Emprego da tecnologia LoRa para monitoramento de focos de incêndio
Data
2023-07-15
Tipo
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitoramento de baixo custo das condições climáticas para auxílio na detecção de incêndios através da identificação de focos de vazamento de gás ou início de queimadas, utilizando a tecnologia de radiofrequência LoRa na transmissão de sinais sem fio. A tecnologia LoRa foi a escolhida dado a sua capacidade de cobrir largas distâncias, ter um baixo consumo de energia e possuir um baixo custo financeiro.
O sistema é composto por dois Arduinos, sensores de temperatura e concentração de CO2, LEDs indicadores e tem como objetivo detectar situações de risco em ambientes com potencial de incêndio. Um Arduino coleta os dados dos sensores e os transmite via LoRa, enquanto o outro Arduino recebe os dados e aciona os LEDs de acordo com os níveis de temperatura e concentração de gás na atmosfera. O sistema desenvolvido é uma solução de baixo custo e pode ser utilizado como ferramenta de suporte para o Corpo de Bombeiros.
. O sensor de gás MQ-2 foi capaz de detectar gás do tipo butano emitido através de um isqueiro com um volume de concentração na atmosfera variando de 300 até 10.000 ppm, convertendo esse valor para concentração em percentual. Já o sensor de temperatura DHT11, cuja faixa de precisão na temperatura varia em 2% para mais ou menos, foi testado em uma faixa de temperatura que variou entre 19ºC e 37ºC, além de possuir um tempo de resposta de aproximadamente 2 segundos.
Para este projeto, o nível de gás e temperatura admitidos para o ambiente foram de 30 p.p e 35ºC, respectivamente. Quando esse limite é ultrapassado, uma mensagem de alerta aparece no monitor e o led vermelho é acionado.
Neste trabalho, o alcance máximo testado da comunicação interna, considerando um apartamento residencial em São Paulo, foi de 10 metros, enquanto o alcance da comunicação externa, considerando o espaço aberto do Memorial da América Latina, chegou até um limite de 23 metros.
This work presents the development of a low-cost monitoring system for weather conditions to aid in the detection of fires through the identification of gas leaks or the beginning of fires, using LoRa radiofrequency technology in the transmission of wireless signals. LoRa technology was chosen given its ability to cover large distances, have low energy consumption and have a low financial cost. The system consists of two Arduinos, temperature and CO2 concentration sensors, indicator LEDs and aims to detect risk situations in environments with potential for fire. One Arduino collects data from the sensors and transmits them via LoRa, while the other Arduino receives the data and triggers the LEDs according to the temperature levels and gas concentration in the atmosphere. The developed system is a low-cost solution and can be used as a support tool for the Fire Department. . The MQ-2 gas sensor was capable of detecting butane-type gas emitted through a lighter with a volume concentration in the atmosphere ranging from 300 to 10,000 ppm, converting this value to concentration in percentage. The DHT11 temperature sensor, whose temperature accuracy range varies from 2% to more or less, was tested in a temperature range that varied between 19ºC and 37ºC, in addition to having a response time of approximately 2 seconds. For this project, the gas level and temperature allowed for the environment were 30 p.p and 35ºC, respectively. When this limit is exceeded, an alert message appears on the monitor and the red led is activated. In this work, the maximum tested range of internal communication, considering a residential apartment in São Paulo, was 10 meters, while the range of external communication, considering the open space of the Memorial da América Latina, reached a limit of 23 meters.
This work presents the development of a low-cost monitoring system for weather conditions to aid in the detection of fires through the identification of gas leaks or the beginning of fires, using LoRa radiofrequency technology in the transmission of wireless signals. LoRa technology was chosen given its ability to cover large distances, have low energy consumption and have a low financial cost. The system consists of two Arduinos, temperature and CO2 concentration sensors, indicator LEDs and aims to detect risk situations in environments with potential for fire. One Arduino collects data from the sensors and transmits them via LoRa, while the other Arduino receives the data and triggers the LEDs according to the temperature levels and gas concentration in the atmosphere. The developed system is a low-cost solution and can be used as a support tool for the Fire Department. . The MQ-2 gas sensor was capable of detecting butane-type gas emitted through a lighter with a volume concentration in the atmosphere ranging from 300 to 10,000 ppm, converting this value to concentration in percentage. The DHT11 temperature sensor, whose temperature accuracy range varies from 2% to more or less, was tested in a temperature range that varied between 19ºC and 37ºC, in addition to having a response time of approximately 2 seconds. For this project, the gas level and temperature allowed for the environment were 30 p.p and 35ºC, respectively. When this limit is exceeded, an alert message appears on the monitor and the red led is activated. In this work, the maximum tested range of internal communication, considering a residential apartment in São Paulo, was 10 meters, while the range of external communication, considering the open space of the Memorial da América Latina, reached a limit of 23 meters.