Tecnologia e funcionalidade dos probióticos e prebióticos
Data
2023-06-29
Autores
Darviche, Munir 
Orientadores
Yoshida, Cristiana Maria Pedroso
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Alimentos funcionais são alimentos, ou ingredientes alimentares, convencionais, que podem promover efeitos benéficos à saúde devido a presença de substâncias bioativas, que são componentes de alimentos (por exemplo, fibras, vitaminas, carotenóides, compostos fenólicos, microrganismos probióticos e outros) e possuem mecanismos de ação específicos no organismo. Dentre os compostos bioativos, têm-se os probióticos e os prebióticos. Os probióticos são microrganismos vivos, com capacidade de colonizar o trato gastrointestinal humano, promovendo melhorias à saúde intestinal e consequentemente, podem regular as respostas imunes do organismo. Os prebióticos são compostos não digeridos e que são utilizados como substratos energéticos para os microrganismos que colonizam o trato gastrointestinal dos seres humanos, promovendo uma seleção positiva de cepas colonizadoras no ambiente intestinal. Ambos os bioativos vêm sendo empregados em uma variedade de alimentos funcionais (com boas expectativas de crescimento no mercado global) - produtos lácteos e de panificação, sorvetes, sucos de frutas, chocolates, entre outros - de maneira isolada ou combinados, como uma alternativa de manutenção da saúde humana via microbiota intestinal, visto a influência dos microrganismos que colonizam o trato gastrointestinal para o metabolismo e imunidade do indivíduo. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar os alimentos funcionais probióticos e prebióticos, indicando as condições necessárias para que sejam categorizados como “probiótico” ou “prebiótico”, os principais microrganismos e compostos utilizados em produtos alimentícios, visando as funcionalidades à microbiota intestinal e, consequentemente, à saúde dos consumidores. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de publicações entre os anos de 2012 e 2023 nas plataformas Web of Science, Pubmed e Google Acadêmico, utilizadas para o levantamento de artigos científicos, e os sites “pesquisa.anvisa.gov.br”, “https://isappscience.org/” e Google, nos quais foram encontradas informações de mercado, guias e regulamentações.
Functional foods are conventional foods, or food ingredients, that can promote beneficial health effects due to the presence of bioactive substances, which are components of foods (for example, fiber, vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and probiotic microorganisms and others) and have specific mechanisms of action in the body. Among the bioactive compounds, there are probiotics and prebiotics. Probiotics are live microorganisms, capable of colonizing the human gastrointestinal tract, promoting improvements in intestinal health and, consequently, can regulate the body's immune responses. Prebiotics are undigested compounds that are used as energy substrates for microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, promoting a positive selection of colonizing strains in the intestinal environment. Both bioactives have been used in a variety of functional foods (with good expectations of growth in the global market) - dairy and bakery products, ice cream, fruit juices, chocolates, among others - isolated or combinated, as an alternative to maintenance of human health via the intestinal microbiota, due the influence of microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract for the metabolism and immunity of the individual. Thus, the objective of this work was to present probiotic and prebiotic functional foods, in view of the necessary conditions for them to be categorized as "probiotic" or "prebiotic", the main microorganisms and compounds used in food products, aiming their functionalities to intestinal microbiota and, consequently, the health of consumers. For this, a bibliographic review of publications between 2012 and 2023 was carried out on the Web of Science, Pubmed and Google Scholar platforms, used to survey scientific articles, and the websites “pesquisa.anvisa.gov.br”, “https://isappscience.org/” e Google, in which market information, guides and regulations were found.
Functional foods are conventional foods, or food ingredients, that can promote beneficial health effects due to the presence of bioactive substances, which are components of foods (for example, fiber, vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and probiotic microorganisms and others) and have specific mechanisms of action in the body. Among the bioactive compounds, there are probiotics and prebiotics. Probiotics are live microorganisms, capable of colonizing the human gastrointestinal tract, promoting improvements in intestinal health and, consequently, can regulate the body's immune responses. Prebiotics are undigested compounds that are used as energy substrates for microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, promoting a positive selection of colonizing strains in the intestinal environment. Both bioactives have been used in a variety of functional foods (with good expectations of growth in the global market) - dairy and bakery products, ice cream, fruit juices, chocolates, among others - isolated or combinated, as an alternative to maintenance of human health via the intestinal microbiota, due the influence of microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract for the metabolism and immunity of the individual. Thus, the objective of this work was to present probiotic and prebiotic functional foods, in view of the necessary conditions for them to be categorized as "probiotic" or "prebiotic", the main microorganisms and compounds used in food products, aiming their functionalities to intestinal microbiota and, consequently, the health of consumers. For this, a bibliographic review of publications between 2012 and 2023 was carried out on the Web of Science, Pubmed and Google Scholar platforms, used to survey scientific articles, and the websites “pesquisa.anvisa.gov.br”, “https://isappscience.org/” e Google, in which market information, guides and regulations were found.