Desenvolvimento de método analítico para a identificação de metanol em etanol combustível
Data
2021-12-15
Autores
Paula, Caroline Fernanda de 
Orientadores
Gonçalves, Norberto Sanches
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Devido às crises no mercado petroleiro e a crescente preocupação com o meio ambiente, os biocombustíveis, mais precisamente o etanol, ganhou espaço no mercado de combustíveis, sendo uma alternativa menos poluidora e renovável. O etanol começou sendo misturado a gasolina em porções pequenas, mas depois passou a ser utilizado puro, como alternativa a gasolina. Este combustível é produzido industrialmente a partir da fermentação de cana-de-açúcar. Um levantamento feito pela ANP mostrou que o índice de adulteração de etanol vem crescendo nos últimos anos. Os adulterantes mais comuns são água e metanol. Existe uma lei regulamentada pela ANP que determina 0.5% v/v como limite máximo de metanol que pode conter no etanol e para avaliar essa adulteração, a ANP determina GCMS como método oficial. Porém, este método é muito caro, demorado e necessita de um grande conhecimento para ser manuseado. Este trabalho tem como finalidade desenvolver um método mais rápido e barato de realizar essa determinação. O método escolhido foi o de determinação através de infravermelho, que é capaz de diferenciar o etanol do metanol através de seus espectros. Também foi incluído um estudo adicional com a espectroscopia Raman. Os métodos espectroscópicos são mais baratos, rápidos, simples e tão eficientes quando à metodologia por cromatografia gasosa.
Due to the crises in the petroleum market and the growing concern with the environment, biofuels, more precisely ethanol, gained ground in the fuel market, being a less polluting and renewable alternative. Ethanol began by being mixed with gasoline in small portions, but later it was used pure, as an alternative to gasoline. This fuel is industrially produced from the fermentation of sugar cane. A survey carried out by the ANP showed that the ethanol adulteration rate has been growing in recent years. The most common adulterants are water and methanol. There is a law regulated by the ANP that determines 0.5% v/v as the maximum limit of methanol that can be contained in ethanol and to evaluate this adulteration, the ANP determines GCMS as the official method. However, this method is very expensive, time-consuming and requires a great deal of knowledge to be handled. This work aims to develop a faster and cheaper method to carry out this determination. The method chosen was the infrared determination, which is able to differentiate ethanol from methanol through its spectra. And an additional study with Raman spectroscopy. The spectroscopic methods are cheaper, faster, simpler and just as efficient as the gas chromatography methodology.
Due to the crises in the petroleum market and the growing concern with the environment, biofuels, more precisely ethanol, gained ground in the fuel market, being a less polluting and renewable alternative. Ethanol began by being mixed with gasoline in small portions, but later it was used pure, as an alternative to gasoline. This fuel is industrially produced from the fermentation of sugar cane. A survey carried out by the ANP showed that the ethanol adulteration rate has been growing in recent years. The most common adulterants are water and methanol. There is a law regulated by the ANP that determines 0.5% v/v as the maximum limit of methanol that can be contained in ethanol and to evaluate this adulteration, the ANP determines GCMS as the official method. However, this method is very expensive, time-consuming and requires a great deal of knowledge to be handled. This work aims to develop a faster and cheaper method to carry out this determination. The method chosen was the infrared determination, which is able to differentiate ethanol from methanol through its spectra. And an additional study with Raman spectroscopy. The spectroscopic methods are cheaper, faster, simpler and just as efficient as the gas chromatography methodology.