A utilização do diesel verde como um novo combustível de origem renovável
Data
2024-09-12
Autores
Santos, Stefhany Taina Souza 
Orientadores
Barbosa, Lúcio Leonel
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Com os avanços tecnológicos e o aumento das atividades industriais, a demanda por energia tem crescido continuamente. Em 2023, aproximadamente 84% da energia produzida no Brasil era gerada de fontes fósseis, enquanto cerca de 15% provinham de fontes renováveis. Entre os combustíveis fósseis, o óleo diesel destaca-se como um dos mais utilizados, sendo essencial para o desenvolvimento econômico do país. No entanto, seu consumo gera preocupações ambientais e de saúde pública. Para mitigar as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, foi implementada a legislação que estabelece a mistura de biodiesel ao diesel comercializado. Embora o biodiesel seja uma alternativa viável devido à sua matéria-prima renovável e menor emissão de poluentes, ele ainda enfrenta desafios como menor estabilidade oxidativa e comportamento físico-químico em baixas temperaturas, o que pode levar à degradação durante o armazenamento. Além disso, a mistura do biodiesel com o diesel facilita a adulteração. Nesse contexto, o diesel verde surge como uma solução inovadora, combinando eficiência energética e sustentabilidade ambiental. Produzido a partir de fontes renováveis, como óleos vegetais (óleo de soja, milho, canola) e resíduos orgânicos (como restos de alimentos e gordura animal), o diesel verde oferece alta compatibilidade com motores convencionais, desempenho semelhante ao diesel fóssil e uma pegada de carbono significativamente menor. Este estudo analisa comparativamente o diesel comum, o biodiesel e o diesel verde, explorando suas características, desafios e vantagens. Conclui-se que o diesel verde possui potencial para substituir gradualmente os combustíveis fósseis, promovendo uma transição para um futuro energético mais sustentável. Além disso, a transição para combustíveis renováveis, como o diesel verde, está diretamente alinhada com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) estabelecidos pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU). Em particular, o diesel verde contribui para o ODS 7 (Energia Limpa e Acessível), ao promover o uso de fontes de energia renováveis, e o ODS 13 (Ação contra a Mudança Global do Clima), ao reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa. Ao incentivar o desenvolvimento de tecnologias mais limpas e sustentáveis, o uso do diesel verde também apoia o ODS 9 (Indústria, Inovação e Infraestrutura), reforçando a importância de inovações tecnológicas e políticas públicas, como incentivo fiscal, que favoreçam um crescimento econômico mais sustentável e inclusivo.
With technological advancements and the increase in industrial activities, the demand for energy has been continuously growing. In 2023, approximately 84% of the energy produced in Brazil was generated from fossil fuels, while around 15% came from renewable sources. Among fossil fuels, diesel stands out as one of the most widely used, being essential for the country's economic development. However, its consumption raises environmental and public health concerns. To mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, legislation was implemented to mandate the blending of biodiesel with commercially sold diesel. Although biodiesel is a viable alternative due to its renewable raw materials and lower pollutant emissions, it still faces challenges such as lower oxidative stability and altered physicochemical behavior at low temperatures, which can lead to degradation during storage. Additionally, the mixture of biodiesel with diesel facilitates adulteration. In this context, green diesel emerges as an innovative solution, combining energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. Produced from renewable sources such as vegetable oils (soybean, corn, and canola oil) and organic waste (such as food scraps and animal fat) through advanced processes, green diesel offers high compatibility with conventional diesel engines, performance similar to fossil diesel, and a significantly lower carbon footprint. This study provides a comparative analysis of conventional diesel, biodiesel, and green diesel, exploring their characteristics, challenges, and advantages. It concludes that green diesel has the potential to gradually replace fossil fuels, promoting a transition to a more sustainable energy future. Additionally, the transition to renewable fuels, such as green diesel, is directly aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN). In particular, green diesel contributes to SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) by promoting the use of renewable energy sources and to SDG 13 (Climate Action) by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By encouraging the development of cleaner, more sustainable technologies, the use of green diesel also supports SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), reinforcing the importance of technological innovations and public policies, such as tax incentives, that promote more sustainable and inclusive economic growth.
With technological advancements and the increase in industrial activities, the demand for energy has been continuously growing. In 2023, approximately 84% of the energy produced in Brazil was generated from fossil fuels, while around 15% came from renewable sources. Among fossil fuels, diesel stands out as one of the most widely used, being essential for the country's economic development. However, its consumption raises environmental and public health concerns. To mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, legislation was implemented to mandate the blending of biodiesel with commercially sold diesel. Although biodiesel is a viable alternative due to its renewable raw materials and lower pollutant emissions, it still faces challenges such as lower oxidative stability and altered physicochemical behavior at low temperatures, which can lead to degradation during storage. Additionally, the mixture of biodiesel with diesel facilitates adulteration. In this context, green diesel emerges as an innovative solution, combining energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. Produced from renewable sources such as vegetable oils (soybean, corn, and canola oil) and organic waste (such as food scraps and animal fat) through advanced processes, green diesel offers high compatibility with conventional diesel engines, performance similar to fossil diesel, and a significantly lower carbon footprint. This study provides a comparative analysis of conventional diesel, biodiesel, and green diesel, exploring their characteristics, challenges, and advantages. It concludes that green diesel has the potential to gradually replace fossil fuels, promoting a transition to a more sustainable energy future. Additionally, the transition to renewable fuels, such as green diesel, is directly aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN). In particular, green diesel contributes to SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) by promoting the use of renewable energy sources and to SDG 13 (Climate Action) by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By encouraging the development of cleaner, more sustainable technologies, the use of green diesel also supports SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), reinforcing the importance of technological innovations and public policies, such as tax incentives, that promote more sustainable and inclusive economic growth.
Descrição
Citação
SANTOS, Stefhany Taina Souza. A utilização do diesel verde como um novo combustível de origem renovável. 2024. 66 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Engenharia de Petróleo) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Santos, 2024.