lousas digitais, acesso à internet sem fio (wifi) entre outros. Nesta nova abordagem de ensino, através de novas experiências, pode-se encontrar alternativas que tenham o objetivo de melhorar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Nesse sentido, este trabalho buscou investigar, através da literatura, quais são as concepções mais relevantes que se têm sobre álgebra, metodologias de ensino, o baixo rendimento em avaliações externas, as atuais dificuldades no ensino básico, as orientações norteadoras para o ensino de álgebra no Brasil, um breve relato sobre o ensino híbrido e a tendência do uso de tecnologias de comunicação nas escolas. Por fim, foi apresentado o aplicativo GRASPABLE MATH (GM) que tem por finalidade auxiliar no processo de ensino-aprendizagem em álgebra e fomentar a utilização de recursos digitais nas aulas de matemática, bem como um passo a passo para a utilização do GM e proposições de uso deste aplicativo para o ensino de álgebra.
The understanding that we have about the current school is that there have been no major changes for decades, especially regarding the teaching format, which is predominantly based on classrooms arranged in rows and the teacher as a transmitter of knowledge. On the other hand, our students, who were born immersed in a digital world, with quick and easy access to thousands of information, do not find great motivations in current teaching, particularly in the teaching of Mathematics. Learning mathematics, especially Algebra, can be frustrating and sometimes quite difficult, there are many rules to memorize, procedures to write and follow. The quick and easy access to information, promoted by the rapid technological advance, brought a new challenge, as we no longer need to worry about storing knowledge, but thinking about how to build and connect it all. We need to consider that access to information has become faster and students are increasingly protagonists of their learning, as new technologies and social media are promoting a true revolution in the world. In schools, in general, there was a break in the barriers of resistance to the use of technological resources, whether through digital books, video classes, use of cell phones, TVs, digital whiteboards, wireless internet access (wifi) among others. We can say that, little by little, the 21st century is coming to schools and making it possible to get closer to the reality of the student. In this new teaching approach, alternatives can be found through new experiences, which aim to improve the teaching-learning process. In this sense, this work sought to investigate, through the literature, what are the most relevant conceptions about Algebra, teaching methodologies, the low performance in external assessments, the current difficulties in basic education, the guiding guidelines for the teaching of Algebra in Brazil, a brief report on blended learning and the trend in the use of communication technologies in schools. Finally, the application GRASPABLE MATH (GM) was presented, which aims to assist in the teaching-learning process in Algebra and encourage the use of digital resources in Mathematics classes, as well as a step-by-step guide for the use of GM and use propositions of this app for teaching Algebra.
The understanding that we have about the current school is that there have been no major changes for decades, especially regarding the teaching format, which is predominantly based on classrooms arranged in rows and the teacher as a transmitter of knowledge. On the other hand, our students, who were born immersed in a digital world, with quick and easy access to thousands of information, do not find great motivations in current teaching, particularly in the teaching of Mathematics. Learning mathematics, especially Algebra, can be frustrating and sometimes quite difficult, there are many rules to memorize, procedures to write and follow. The quick and easy access to information, promoted by the rapid technological advance, brought a new challenge, as we no longer need to worry about storing knowledge, but thinking about how to build and connect it all. We need to consider that access to information has become faster and students are increasingly protagonists of their learning, as new technologies and social media are promoting a true revolution in the world. In schools, in general, there was a break in the barriers of resistance to the use of technological resources, whether through digital books, video classes, use of cell phones, TVs, digital whiteboards, wireless internet access (wifi) among others. We can say that, little by little, the 21st century is coming to schools and making it possible to get closer to the reality of the student. In this new teaching approach, alternatives can be found through new experiences, which aim to improve the teaching-learning process. In this sense, this work sought to investigate, through the literature, what are the most relevant conceptions about Algebra, teaching methodologies, the low performance in external assessments, the current difficulties in basic education, the guiding guidelines for the teaching of Algebra in Brazil, a brief report on blended learning and the trend in the use of communication technologies in schools. Finally, the application GRASPABLE MATH (GM) was presented, which aims to assist in the teaching-learning process in Algebra and encourage the use of digital resources in Mathematics classes, as well as a step-by-step guide for the use of GM and use propositions of this app for teaching Algebra.
Descrição
Citação
SOUSA, Diogo Ferreira de. Plataforma digital Graspable: proposições para o ensino de álgebra na educação básica. 2022. 94 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional) – Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, 2022.