Avaliação comparativa das normatizações e dos métodos de análise e remoção para estrogênios em águas superficiais
Data
2021-07-08
Autores
Servilha, Roberta Oliveira 
Orientadores
Moraes, Maria de Lourdes Leite de
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Os estrogênios são hormônios sexuais, de origem natural ou sintética, e que podem afetar o sistema endócrino humano e animal. Entre os estrogênios, chama a atenção o 17-α-etinilestradiol (EE2), que está presente nas pílulas anticoncepcionais e nas terapias de reposição hormonal, e que tem sido frequentemente encontrado em águas superficiais. Os processos executados nas estações de tratamento de água e esgoto não conseguem remover totalmente estes hormônios, que acabam presentes na água a nível de traços, necessitando de técnicas analíticas onerosas para sua análise. Outro problema crítico é à ausência de legislação que forneça limites seguros para o monitoramento de estrogênios, a fim de garantir a qualidade da água. A escolha de metodologias de baixo custo que possam ser empregadas para o monitoramento e a remoção de hormônios em águas superficiais é de interesse das agências ambientais brasileiras. No presente trabalho foi feita uma avaliação crítica das metodologias de análise e remoção empregadas no monitoramento de estrogênios em águas superficiais. Para este proposito serão empregadas a análise bibliográfica e documental. Foi realizada uma análise transversal das estratégias de amostragem, pré-concentração, técnicas de análise e de remoção. A avaliação foi feita em termos de limites de detecção e quantificação, implementação, facilidade de operação, eficiência de remoção e custos, visando contribuir com as necessidades das agências ambientais brasileiras. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a importância e relevância do tema na atualidade, com diferentes técnicas e metodologias sendo estudadas, contribuindo para a discussão da implementação de legislações para o controle dessas substâncias.
Estrogens are sex hormones, of natural or synthetic origin, which can affect the human and animal endocrine system. Among the estrogens, 17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) stands out, which is present in birth control pills and hormone replacement therapies, and which has been frequently found in surface waters. The processes carried out in the water and sewage treatment plants are not able to completely remove these hormones, which end up present in the water at the trace level, requiring costly analytical techniques for their analysis. Another critical problem is the absence of legislation that provides safe limits for estrogen monitoring to ensure water quality. The choice of low-cost methodologies that can be used for the monitoring and removal of hormones in surface water is of interest to Brazilian environmental agencies. In the present work, a critical evaluation of the analysis and removal methodologies used in the monitoring of estrogens in surface water was carried out. For this purpose, bibliographical and documental analysis will be used. A cross-sectional analysis of sampling, pre-concentration, analysis and removal techniques was carried out. The assessment was made in terms of detection and quantification limits, implementation, ease of operation, removal efficiency and costs, aiming to contribute to the needs of Brazilian environmental agencies. The results obtained demonstrate the importance and relevance of the topic today, with different techniques and methodologies being studied, contributing to the discussion of the implementation of legislation for the control of these substances.
Estrogens are sex hormones, of natural or synthetic origin, which can affect the human and animal endocrine system. Among the estrogens, 17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) stands out, which is present in birth control pills and hormone replacement therapies, and which has been frequently found in surface waters. The processes carried out in the water and sewage treatment plants are not able to completely remove these hormones, which end up present in the water at the trace level, requiring costly analytical techniques for their analysis. Another critical problem is the absence of legislation that provides safe limits for estrogen monitoring to ensure water quality. The choice of low-cost methodologies that can be used for the monitoring and removal of hormones in surface water is of interest to Brazilian environmental agencies. In the present work, a critical evaluation of the analysis and removal methodologies used in the monitoring of estrogens in surface water was carried out. For this purpose, bibliographical and documental analysis will be used. A cross-sectional analysis of sampling, pre-concentration, analysis and removal techniques was carried out. The assessment was made in terms of detection and quantification limits, implementation, ease of operation, removal efficiency and costs, aiming to contribute to the needs of Brazilian environmental agencies. The results obtained demonstrate the importance and relevance of the topic today, with different techniques and methodologies being studied, contributing to the discussion of the implementation of legislation for the control of these substances.