Crês em sonhos? O fantástico e o onírico em Machado de Assis
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Data
2024-02-23
Autores
Souza, Fernanda Alves de [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Philippov , Renata [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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Resumo
Nesta dissertação denominada Crês em sonhos? O fantástico e onírico em Machado de Assis, buscamos trazer uma face do autor ainda pouco estudada se comparada com os estudos dos romances (embora haja estudos pontuais sobre o tema). Em razão disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa busca compreender a construção da narrativa fantástica com foco no onírico, observando como o autor utiliza o sonho como o local de possibilidade dos acontecimentos insólitos. A pesquisa investiga o percurso criativo de alguns contos do autor, que leva o leitor a uma atmosfera de incertezas entre o real e o irreal, criando o suspense na narrativa. Sendo assim, selecionamos cinco contos como corpus para este estudo: "Uma Excursão Milagrosa" (1866), "O Capitão Mendonça"(1870), "A Chinela Turca" (1875),"Entre Santos"(1886), "Um Sonho e Outro Sonho"(1892). Tal escolha se justifica porque neles se apresentam narrativas que possuem como eixo principal o uso do onírico para instaurar o fantástico. Em termos teóricos, recorremos a Filipe Furtado (1980), Remo Ceserani (2006), David Roas (2014) e Rosalba Campra (2008), que, em geral, compreendem o fantástico como uma das possibilidades de desafiar a lógica, a razão e a realidade cotidiana do leitor. Adotamos ainda estudos sobre o medo, como os de H.P. Lovecraft (1927), buscando entender o efeito do suspense na narrativa. Além disso, trabalhamos com os escritos sobre o mundo onírico de Carl Gustav Jung (1946), Freud (1902), Flávio Kothe (1980), Roger Caillois (1978) e os conceitos sobre imaginação e imaginário de Gaston Bachelard (1960) e Gilbert Durand (1993). A partir do prisma metodológico analítico-interpretativo, podemos afirmar que o autor utiliza o clima de suspense para seduzir o leitor a acreditar no universo insólito que está sendo narrado por meio do sonho, deixando-o, muitas vezes, com uma sensação de ambiguidade em
relação aos acontecimentos sobrenaturais e/ou irreais. Além disso, em nossa hipótese de leitura, os contos machadianos trazem elementos do inconsciente coletivo que indicam a
manifestação de medos e inseguranças do sujeito social do período oitocentista. Em suma, analisamos de forma crítica como as experiências vivenciadas pelas personagens
protagonistas podem ser interpretadas como frutos de seus temores e aflições.
In this thesis entitled Do You Believe in Dreams? The Fantastic and the Oneiric in Machado de Assis, we seek to bring forth an aspect of the author that has been relatively understudied when compared to the analysis of his novels (although there are occasional studies on the subject). Therefore, the objective of this research is to comprehend the construction of the fantastic narrative with a focus on the oneiric, observing how the author uses dreams as a space of possibility for extraordinary events. The study investigates the creative path of some of the author's short stories, which lead the reader into an atmosphere of uncertainty between the real and the supernatural or unreal. Consequently, we have selected five short stories as corpora for this study: "Uma Excursão Milagrosa" (1866), "O Capitão Mendonça"(1870), "A Chinela Turca" (1875),"Entre Santos"(1886), and "Um Sonho e Outro Sonho"(1892). This choice is justified because these narratives present the use of the oneiric as their main axis for establishing the fantastic. In theoretical terms, we have referred to Filipe Furtado (1980), Remo Ceserani (2004), David Roas (2014), and Rosalba Campra (2008), who, in general, understand the fantastic as one of the possibilities for challenging logic, reason, and the reader’s everyday reality. We have also adopted studies on fear, such as those by H.P. Lovecraft (1927), in order to understand the effect of suspense in the narrative. Furthermore, we have worked with the writings on the oneiric world by Carl Gustav Jung (1946), Freud (1902), Flávio Kothe (1980), Roger Caillois (1978) as well as the concepts of imagination and the imaginary by Gaston Bachelard (1960) and Gilbert Durand (1964). From an analytical-interpretative methodological perspective, we can affirm that the author employs a climate of suspense to entice the reader to believe in the extraordinary universe that is being narrated through dreams, often leaving them with a sense of ambiguity regarding supernatural and/or unreal events. Moreover, in our reading hypothesis, Machado's short stories bring elements of the collective unconscious that indicate the manifestation of fears and uncertainties of the social subject during the nineteenth century. In summary, we critically analyze how the experiences lived by the protagonists can be interpreted as the results of their fears and anxieties.
In this thesis entitled Do You Believe in Dreams? The Fantastic and the Oneiric in Machado de Assis, we seek to bring forth an aspect of the author that has been relatively understudied when compared to the analysis of his novels (although there are occasional studies on the subject). Therefore, the objective of this research is to comprehend the construction of the fantastic narrative with a focus on the oneiric, observing how the author uses dreams as a space of possibility for extraordinary events. The study investigates the creative path of some of the author's short stories, which lead the reader into an atmosphere of uncertainty between the real and the supernatural or unreal. Consequently, we have selected five short stories as corpora for this study: "Uma Excursão Milagrosa" (1866), "O Capitão Mendonça"(1870), "A Chinela Turca" (1875),"Entre Santos"(1886), and "Um Sonho e Outro Sonho"(1892). This choice is justified because these narratives present the use of the oneiric as their main axis for establishing the fantastic. In theoretical terms, we have referred to Filipe Furtado (1980), Remo Ceserani (2004), David Roas (2014), and Rosalba Campra (2008), who, in general, understand the fantastic as one of the possibilities for challenging logic, reason, and the reader’s everyday reality. We have also adopted studies on fear, such as those by H.P. Lovecraft (1927), in order to understand the effect of suspense in the narrative. Furthermore, we have worked with the writings on the oneiric world by Carl Gustav Jung (1946), Freud (1902), Flávio Kothe (1980), Roger Caillois (1978) as well as the concepts of imagination and the imaginary by Gaston Bachelard (1960) and Gilbert Durand (1964). From an analytical-interpretative methodological perspective, we can affirm that the author employs a climate of suspense to entice the reader to believe in the extraordinary universe that is being narrated through dreams, often leaving them with a sense of ambiguity regarding supernatural and/or unreal events. Moreover, in our reading hypothesis, Machado's short stories bring elements of the collective unconscious that indicate the manifestation of fears and uncertainties of the social subject during the nineteenth century. In summary, we critically analyze how the experiences lived by the protagonists can be interpreted as the results of their fears and anxieties.