Gestão segura de substâncias químicas no Brasil: uma revisão
Data
2023-06-27
Autores
Salla, Gabriela Taimara Pires 
Orientadores
Pontes, Ricardo de Freitas Fernandes
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A presença das substâncias químicas no nosso cotidiano é tão significativa que é
quase impossível identificar algo no qual elas não estejam presentes. O
desenvolvimento do ser humano, suas capacidades e conhecimentos permitiu que,
ao longo dos anos e com o aprimoramento das técnicas, a indústria química fosse se
moldando ao que é hoje. A ocorrência de grandes acidentes em indústrias químicas
como os de Chernobyl, na Ucrânia, Vila Socó, em Cubatão, tornam emergente as
discussões a respeito dos riscos e perigos associados à exposição a produtos
químicos sendo tema presente nos mais importantes eventos mundiais sobre meio
ambiente. A avaliação de risco e a implementação de políticas públicas de Gestão de
Segurança de Substância Química, tornaramse essenciais para o conhecimento de
o que é comercializado em um território, dados básicos toxicológicos, recomendações
e restrições de uso e classificação de perigo dos materiais. Os Estados Unidos foram
os pioneiros na implementação de uma política pública de gestão segura, seguidos
pelo Canadá e pela União Europeia. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como
objetivo principal a realização de uma revisão a respeito da temática de gestão segura
de substância química no Brasil. Com isso, foi possível identificar que, apesar de ser
tema discutido desde a década de 90, observase que não há uma política pública
bem estabelecida no país. Apesar de apresentar regulações setoriais implementadas,
há uma lacuna na identificação e regulação de substâncias químicas no Brasil. Além
disso, o país carece de estrutura e capacidade para o atendimento da demanda dos
recursos humanos, financeiros e tecnológicos necessários para que se tenha uma
gestão realmente eficaz, sendo esse o maior desafio a ser enfrentado.
The presence of chemicals in our daily lives is so significant that it is almost impossible to identify something in which they are not present. The development of the human being, his capacities and knowledge allowed that, over the years and with the improvement of the techniques, the chemical industry was molding itself to what it is today. The occurrence of major accidents in chemical industries such as Chernobyl, Ukraine, Vila Socó, Cubatão, make emerging discussions about the risks and dangers associated with exposure to chemicals and are a theme present in the most important world events on the environment. The risk assessment and the implementation of public policies of Chemical Safety Management have become essential for the knowledge of what is marketed in a territory, basic toxicological data, recommendations and restrictions of use and hazard classification of materials. The United States was the pioneer in the implementation of a safe public management policy, followed by Canada and the European Union. In this context, the main objective of this study was to conduct a review on the topic of safe management of chemical substances in Brazil. With this, it was possible to identify that, despite being a topic discussed since the 90s, it is observed that there is no well-established public policy in the country. Despite having sectorial regulations implemented, there is a gap in the identification and regulation of chemical substances in Brazil. In addition, the country lacks the structure and capacity to meet the demand for the human, financial and technological resources necessary to have a truly effective management, which is the greatest challenge to be faced.
The presence of chemicals in our daily lives is so significant that it is almost impossible to identify something in which they are not present. The development of the human being, his capacities and knowledge allowed that, over the years and with the improvement of the techniques, the chemical industry was molding itself to what it is today. The occurrence of major accidents in chemical industries such as Chernobyl, Ukraine, Vila Socó, Cubatão, make emerging discussions about the risks and dangers associated with exposure to chemicals and are a theme present in the most important world events on the environment. The risk assessment and the implementation of public policies of Chemical Safety Management have become essential for the knowledge of what is marketed in a territory, basic toxicological data, recommendations and restrictions of use and hazard classification of materials. The United States was the pioneer in the implementation of a safe public management policy, followed by Canada and the European Union. In this context, the main objective of this study was to conduct a review on the topic of safe management of chemical substances in Brazil. With this, it was possible to identify that, despite being a topic discussed since the 90s, it is observed that there is no well-established public policy in the country. Despite having sectorial regulations implemented, there is a gap in the identification and regulation of chemical substances in Brazil. In addition, the country lacks the structure and capacity to meet the demand for the human, financial and technological resources necessary to have a truly effective management, which is the greatest challenge to be faced.