Práticas farmacêuticas no manejo de usuários de profilaxia pré-exposição relacionada ao HIV: uma overview de revisões sistemáticas
Data
2023-12-01
Autores
Teixeira, Mariana Alves 
Orientadores
Silva, Antonio Távora de Albuquerque
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) é uma ameaça global à saúde pública, com milhões de pessoas afetadas em todo o mundo. No entanto, nas últimas décadas, avanços significativos têm sido feitos na prevenção e tratamento do HIV. Um desses avanços é a profilaxia pré-exposição, ou PrEP, uma estratégia que envolve o uso de medicamentos antirretrovirais por pessoas em risco de contrair o HIV. A PrEP demonstrou ser eficiente na redução do risco de infecção pelo HIV, mas, para garantir seu uso seguro e racional, é preciso estabelecer protocolos e diretrizes. Mapear práticas farmacêuticas adequadas no manejo dos usuários da PrEP é fundamental nesse processo. Isso não apenas assegura que os medicamentos sejam administrados de forma adequada, mas também que sejam usados de maneira consistente e sob supervisão clínica. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo, sintetizar os principais achados de revisões sistemáticas sobre práticas farmacêuticas envolvendo o manejo da Profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP). Para tanto, foi empregada a metodologia de "overview de revisões sistemáticas" (OoRs), com busca realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase e Epistemonikos, até 14/03/2023. Com base nas estratégias de busca nas diferentes bases e nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão propostos, apenas 2 artigos foram incluídos para análise neste trabalho de OoRs, onde dentre os estudos selecionados, foi possível identificar práticas realizadas por farmacêuticos para o manejo de usuários da terapia de PrEP, sendo estas: o cuidado farmacêutico, a prescrição farmacêutica, a dispensação, o treinamento de farmacêuticos e o monitoramento da adesão. Os resultados obtidos revelam que as práticas farmacêuticas identificadas contribuem de maneira significativa para o aprimoramento do manejo dos usuários da PrEP e ressaltam a importância de se investir em pesquisas que avaliem a implementação dessas práticas em diferentes contextos e com diversas populações.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) poses a global threat to public health, affecting millions of people worldwide. Nevertheless, significant advancements have been made in the prevention and treatment of HIV in recent decades. One of these breakthroughs is Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, or PrEP, a strategy involving the use of antiretroviral medications by individuals at risk of contracting HIV. PrEP has proven highly effective in reducing the risk of HIV infection. However, to ensure its safe and rational use, it is crucial to establish protocols and guidelines. Mapping appropriate pharmaceutical practices in the management of PrEP users is fundamental in this process. This not only ensures that medications are administered properly but also that they are used consistently and under clinical supervision. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize the main findings of systematic reviews on pharmaceutical practices related to the management of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP). To achieve this, the "overview of systematic reviews" (OoRs) methodology was employed, with searches conducted in the Pubmed, Embase, and Epistemonikos databases up to March 14, 2023. Based on the search strategies in different databases and the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria, only two articles were included for analysis in this OoRs study. Among the selected studies, it was possible to identify practices carried out by pharmacists for the management of PrEP therapy users, including pharmaceutical care, pharmaceutical prescription, dispensing, pharmacist training, and adherence monitoring. The results obtained reveal that the identified pharmaceutical practices significantly contribute to improving the management of PrEP users and emphasize the importance of investing in research to evaluate the implementation of these practices in different contexts and with diverse populations.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) poses a global threat to public health, affecting millions of people worldwide. Nevertheless, significant advancements have been made in the prevention and treatment of HIV in recent decades. One of these breakthroughs is Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, or PrEP, a strategy involving the use of antiretroviral medications by individuals at risk of contracting HIV. PrEP has proven highly effective in reducing the risk of HIV infection. However, to ensure its safe and rational use, it is crucial to establish protocols and guidelines. Mapping appropriate pharmaceutical practices in the management of PrEP users is fundamental in this process. This not only ensures that medications are administered properly but also that they are used consistently and under clinical supervision. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize the main findings of systematic reviews on pharmaceutical practices related to the management of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP). To achieve this, the "overview of systematic reviews" (OoRs) methodology was employed, with searches conducted in the Pubmed, Embase, and Epistemonikos databases up to March 14, 2023. Based on the search strategies in different databases and the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria, only two articles were included for analysis in this OoRs study. Among the selected studies, it was possible to identify practices carried out by pharmacists for the management of PrEP therapy users, including pharmaceutical care, pharmaceutical prescription, dispensing, pharmacist training, and adherence monitoring. The results obtained reveal that the identified pharmaceutical practices significantly contribute to improving the management of PrEP users and emphasize the importance of investing in research to evaluate the implementation of these practices in different contexts and with diverse populations.