Mudança do rio Xingu na região da hidrelétrica de Belo Monte: análise multitemporal utilizando imagens de satélite Landsat
Data
2023-12-15
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A energia elétrica é um recurso muito importante e indispensável para a vida do ser humano, contudo, as grandes procuras por essa fonte mostram-se preocupadas da forma em que é explorada, se tornando um problema nos dias de hoje e futuramente. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo de avaliar as mudanças na paisagem da região que compreende a usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte (Pará), entre o período de 1986 até 2020. Para isso foi utilizado o índice NDVI obtido a partir de imagens do satélite Landsat 5 e Landsat 8, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento com o uso do software QGIS, buscando analisar a diferença da paisagem do Rio Xingu e sua região em torno de suas margens, buscando a diferença dos cenários da região da Usina Hidrelétrica antes da instalação e pós instalação da usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte, com o intuito de se obter a quantidade de áreas alagadas pelo empreendimento. A área de estudo foi separada em duas classes, correspondendo a água e as outras classes, assim analisando todo o percurso do Rio Xingu na área de estudo, foi encontrada uma maior quantidade de área de espelho d’água nos anos mais recentes referentes a pós construção da UHBM. Já para os resultados referentes a Volta Grande do Xingu, o cenário foi inverso, nos anos mais antigos, o percurso do rio apresentava uma maior área da classe de água.
Electricity is a very important and indispensable resource for human life. However, the great demand for this source has led to concerns about the way in which it is exploited, which could become a problem in the future. The aim of this work is to provide data, using geoprocessing techniques, in order to analyze the difference in the landscape of the Xingu River and the region around its banks, looking for the difference in the scenarios in the region of the Hydroelectric Power Plant before the installation and after the installation of the plant, with the aim of obtaining the amount of areas flooded by the project. The technique used was NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), to obtain the value in water mirror area using QGIS software. The study area was separated into two classes, corresponding to water and the other classes, thus analyzing the entire course of the Xingu River in the study area, a greater amount of water mirror area was found in the most recent years referring to the post-construction of the UHBM. As for the results for the Greater Xingu Tour, the scenario was reversed: in the older years, the river's course had a larger area.
Electricity is a very important and indispensable resource for human life. However, the great demand for this source has led to concerns about the way in which it is exploited, which could become a problem in the future. The aim of this work is to provide data, using geoprocessing techniques, in order to analyze the difference in the landscape of the Xingu River and the region around its banks, looking for the difference in the scenarios in the region of the Hydroelectric Power Plant before the installation and after the installation of the plant, with the aim of obtaining the amount of areas flooded by the project. The technique used was NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), to obtain the value in water mirror area using QGIS software. The study area was separated into two classes, corresponding to water and the other classes, thus analyzing the entire course of the Xingu River in the study area, a greater amount of water mirror area was found in the most recent years referring to the post-construction of the UHBM. As for the results for the Greater Xingu Tour, the scenario was reversed: in the older years, the river's course had a larger area.