A contribuição da análise de redes sociais para a compreensão dos vínculos de apoio em saúde e nas mudanças de comportamento alimentar
Arquivos
Data
2009
Autores
Araujo, Mariangela 
Orientadores
Ciconelli, Rozana Mesquita
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A valorização do estudo das relações humanas faz com que a metodologia da análise de redes sociais (ARS) seja uma ferramenta importante a ser utilizada em diversos campos de aplicação e entre eles o da saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a contribuição da ARS de um grupo de estudantes de nutrição para a
compreensão dos vínculos de apoio em saúde existente e nas mudanças de
comportamento alimentar dentro da rede social. Trata-se de um estudo que seguiu o
método observacional, com pesquisa do tipo exploratório-descritiva de corte transversal. A
população foi de 41 estudantes, aptos a colarem grau do curso de graduação em Nutrição
de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) particular, de Guarulhos (SP). Foram
analisados ainda os dados dos familiares e amigos de cada estudante, totalizando 463
informações mediante a aplicação de um protocolo elaborado pela pesquisadora. Utilizouse
o índice de massa corporal (IMC) para avaliação do estado nutricional. Os resultados
foram obtidos do software UCINET 6 – Social Network Analysis Software e a análise da
ferramenta Netdraw – (Graf Visualization Software). Este estudo teve a aprovação do
comitê de ética e pesquisa da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) sob número
2051 do ano de 2007. Verificamos a presenças de vínculos bidirecionais entre os homens
e entre as mulheres com mais idade no grupo.Com referência ao estado nutricional,
verificou-se ao término do curso uma diminuição dos estudantes classificados como
eutróficos e um aumento no número dos classificados como pré-obeso. Os atores de
maior centralidade foram os estudantes de nº 16 e nº 29 e o que obteve o maior grau de
intermediação na rede foi o estudante nº 40. Mudanças positivas no seu próprio
comportamento alimentar foi relatado por 53,2% dos estudantes. Na avaliação de qual
instituição o estudante considera que recebe mais apoio, quando o assunto é sua saúde,
a escola, representada pela IES a qual pertencem foi a mais citada (33,3%) seguida do
apoio dado por Planos ou Seguros de Saúde particular (16,7%). Os estudantes
influenciaram positivamente o comportamento alimentar de seus filhos mais velhos
(87,5%), posteriormente o das suas mães (58,3%) e seus cônjuges (58,3%). As mães e
os cônjuges e/ou namorados (as) apareceram como as primeiras pessoas citadas como
sendo a(s) pessoa(s) de seu convívio familiar que mais fornecem apoio quando o assunto
é a saúde destes estudantes. Pudemos observar que muitos familiares ou amigos de
quem os estudantes percebem receber apoio poderiam também ser alvos de intervenções
dietoterápicas, uma vez que muitos destes se encontram com seu estado nutricional não
saudável. Tal constatação nos faz acreditar que no tratamento clínico dietoterápico o
insucesso muitas vezes observado pode ser fruto da não percepção, pelos profissionais
de saúde envolvidos no tratamento das demais questões além da patologia que envolve o
paciente, tais como as influências que ele recebe de seu convívio social. Propõe-se que
tais intervenções pudessem apresentar melhores desfechos se houver o envolvimento
das pessoas consideradas importantes para o paciente no seu tratamento, ou até mesmo
quando os familiares que também necessitam do mesmo tratamento também aderissem a
uma intervenção desencadeando um efeito cascata intrafamiliar positivo. Torna-se,
portanto indispensável que nas intervenções dietoterápicas assim como no planejamento
de programas educativos que visem à melhoria do estado nutricional mediante uma
alimentação saudável, realizemos um aprofundamento do conhecimento dos elementos
sociais, particularmente analisando suas redes sociais, suas interações e contribuições
nos comportamentos alimentares dos indivíduos e, conseqüentemente na sua saúde.
The valuation of the study of the relations human beings make with that the methodology of the analysis of social nets (ARS) either a tool important to be used in diverse fields of application and between them of the health. This study it had as objective to inside analyze the contribution of the ARS of a group of students of nutrition for the understanding of the bonds of support in existing health and the changes of alimentary behavior of the social net. One is about a study that followed the observacional method, with research of the exploratório-descriptive type of transversal cut. The population was of 41 students, apt glue degree of the course of graduation in Nutrition of an Institution of Ensino Superior (IES) particular, of Guarulhos (SP). The friend and data of familiar of each student had been analyzed still, totalizing 463 information by means of the application of a protocol elaborated for the researcher. The index of corporal mass (IMC) for evaluation of the nutricional state was used. The results had been gotten of software UCINET 6 - Social Network Analysis Software and the analysis of the Netdraw tool - (Graf Visualization Software). This study it had the approval of the ethics committee and research of the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) under number 2051 of the year of 2007. We verify the presences of bidirectional bonds between the men and enters the women with more age in the group. Regarding to the nutricional state, it was verified the ending of the course a reduction of the classified students as eutróficos and an increase in the number of the classified ones as daily pay-obeso. The actors of bigger centralidade had been the students of nº 16 and nº 29 and what it got the biggest degree of intermediação in the net was the student nº 40. Positive changes in its proper alimentary behavior were told by 53,2% of the students. In the evaluation of which institution the student considers that it receives more support, when the subject is its health, the school, represented for the IES which belongs was cited (33.3%) followed of the support given for Plans or Insurances of particular Health (16.7%). The students had positively influenced the alimentary behavior of its older children (87.5%), later of its mothers (58.3%) and its spouses (58.3%). The mothers and the spouses and/or boyfriends had appeared as the first cited people as being(s) the person(s) of its familiar conviviality who more supply to support when the subject it is the health of these students. We could observe that many familiar or friends of who the students perceive to receive support could also be white of dietoterápicas interventions, a time that many of these if find with its not healthful nutricional state. Such constatação makes in them to believe that in the dietoterápico clinical treatment failure many times observed can be fruit of not the perception, for the involved professionals of health in the treatment of the too much questions beyond the pathology that involves the patient, such as the influences that it receives from its social conviviality. It is considered that such interventions could present better outcomes will have the envolvement of the people considered important for the patient in its treatment, or even though when familiar that also they need the same the treatment also adhered to an intervention unchaining a positive effect intrafamiliar cascade. One becomes consequently, therefore indispensable that in the nutrition interventions as well as in the planning of educative programs that they aim at to the improvement of the nutricional state by means of a healthful feeding, let us carry through a deepening of the knowledge of the social elements, particularly analyzing its social nets, its interactions and contributions in the alimentary behaviors of the individuals and, in its health.
The valuation of the study of the relations human beings make with that the methodology of the analysis of social nets (ARS) either a tool important to be used in diverse fields of application and between them of the health. This study it had as objective to inside analyze the contribution of the ARS of a group of students of nutrition for the understanding of the bonds of support in existing health and the changes of alimentary behavior of the social net. One is about a study that followed the observacional method, with research of the exploratório-descriptive type of transversal cut. The population was of 41 students, apt glue degree of the course of graduation in Nutrition of an Institution of Ensino Superior (IES) particular, of Guarulhos (SP). The friend and data of familiar of each student had been analyzed still, totalizing 463 information by means of the application of a protocol elaborated for the researcher. The index of corporal mass (IMC) for evaluation of the nutricional state was used. The results had been gotten of software UCINET 6 - Social Network Analysis Software and the analysis of the Netdraw tool - (Graf Visualization Software). This study it had the approval of the ethics committee and research of the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) under number 2051 of the year of 2007. We verify the presences of bidirectional bonds between the men and enters the women with more age in the group. Regarding to the nutricional state, it was verified the ending of the course a reduction of the classified students as eutróficos and an increase in the number of the classified ones as daily pay-obeso. The actors of bigger centralidade had been the students of nº 16 and nº 29 and what it got the biggest degree of intermediação in the net was the student nº 40. Positive changes in its proper alimentary behavior were told by 53,2% of the students. In the evaluation of which institution the student considers that it receives more support, when the subject is its health, the school, represented for the IES which belongs was cited (33.3%) followed of the support given for Plans or Insurances of particular Health (16.7%). The students had positively influenced the alimentary behavior of its older children (87.5%), later of its mothers (58.3%) and its spouses (58.3%). The mothers and the spouses and/or boyfriends had appeared as the first cited people as being(s) the person(s) of its familiar conviviality who more supply to support when the subject it is the health of these students. We could observe that many familiar or friends of who the students perceive to receive support could also be white of dietoterápicas interventions, a time that many of these if find with its not healthful nutricional state. Such constatação makes in them to believe that in the dietoterápico clinical treatment failure many times observed can be fruit of not the perception, for the involved professionals of health in the treatment of the too much questions beyond the pathology that involves the patient, such as the influences that it receives from its social conviviality. It is considered that such interventions could present better outcomes will have the envolvement of the people considered important for the patient in its treatment, or even though when familiar that also they need the same the treatment also adhered to an intervention unchaining a positive effect intrafamiliar cascade. One becomes consequently, therefore indispensable that in the nutrition interventions as well as in the planning of educative programs that they aim at to the improvement of the nutricional state by means of a healthful feeding, let us carry through a deepening of the knowledge of the social elements, particularly analyzing its social nets, its interactions and contributions in the alimentary behaviors of the individuals and, in its health.
Descrição
Citação
ARAUJO, Mariangela. A contribuição da análise de redes sociais para a compreensão dos vínculos de apoio em saúde e nas mudanças de comportamento alimentar. 2009. 108 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia da Saúde) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2009.