Avaliação da qualidade de vida de mulheres com diferentes tipos de incontinência urinária
Data
2024-05-22
Autores
Santos, Maíra Oshiro dos 
Orientadores
Almeida, Fernando Gonçalves
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: a incontinência urinária (IU) é definida como a perda involuntária de urina. Os subtipos mais descritos na literatura são: incontinência urinária por esforço (IUE), que é a perda de urina decorrente de esforço físico, tosse, espirro; a incontinência urinária de urgência (IUU), que é perda de urina precedida por uma urgência miccional; e a incontinência urinária mista (IUM), que é aquela que ocorre tanto por esforço como por urgência miccional. A IU tem um importante impacto na qualidade de vida (QV) das mulheres, à medida que perder urina altera, negativamente, a rotina das portadoras desta condição. É consenso que a perda de urina pode ser prejudicial à autoestima, pois é causa de isolamento social, e que afeta essas mulheres psicologicamente, socialmente, fisicamente, economicamente, sexualmente e em suas relações interpessoais. Objetivo: avaliar o impacto da IU sobre a QV de mulheres com diferentes subtipos de IU. Material: estudo de caso-controle, oriundo de um banco de dados. Foram avaliadas 442 mulheres com IU e 137 mulheres sem IU. Através da utilização de métodos diagnósticos diferentes, as mulheres com IU foram divididas em dois subgrupos: questionários de autorrelatos e experiência da equipe médica. Os questionários (autorrelatos) utilizados para classificar o subtipo de IU e o grau de severidade foram o OAB-q (Questionnaire Overactive Bladder) e o ICIQ-SF (Incontinence Questionnarie - Short Form). O instrumento utilizado para avaliar a qualidade de vida foi o World Health Organization Quality of Life Abbreviated (WHOQOL-bref), dividido em quatro domínios e mais duas questões de QV geral. Associou-se o teste do absorvente de uma hora com o objetivo de avaliar o grau de severidade da IU. Resultados: no diagnóstico dos questionários, as médias do WHOQOL-bref no domínio físico foram 55,1 para IUU e 57,6 para IUM, médias inferiores às das pacientes diagnosticadas com IUE (65,3) e o grupo controle 66 (p< 0,001). Achado semelhante ao domínio psicológico, no qual o grupo controle 68,4 e IUE 65,7 foram superiores a IUM 60,3 (p<0,001). No diagnóstico médico, o domínio físico foi 66 no grupo controle e 60,7 para IUE, médias superiores a IUU 53 e IUM 58,1 (p<0,001). Em relação aos outros domínios, o grupo controle foi superior nos dois métodos diagnósticos. Não foi possível identificar, neste estudo, a correlação entre a severidade da IU com a piora da QV. Conclusão: mulheres com IU tem impacto significativo sobre a QV independentemente da severidade. As mulheres com IUU e IUM parecem apresentar maior impacto na QV, do que mulheres com IUE.
Introduction: urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as the involuntary loss of urine. The subtypes most described in the literature are: stress urinary incontinence (SUI): which is the loss of urine resulting from physical exertion, coughing, or sneezing: urgency urinary incontinence (UUI): which is the loss of urine preceded by an urgency to urinate: and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI): which occurs due to both effort and urinary urgency. UI has a significant impact on women's quality of life (QoL), as losing urine negatively alters the routine of those with this condition. There is a consensus that urine loss can harm to self-esteem, cause social isolation, and affect these women psychologically, socially, physically, economically, sexually and in their interpersonal relationships. Objective: to evaluate the impact of UI on the quality of life of women with different subtypes of UI. Material: case-control study, utilizing a database. 442 women with UI and 137 women without UI were evaluated. Through the use of different diagnostic methods, women with UI were divided into two subgroups: self-report questionnaires and medical team diagnosis. The questionnaires (self-reports) used to classify the UI subtype and the degree of severity were the OAB-q (Questionnaire Overactive Bladder) and the ICIQ-SF (Incontinence Questionnarie - Short Form). The instrument used to assess quality of life was the World Health Organization Quality of Life Abbreviated (WHOQOL-bref), divided into 4 domains and 2 more general QoL questions. The one-hour pad test was associated with the objective of evaluating the degree of severity of the UI. Results: in the diagnosis using questionnaires, the mean WHOQOL-bref scores in the physical domain were 55.1 for UUI and 57.6 for MUI, means lower than those of patients diagnosed with SUI 65.3 and the control group 66 (p < 0.001). A similar finding was observed in the psychological domain, which the control group 68.4 and IUE 65.7 were higher than IUM 60.3 (p<0.001). In the medical diagnosis, the mean scores in the physical domain was 66 in the control group and 60.7 for SUI, means higher than IUU 53 and IUM 58.1 (p<0.001). In relation to the other domains, the control group performed superiorly in both diagnostic methods. This study did not identify a correlation between the severity of UI and the worsening of QoL. Conclusion: women with UI experience a significant impact on QoL regardless of severity. Women with UUI and MUI seem to have a greater impact on QoL than women with SUI.
Introduction: urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as the involuntary loss of urine. The subtypes most described in the literature are: stress urinary incontinence (SUI): which is the loss of urine resulting from physical exertion, coughing, or sneezing: urgency urinary incontinence (UUI): which is the loss of urine preceded by an urgency to urinate: and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI): which occurs due to both effort and urinary urgency. UI has a significant impact on women's quality of life (QoL), as losing urine negatively alters the routine of those with this condition. There is a consensus that urine loss can harm to self-esteem, cause social isolation, and affect these women psychologically, socially, physically, economically, sexually and in their interpersonal relationships. Objective: to evaluate the impact of UI on the quality of life of women with different subtypes of UI. Material: case-control study, utilizing a database. 442 women with UI and 137 women without UI were evaluated. Through the use of different diagnostic methods, women with UI were divided into two subgroups: self-report questionnaires and medical team diagnosis. The questionnaires (self-reports) used to classify the UI subtype and the degree of severity were the OAB-q (Questionnaire Overactive Bladder) and the ICIQ-SF (Incontinence Questionnarie - Short Form). The instrument used to assess quality of life was the World Health Organization Quality of Life Abbreviated (WHOQOL-bref), divided into 4 domains and 2 more general QoL questions. The one-hour pad test was associated with the objective of evaluating the degree of severity of the UI. Results: in the diagnosis using questionnaires, the mean WHOQOL-bref scores in the physical domain were 55.1 for UUI and 57.6 for MUI, means lower than those of patients diagnosed with SUI 65.3 and the control group 66 (p < 0.001). A similar finding was observed in the psychological domain, which the control group 68.4 and IUE 65.7 were higher than IUM 60.3 (p<0.001). In the medical diagnosis, the mean scores in the physical domain was 66 in the control group and 60.7 for SUI, means higher than IUU 53 and IUM 58.1 (p<0.001). In relation to the other domains, the control group performed superiorly in both diagnostic methods. This study did not identify a correlation between the severity of UI and the worsening of QoL. Conclusion: women with UI experience a significant impact on QoL regardless of severity. Women with UUI and MUI seem to have a greater impact on QoL than women with SUI.
Descrição
Citação
SANTOS, Maíra Oshiro dos. Avaliação da qualidade de vida de mulheres com diferentes tipos de incontinência urinária. 2023. 72 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Medicina Urologia) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2024.