Direito internacional de propriedade intelectual e saúde global: o processo do licenciamento compulsório de antirretrovirais e a OMC
Data
2023-01-10
Autores
Miranda, Sara Mariana Serrano de [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Carvalho, Daniel Campos de [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
O pano de fundo desta pesquisa é consubstanciado pelos desafios contemporâneos do regime do comércio internacional, especialmente ao que se refere à Propriedade Intelectual e a relação com a manutenção e proteção dos assuntos relacionados à Saúde Pública. Tais dificuldades residem em várias dimensões da crescente complexidade das relações comerciais ao longo das últimas décadas, alinhadas à tensão histórica em torno dos méritos da institucionalização da governança internacional. A relação conturbada entre propriedade intelectual e saúde pública se agrava ainda mais quando enfrenta-se epidemias preocupantes, como foi o caso do HIV/AIDS. Assim, para a correta compreensão deste panorama, o presente trabalho busca aclarar i) como os Direitos de Propriedade Intelectual atuaram em relação a saúde global, no âmbito da OMC, durante a epidemia de HIV/AIDS; ii) quais foram os caminhos jurídicos internacionais percorridos e suas consequências para o Sistema Internacional para a resolução deste conflito. Tal tema é paradigmático de quais serão os entraves e práticas recorrentes em um cenário cada vez menos propício a relações comerciais equilibradas. Neste contexto, analisar o caso brasileiro, no que tange o contencioso com os Estados Unidos, é particularmente importante porque possibilita evidenciar as diferenças sobre o tratamento e viabilidade de proteção de saúde pública em diferentes países e como o Acordo TRIPS serve de instrumento para o agravamento das diferenças de procedimentos adotados dentro do regime do comércio internacional.
The background of this research is embodied by the contemporary challenges of the international trade regime, especially as it relates to Intellectual Property and the relationship with the maintenance and protection of Public Health issues. Such difficulties reside in several dimensions of the growing complexity of commercial relations over the last decades, aligned with the historical tension around the merits of institutionalization of international governance, the troubled relationship between intellectual property and public health is even more aggravated when facing worrying epidemics, as was the case of HIV/AIDS. Thus, for the correct understanding of this panorama, the present work seeks to 3 clarify i) How Intellectual Property Rights acted in relation to global health, in the ambit of the WTO, during the HIV/AIDS epidemic; ii) What were the international legal paths taken and their consequences for the International System to solve this conflict. This theme is paradigmatic of what the recurrent obstacles and practices will be in a scenario that is less and less favorable to balanced commercial relations. In this context, analyzing the Brazilian case, regarding the litigation with the United States, is particularly important because it makes it possible to highlight the differences on the treatment and viability of public health protection in different countries and how the TRIPS Agreement serves as an instrument for the aggravation of treatment differences within the international trade regime.
The background of this research is embodied by the contemporary challenges of the international trade regime, especially as it relates to Intellectual Property and the relationship with the maintenance and protection of Public Health issues. Such difficulties reside in several dimensions of the growing complexity of commercial relations over the last decades, aligned with the historical tension around the merits of institutionalization of international governance, the troubled relationship between intellectual property and public health is even more aggravated when facing worrying epidemics, as was the case of HIV/AIDS. Thus, for the correct understanding of this panorama, the present work seeks to 3 clarify i) How Intellectual Property Rights acted in relation to global health, in the ambit of the WTO, during the HIV/AIDS epidemic; ii) What were the international legal paths taken and their consequences for the International System to solve this conflict. This theme is paradigmatic of what the recurrent obstacles and practices will be in a scenario that is less and less favorable to balanced commercial relations. In this context, analyzing the Brazilian case, regarding the litigation with the United States, is particularly important because it makes it possible to highlight the differences on the treatment and viability of public health protection in different countries and how the TRIPS Agreement serves as an instrument for the aggravation of treatment differences within the international trade regime.
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Citação
MIRANDA, Sara Mariana Serrano de. Direito internacional de propriedade intelectual e saúde global: o processo do licenciamento compulsório de antirretrovirais e a OMC. 2022.Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Relações Internacionais) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Política, Economia e Negócios, Osasco, 2022.