Produção, caracterização e aplicações de carvões ativados de resíduo de biomassa de levedura de processos fermentativos industriais
Data
2021-01-28
Autores
Santos, Mikaela Silva dos 
Orientadores
Araújo, Geórgia Christina Labuto
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Carvões ativados são materiais carbonosos, com uma estrutura microporosa interna bem desenvolvida, além da presença de um amplo espectro de grupos funcionais de superfície, podendo agir como suportes adsorventes ou como catalisadores heterogêneos. Diferentes materiais orgânicos têm sido utilizados para a produção de carvão ativado, embora nem todos sejam economicamente viáveis. A possibilidade de conversão de biomassa de levedura, após a extração de -glucano, proveniente do processo de produção de álcool, em carvão ativado pode originar um novo destino para este material, agregando valor comercial ao mesmo. Alternativas e o desenvolvimento de materiais de baixo custo para a remoção de contaminantes presentes em meio aquoso são uma necessidade premente. O presente trabalho avaliou a remoção de cafeína e ibuprofeno presentes em meio aquoso empregando-se carvão ativado obtido a partir de biomassa de resíduo de levedura após a extração de -glucano, onde obteve-se resultados satisfatórios desses contaminantes. Além disso, os materiais obtidos também foram aplicados com sucesso como catalisador em um processo de produção de solketal sem solvente e a série modificada de carvões ativados apresentou desempenho catalítico acima da média, atingindo conversão de glicerol de até 91% (TOF de 215 h-1) com 97% de seletividade para solketal, bem como estabilidade química de superfície em corridas catalíticas consecutivas.
Activated carbons are carbonaceous materials, with a well-developed internal microporous structure, in addition to the presence of a wide spectrum of functional surface groups, which can act as adsorbent supports or as heterogeneous catalysts. Different organic materials have been used to produce activated carbon, although not all are economically viable. The possibility of converting yeast biomass, after the extraction of -glucan, from the alcohol production process, into activated carbon can originate a new destination for this material, adding commercial value to it. Alternatives and the development of low-cost materials for the removal of contaminants present in aqueous media are a pressing need. The present work evaluated the removal of caffeine and ibuprofen present in aqueous medium using activated carbon obtained from biomass of yeast residue after the extraction of -glucan, where satisfactory results of these contaminants were obtained. In addition, the materials obtained were also successfully applied as a catalyst in a solvent-free solketal production process and the modified series of activated carbons showed above-average catalytic performance, reaching glycerol conversion of up to 91% (TOF of 215 h- 1) with 97% selectivity for solketal, as well as surface chemical stability in consecutive catalytic runs.
Activated carbons are carbonaceous materials, with a well-developed internal microporous structure, in addition to the presence of a wide spectrum of functional surface groups, which can act as adsorbent supports or as heterogeneous catalysts. Different organic materials have been used to produce activated carbon, although not all are economically viable. The possibility of converting yeast biomass, after the extraction of -glucan, from the alcohol production process, into activated carbon can originate a new destination for this material, adding commercial value to it. Alternatives and the development of low-cost materials for the removal of contaminants present in aqueous media are a pressing need. The present work evaluated the removal of caffeine and ibuprofen present in aqueous medium using activated carbon obtained from biomass of yeast residue after the extraction of -glucan, where satisfactory results of these contaminants were obtained. In addition, the materials obtained were also successfully applied as a catalyst in a solvent-free solketal production process and the modified series of activated carbons showed above-average catalytic performance, reaching glycerol conversion of up to 91% (TOF of 215 h- 1) with 97% selectivity for solketal, as well as surface chemical stability in consecutive catalytic runs.