Desenvolvimento de uma estação de carregamento de baterias para drones usando transmissão de energia por indução
Data
2023-01-09
Autores
Coelho, Everton da Silva 
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Devido a diversidade de aplicações para Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados como monitoramento, inspeção, e entretenimento, diversas pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas sobre o tema. Todavia, quando se trata da autonomia de voo alguns desses veículos saem prejudicados. Os drones que possuem uma fonte de energia originada de bateria não conseguem permanecer muito tempo no ar, fazendo com que haja a necessidade de suas baterias serem trocadas ou carregadas frequentemente pelo usuário. Em sistemas de drones autônomos, a variável humana durante a carga da bateria, pode gerar erros não previstos, causando atrasos na rotina programada. Com o objetivo de remover a necessidade de um operador humano durante a carga de baterias de drone, neste trabalho é desenvolvida uma estação de carregamento, que realiza o carregamento de baterias de drones DJI Mavic 2 Pro de forma autônoma, utilizando um sistema de transmissão de energia sem fio por indução. A estação de carregamento sem fio permite que o drone pouse sobre ela, realize a carga da bateria e levante voo de forma autônoma. Como resultado, obteve-se o tempo de carga de 1h e 50min, 20min a mais do que o carregador original DJI. Adicionando o tempo de 25min para resfriamento da bateria após o voo, o drone pode decolar novamente após 2h e 15 min, depois de pousar na estação de carregamento. O tempo de voo do drone com um adicional de peso de 284g (peso dos circuitos de recepção de energia) foi de 15 min, 10min a menos quando comparado ao voo sem carga adicional.
Due to the variety of applications for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles such as surveillance, inspection and entertainment, several research studies have been developed on the topic. However, in terms of flight autonomy, some of these vehicles are impaired. Drones that have a battery-powered power source cannot stay in the air for long periods of time, making it necessary for their batteries to be swapped or recharged frequently by the user. In autonomous drone systems, the human variable during battery charge can generate unforeseen errors, causing delays in the scheduled routine. In order to remove the need for a human operator during the charge of drone batteries, in this work a charging station is developed, which performs the battery charging of DJI Mavic 2 Pro drones autonomously, using an induction wireless power transmission system. The wireless charging station allows the drone to land on it, charge the battery and take flight autonomously. As a result, the charging time of 1h and 50min was obtained, 20min longer than the original DJI charger. Adding 25min time for battery cooling after flight, the drone can take off again after 2h and 15 min, after landing at charging station. The flight time of the drone with an additional weight of 284g (weight of the power receiving circuits) was 15 min, 10min less when compared to the flight without additional load.
Due to the variety of applications for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles such as surveillance, inspection and entertainment, several research studies have been developed on the topic. However, in terms of flight autonomy, some of these vehicles are impaired. Drones that have a battery-powered power source cannot stay in the air for long periods of time, making it necessary for their batteries to be swapped or recharged frequently by the user. In autonomous drone systems, the human variable during battery charge can generate unforeseen errors, causing delays in the scheduled routine. In order to remove the need for a human operator during the charge of drone batteries, in this work a charging station is developed, which performs the battery charging of DJI Mavic 2 Pro drones autonomously, using an induction wireless power transmission system. The wireless charging station allows the drone to land on it, charge the battery and take flight autonomously. As a result, the charging time of 1h and 50min was obtained, 20min longer than the original DJI charger. Adding 25min time for battery cooling after flight, the drone can take off again after 2h and 15 min, after landing at charging station. The flight time of the drone with an additional weight of 284g (weight of the power receiving circuits) was 15 min, 10min less when compared to the flight without additional load.