Uso da vinhaça como meio de cultura para microalgas
Data
2023-12-01
Autores
Meneses, Adrieli Vieira da Cruz 
Orientadores
Nordi, Cristina Souza Freire
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O Brasil é atualmente o maior produtor mundial de cana de açúcar. A cana é utilizada para a produção de açúcar e etanol nas indústrias sucroalcooleiras, gerando um resíduo chamado de vinhaça, vinhoto ou restilo. A vinhaça é um líquido marrom escuro e turvo, de pH ácido, que possui grande quantidade de matéria orgânica, o que o torna um resíduo de carga altamente poluente e também muito nutritivo. As microalgas requerem um meio de cultivo rico em nutrientes e a vinhaça mostra-se atrativa para essa finalidade. Com base nisso, este trabalho visa avaliar o potencial da vinhaça como meio de cultivo para crescimento e desenvolvimento da microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Primeiramente, a microalga Chlorella vulgaris foi cultivada em meio WC para determinar a sua curva de crescimento. A vinhaça in natura foi caracterizada, clarificada e diluída com o meio WC para obter as concentrações 50%, 75% e 100% de vinhaça. O meio WC foi utilizado como controle. Após a obtenção de biomassa suficiente, a microalga foi inoculada na vinhaça 100%, suas misturas com meio WC e no controle. O desenvolvimento da microalga nos meios foi caracterizado periodicamente e curvas de crescimento nos diferentes meios foram geradas para avaliar a viabilidade da vinhaça como meio de cultivo para crescimento e desenvolvimento das microalgas. C. vulgaris utilizou provavelmente a via mixotrófica para crescimento celular e apresentou melhores taxas de crescimento nos meios com vinhaça que no controle, com exceção do meio 100% que não apresentou fase exponencial. Os maiores rendimentos máximos foram obtidos nos controles. O crescimento celular nos meios com vinhaça decaiu rapidamente após atingirem o rendimento máximo indicando que as células foram afetadas provavelmente pelo pH ácido, possível concentração elevada de íons NH4+, alta concentração de minerais, turbidez e luminosidade. Esta pesquisa contribuiu para o conhecimento sobre a utilização da vinhaça como meio de cultivo para microalgas.
Brazil is currently the world's largest producer of sugar cane. Sugarcane is used to produce sugar and ethanol in the sugar and alcohol industries, generating a residue called vinasse, vinasse or restilo. Vinasse is a dark brown and cloudy liquid, with an acidic pH, which contains a large amount of organic matter, which makes it a highly polluting and also very nutritious cargo residue. Microalgae require a nutrient-rich cultivation medium and vinasse is attractive for this purpose. Based on this, this work aims to evaluate the potential of vinasse as a cultivation medium for the growth and development of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. First, the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated in WC medium to determine its growth curve. The fresh vinasse was characterized, clarified and diluted with WC medium to obtain concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% vinasse. WC medium was used as control. After obtaining sufficient biomass, the microalgae was inoculated in 100% vinasse, its mixtures with WC medium and in the control. The development of microalgae in the media was periodically characterized and growth curves in different media were generated to evaluate the viability of vinasse as a culture medium for growth and development of microalgae. C. vulgaris probably used the mixotrophic pathway for cell growth and showed better growth rates in the vinasse media than in the control, with the exception of the 100% medium which did not show an exponential phase. The highest maximum yields were obtained in controls. Cell growth in media with vinasse decreased rapidly after reaching maximum yield, indicating that the cells were probably affected by the acidic pH, possible high concentration of NH4+ ions, high concentration of minerals, turbidity and luminosity. This research contributed to knowledge about the use of vinasse as a cultivation medium for microalgae.
Brazil is currently the world's largest producer of sugar cane. Sugarcane is used to produce sugar and ethanol in the sugar and alcohol industries, generating a residue called vinasse, vinasse or restilo. Vinasse is a dark brown and cloudy liquid, with an acidic pH, which contains a large amount of organic matter, which makes it a highly polluting and also very nutritious cargo residue. Microalgae require a nutrient-rich cultivation medium and vinasse is attractive for this purpose. Based on this, this work aims to evaluate the potential of vinasse as a cultivation medium for the growth and development of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. First, the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated in WC medium to determine its growth curve. The fresh vinasse was characterized, clarified and diluted with WC medium to obtain concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% vinasse. WC medium was used as control. After obtaining sufficient biomass, the microalgae was inoculated in 100% vinasse, its mixtures with WC medium and in the control. The development of microalgae in the media was periodically characterized and growth curves in different media were generated to evaluate the viability of vinasse as a culture medium for growth and development of microalgae. C. vulgaris probably used the mixotrophic pathway for cell growth and showed better growth rates in the vinasse media than in the control, with the exception of the 100% medium which did not show an exponential phase. The highest maximum yields were obtained in controls. Cell growth in media with vinasse decreased rapidly after reaching maximum yield, indicating that the cells were probably affected by the acidic pH, possible high concentration of NH4+ ions, high concentration of minerals, turbidity and luminosity. This research contributed to knowledge about the use of vinasse as a cultivation medium for microalgae.
Descrição
Citação
MENESES, A. V. C. Uso da vinhaça como meio de cultura para microalgas. 2023. 42 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema.