Análise do efeito do treinamento físico e dieta palatável hiperlipídica sobre o sistema serotoninérgico e a neurotrofina BDNF no hipocampo e hipotálamo de ratos obesos
Data
2023-06-29
Autores
Martinuci, Caue Augusto 
Orientadores
Silva, Cristiano Mendes da
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: O aumento do sedentarismo, juntamente com o alto consumo de dietas
desequilibradas, como a dieta ocidental, aumentou a prevalência de obesidade no
mundo. Isso gerou não só impactos metabólicos, mas também transtornos neurológicos
e cognitivos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de um treinamento físico combinado sobre o
sistema serotoninérgico e o fator neurotrófico BDNF no hipocampo e hipotálamo de
ratos obesos, submetidos à dieta palatável hiperlipídica (DHL) ou dieta padrão.
Métodos: Foram utilizados 26 ratos Wistar machos, com idade de 8 semanas. Os
animais foram distribuídos em 5 grupos: Grupo SH – Obesos sedentários dieta palatável
hiperlipídica (n= 5), Grupo SD – Obesos sedentários dieta padrão (n=5), Grupo TH –
Obesos treinados dieta palatável hiperlipídica (n=6), Grupo TD – Obesos treinados dieta
padrão (n=6) e Grupo CC – Controle (n=4). Os animais que passaram por intervenções
receberam a dieta palatável hiperlipídica para indução da obesidade por 20 semanas e o
grupo controle recebeu dieta padrão ao longo do protocolo. Após indução da obesidade,
por 8 semanas os grupos estipulados para a DC retornaram para a dieta comercial
padrão e os grupos DHL continuaram com a mesma dieta utilizada para ganho de peso.
Do mesmo modo os grupos treinamentos passaram por sessões de treinamento diárias
alternadas entre aeróbico e de força e teste comportamental de reconhecimento de
objeto novo para todos os grupos. Após a eutanásia o encéfalo foi extraído e regiões
como hipocampo e hipotálamo passaram pelo procedimento de Western Blotting.
Resultados: O grupo TD teve uma redução significativa de peso em comparação ao
grupo SD. Os grupos que passaram a consumir DC apresentaram uma redução
significativa de adiposidade. O treinamento combinado se mostrou eficaz para estimular
mais comportamentos exploratórios e menos comportamento do tipo ansioso nos
animais. Os grupos treinados apresentaram uma redução na expressão de proBDNF
hipocampal. Já no hipotálamo, os grupos que passaram pela mudança da dieta
apresentaram um aumento na expressão de TPH2 (triptofano hidroxilase 2).
Conclusões: Concluímos que a troca da dieta DHL para DP contribui para uma menor
adiposidade visceral. Ademais, o treinamento diminui comportamentos ansiosos e
estimula comportamentos exploratórios através da redução de proBDNF. Apesar dos
aumentos dos níveis de TPH2 hipotalâmica, não houve redução do consumo alimentar
associado a isto.
Introduction: The increase in sedentary lifestyle, along with the high consumption of unbalanced diets, such as the western diet, has increased the prevalence of obesity in the world. This not only generated metabolic impacts, but also neurological and cognitive disorders. Objective: To evaluate the effects of combined physical training on the serotonergic system and the neurotrophic factor BDNF in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of obese rats submitted to a high-fat palatable diet (DHL) or a standard diet. Methods: Twenty-six male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups: Group SH - Obese sedentary individuals on high-fat palatable diet (n=5), Group SD - Obese sedentary individuals on standard diet (n=5), Group TH - Obese individuals trained on high-fat palatable diet (n=6), Group TD – Trained obese standard diet (n=6) and CC Group – Control (n=4). Animals that underwent surgery received a high-fat palatable diet to induce obesity for 20 weeks, and the control group received a standard diet throughout the protocol. After obesity induction, for 8 weeks the groups stipulated for CD returned to the standard commercial diet and the DHL groups supported with the same diet used for weight gain. In the same way, the training groups underwent daily training sessions alternating between aerobic and strength and a new object recognition behavioral test for all groups. After euthanasia, the brain was extracted and regions such as the hippocampus and hypothalamus underwent the Western Blotting procedure. Results: The TD group had a significant weight reduction compared to the SD group. The groups that underwent DC consumption had a significant reduction in adiposity. Combined training has been shown to be effective in stimulating more exploratory behavior and less anxiety-like behavior in animals. Trained groups received a reduction in hippocampal proBDNF expression. In the hypothalamus, the groups that underwent the change in diet showed an increase in the expression of TPH2 (tryptophan hydroxylase 2). Conclusions: We conclude that changing the DHL diet to PD contributes to lower visceral adiposity. Furthermore, training decreases anxious behaviors and stimulates exploratory behaviors through the reduction of proBDNF. Despite increases in hypothalamic TPH2 levels, there was no associated decrease in food intake.
Introduction: The increase in sedentary lifestyle, along with the high consumption of unbalanced diets, such as the western diet, has increased the prevalence of obesity in the world. This not only generated metabolic impacts, but also neurological and cognitive disorders. Objective: To evaluate the effects of combined physical training on the serotonergic system and the neurotrophic factor BDNF in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of obese rats submitted to a high-fat palatable diet (DHL) or a standard diet. Methods: Twenty-six male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups: Group SH - Obese sedentary individuals on high-fat palatable diet (n=5), Group SD - Obese sedentary individuals on standard diet (n=5), Group TH - Obese individuals trained on high-fat palatable diet (n=6), Group TD – Trained obese standard diet (n=6) and CC Group – Control (n=4). Animals that underwent surgery received a high-fat palatable diet to induce obesity for 20 weeks, and the control group received a standard diet throughout the protocol. After obesity induction, for 8 weeks the groups stipulated for CD returned to the standard commercial diet and the DHL groups supported with the same diet used for weight gain. In the same way, the training groups underwent daily training sessions alternating between aerobic and strength and a new object recognition behavioral test for all groups. After euthanasia, the brain was extracted and regions such as the hippocampus and hypothalamus underwent the Western Blotting procedure. Results: The TD group had a significant weight reduction compared to the SD group. The groups that underwent DC consumption had a significant reduction in adiposity. Combined training has been shown to be effective in stimulating more exploratory behavior and less anxiety-like behavior in animals. Trained groups received a reduction in hippocampal proBDNF expression. In the hypothalamus, the groups that underwent the change in diet showed an increase in the expression of TPH2 (tryptophan hydroxylase 2). Conclusions: We conclude that changing the DHL diet to PD contributes to lower visceral adiposity. Furthermore, training decreases anxious behaviors and stimulates exploratory behaviors through the reduction of proBDNF. Despite increases in hypothalamic TPH2 levels, there was no associated decrease in food intake.
Descrição
Citação
MARTINUCI, Caue Augusto. Análise do efeito do treinamento físico e dieta palatável hiperlipídica sobre o sistema serotoninérgico e a neurotrofina BDNF no hipocampo e hipotálamo de ratos obesos. 2023. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Santos, 2023.