Fatores associados ao uso do metrô em São Paulo: uma análise visando a redução da poluição atmosférica
Data
2023-06-29
Autores
Leite, Vinicius Pazini 
Orientadores
Miraglia, Simone Georges El Khouri
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A evolução do ser humano na história está ligada à sua locomoção entre diferentes localidades,
foi assim que o intercâmbio entre culturas deu início, novos locais foram explorados e
conhecimentos foram adquiridos. Com a evolução dos meios de transporte na sociedade, alguns
pontos negativos vieram à tona. Nesse contexto, está inserida a poluição que alguns desses
meios de transporte causam ao ambiente. Neste trabalho, analisa-se os dados obtidos na
Pesquisa Origem e Destino (2017) para se investigar as principais variáveis que influenciam na
escolha do metrô (um dos transportes menos poluentes) como modal de transporte para uma
viagem na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Primeiramente, foi realizada uma revisão
bibliográfica completa e atualizada sobre o tema e, logo após a revisão, levantou-se os dados
necessários na base de dados da Pesquisa Origem e Destino de 2017 e realizou-se uma redução
de dimensionalidade na base através de técnicas estatísticas. A Análise de Componentes
Principais (ACP) possibilitou a determinação de quais as principais variáveis que influenciam
na escolha do metrô como meio de transporte. Como resultado, chegou-se em oito principais
variáveis que são determinantes para essa escolha e entre elas estão algumas que são referentes
a fatores econômicos (renda familiar e pontos no critério Brasil), fatores relacionados ao
indivíduo (idade, atividade que exerce, se estuda atualmente ou não) e fatores relacionados à
viagem (duração da viagem, se utiliza outros meios de transporte para chegar ao metrô e
distância entre a origem e a estação). Por meio desses resultados, pode-se realizar uma discussão
no âmbito de políticas públicas que visem melhorar a situação desse modal de transporte.
The evolution of human beings in history is linked to their locomotion between different locations, this is how the exchange between cultures began, new places were explored and knowledge was acquired. With the evolution of means of transport in society, some negative points have surfaced. In this context, the pollution that some of these means of transport cause to the environment is inserted. In this work, we analyze the data obtained in the Origin and Destination Survey (2017) to investigate the main variables that influence the choice of the subway (one of the least polluting modes of transport) as a mode of transport for a trip in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. First, a complete and updated bibliographic review was carried out on the subject and, soon after the review, the necessary data was collected in the 2017 Origin and Destination Survey database and a dimensionality reduction was carried out in the base through techniques Statistics. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) enabled the determination of the main variables that influence the choice of the subway as a means of transport. As a result, we got eight main variables that are determinant for this choice and among them are some that are related to economic factors (family income and points in the Brazil criterion), factors related to the individual (age, activity that he exercises, if he studies currently or not) and factors related to the trip (duration of the trip, if you use other means of transport to get to the subway and distance between the origin and the station). Through these results, a discussion can be carried out within the scope of public policies aimed at improving the situation of this mode of transport.
The evolution of human beings in history is linked to their locomotion between different locations, this is how the exchange between cultures began, new places were explored and knowledge was acquired. With the evolution of means of transport in society, some negative points have surfaced. In this context, the pollution that some of these means of transport cause to the environment is inserted. In this work, we analyze the data obtained in the Origin and Destination Survey (2017) to investigate the main variables that influence the choice of the subway (one of the least polluting modes of transport) as a mode of transport for a trip in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. First, a complete and updated bibliographic review was carried out on the subject and, soon after the review, the necessary data was collected in the 2017 Origin and Destination Survey database and a dimensionality reduction was carried out in the base through techniques Statistics. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) enabled the determination of the main variables that influence the choice of the subway as a means of transport. As a result, we got eight main variables that are determinant for this choice and among them are some that are related to economic factors (family income and points in the Brazil criterion), factors related to the individual (age, activity that he exercises, if he studies currently or not) and factors related to the trip (duration of the trip, if you use other means of transport to get to the subway and distance between the origin and the station). Through these results, a discussion can be carried out within the scope of public policies aimed at improving the situation of this mode of transport.