Microbiota intestinal e câncer de colorretal: O papel da disbiose e a influência dos probióticos e pósbióticos na prevenção e tratamento
Data
2023-07-11
Autores
Acras, Nathalia dos Santos 
Orientadores
Pereira, Claudia Cristina Alves
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O câncer colorretal é uma condição em que células anormais crescem desordenadamente no intestino, e fatores como alimentação e microbiota intestinal podem influenciar seu desenvolvimento.
A microbiota intestinal desempenha funções importantes na saúde, como a digestão, proteção da barreira intestinal e o fortalecimento do sistema imunológico. A diversidade microbiana pode ser influenciada por fatores como o tipo de parto e a alimentação, e o desequilíbrio da microbiota (disbiose) está associado ao câncer colorretal. A influência dos probióticos e posbióticos está relacionada com prevenção e tratamento da doença.
Alguns microrganismos, como o Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis e Escherichia coli, estão relacionados ao desenvolvimento e progressão do câncer colorretal. A presença dessas bactérias em tecidos tumorais indica maior agressividade da doença. A disbiose intestinal também está associada à inflamação e ao desequilíbrio do sistema imunológico.
Os probióticos são microrganismos vivos que, quando administrados em quantidades adequadas, conferem benefícios à saúde. Eles podem modular a microbiota intestinal, prevenir a colonização de bactérias patogênicas e produzir substâncias que inibem o crescimento de patógenos. Estudos mostram que a suplementação de probióticos pode ajudar na prevenção e tratamento do câncer colorretal, ao reduzir efeitos colaterais do tratamento, inibir a proliferação de células cancerígenas e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Os posbióticos, por sua vez, são compostos derivados de microrganismos, como metabólitos e componentes celulares, que também podem exercer efeitos benéficos para a saúde humana. Alguns posbióticos apresentam atividade antitumoral, que induzem apoptose e inibem a proliferação de células cancerígenas. Além disso, eles podem reduzir a inflamação, fortalecer a barreira intestinal e exercer atividade antioxidante.
Assim, a modulação da microbiota intestinal por meio de probióticos e posbióticos apresenta potencial na prevenção e tratamento do câncer colorretal. Tais suplementos podem melhorar o equilíbrio da microbiota intestinal, reduzir a inflamação, inibir a proliferação de células cancerígenas e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para aprofundar o conhecimento nessa área e identificar as cepas e quantidades adequadas de microrganismos para obter os efeitos desejados.
Colorectal cancer is a condition in which abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the intestine, and factors such as diet and intestinal microbiota can influence its development. The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in health, such as digestion, protection of the intestinal barrier, and strengthening the immune system. Microbial diversity can be influenced by factors like birth method and diet, and an imbalance in the microbiota (dysbiosis) is associated with colorectal cancer. The influence of probiotics and postbiotics is related to the prevention and treatment of the disease. Some microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli, are linked to the development and progression of colorectal cancer. The presence of these bacteria in tumor tissues indicates a more aggressive disease. Intestinal dysbiosis is also associated with inflammation and immune system imbalance. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, provide health benefits. They can modulate the intestinal microbiota, prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria, and produce substances that inhibit the growth of pathogens. Studies show that probiotic supplementation can help in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer by reducing treatment side effects, inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, and improving the quality of life for patients. Postbiotics, on the other hand, are compounds derived from microorganisms, such as metabolites and cellular components, which can also have beneficial effects on human health. Some postbiotics have anti-tumor activity, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. Additionally, they can reduce inflammation, strengthen the intestinal barrier, and exhibit antioxidant activity. Thus, the modulation of the intestinal microbiota through probiotics and postbiotics has potential in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Such supplements can improve the balance of the intestinal microbiota, reduce inflammation, inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, and enhance the quality of life for patients. However, further research is needed to deepen our knowledge in this area and identify the appropriate strains and quantities of microorganisms to achieve the desired effects.
Colorectal cancer is a condition in which abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the intestine, and factors such as diet and intestinal microbiota can influence its development. The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in health, such as digestion, protection of the intestinal barrier, and strengthening the immune system. Microbial diversity can be influenced by factors like birth method and diet, and an imbalance in the microbiota (dysbiosis) is associated with colorectal cancer. The influence of probiotics and postbiotics is related to the prevention and treatment of the disease. Some microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli, are linked to the development and progression of colorectal cancer. The presence of these bacteria in tumor tissues indicates a more aggressive disease. Intestinal dysbiosis is also associated with inflammation and immune system imbalance. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, provide health benefits. They can modulate the intestinal microbiota, prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria, and produce substances that inhibit the growth of pathogens. Studies show that probiotic supplementation can help in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer by reducing treatment side effects, inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, and improving the quality of life for patients. Postbiotics, on the other hand, are compounds derived from microorganisms, such as metabolites and cellular components, which can also have beneficial effects on human health. Some postbiotics have anti-tumor activity, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. Additionally, they can reduce inflammation, strengthen the intestinal barrier, and exhibit antioxidant activity. Thus, the modulation of the intestinal microbiota through probiotics and postbiotics has potential in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Such supplements can improve the balance of the intestinal microbiota, reduce inflammation, inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, and enhance the quality of life for patients. However, further research is needed to deepen our knowledge in this area and identify the appropriate strains and quantities of microorganisms to achieve the desired effects.
Descrição
Citação
ACRAS, Nathalia dos Santos. Microbiota intestinal e câncer de colorretal: O papel da disbiose e a influência dos probióticos e pósbióticos na prevenção e tratamento. 2023. 19 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Nutrição) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2023.