Impactos positivos da árvore Guapira opposita sobre a fertilidade do solo da restinga arbustiva
Arquivos
Data
2023-01-04
Autores
Lugli, Juliana Aparecida 
Orientadores
Castanho, Camila de Toledo
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
As condições ambientais extremas da restinga favorecem a ocorrência de facilitação entre árvores adultas e plântulas. Um dos mecanismos de facilitação possíveis é a ciclagem dos nutrientes a partir da decomposição da MO proveniente da própria planta facilitadora. O objetivo deste trabalho é testar como indivíduos adultos da planta berçário lenhosa Guapira opposita e da herbácea Andropogon leucostachys afetam a disponibilidade de nutrientes no entorno. O estudo foi realizado no Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, São Paulo, SP. Estabelecemos 30 blocos experimentais formados por pares de tratamento com a presença de G. opposita e áreas abertas sem G. opposita. Em metade dos blocos foi adicionada a herbácea A. leucostachys. Somente após 12 meses foram coletadas 60 amostras de solo na profundidade de 10cm e realizadas análises químicas de fertilidade. Observamos que a presença de G. opposita aumentou, em aproximadamente 13%, a capacidade de troca catiônica do solo (P= 0,003), assim como em, em média 25%, a quantidade de matéria orgânica do solo (P <0,0001). Adicionalmente, G. também teve efeito significativo sobre o aumento do magnésio (P<0.0001), saturação de bases (P=0,002) e diminuição da saturação por alumínio (P<0,0001). Por outro lado, G. opposita. não foi efetiva para alterar a quantidade de Alumínio, do Nitrogênio Total ou pH (P >0.05 para todos os testes). A presença de A. leucostachys não surtiu efeitos significativos em nenhum indicador de fertilidade do solo (P >0.05 para os testes). De maneira geral, as folhas representam o compartimento mais representativo da serapilheira e ainda apresentam as maiores concentrações de nutrientes, contribuindo para a decomposição e consequente aumento da matéria orgânica do solo e CTC. Podemos concluir que os efeitos positivos de G. opposita como planta berçario na restinga arbustiva podem ser decorrentes, pelo menos parcialmente, de seus efeitos positivos sobre a fertilidade do solo, promovendo assim melhores condições de desenvolvimento para plantas jovens.
Extreme environmental conditions of restinga vegetation favour facilitation between adult trees and seedlings. One of the possible facilitation mechanisms is the cycling of nutrients from the decomposition of MO from the facilitating plant itself. The purpose of this study is to test how adult individuals of the Guapira opposita woody nursery plant and the herbaceous Andropogon leucostachys affect the availability of nutrients in the surroundings. The study was conducted in the Parque Estadual Ilha do Cardoso, São Paulo, SP. We established 30 experimental blocks formed by pairs of treatment with the presence of G. opposita and open areas without G. opposita. In half of the blocks was added the herbaceous A. leucostachys. Only after 12 months, 60 soil samples were collected at the depth of 10cm and chemical fertility analyses were performed. We observed that the presence of G. opposite increased, by approximately 13%, the capacity of the soil cationic exchange (P = 0.003), as well as, on average, 25%, the amount of soil organic matter (P < 0.0001). Additionally, G. also had a significant effect on magnesium increase (P < 0.0001), base saturation (P = 0.002) and decrease in aluminium saturation (P < 0.0001). On the other hand, G. opposita. was not effective to change the amount of aluminium, Total Nitrogen or pH (P > 0.05 for all tests). The presence of A. leucostachys had no significant effect on any soil fertility indicator (P > 0.05 for testing). In general, the leaves represent the most representative compartment of the litter and still have the highest concentrations of nutrients, contributing to the decomposition and consequent increase of organic matter of the soil and CTC. In addition, pH acid collaborates for the accumulation of the litter and the gradual return of nutrients to the soil. We can conclude that the positive effects of G. opposita as a nursery plant on the shrubby resting can be at least partially derived from its positive effects on soil fertility, thus promoting better development conditions for young plants.
Extreme environmental conditions of restinga vegetation favour facilitation between adult trees and seedlings. One of the possible facilitation mechanisms is the cycling of nutrients from the decomposition of MO from the facilitating plant itself. The purpose of this study is to test how adult individuals of the Guapira opposita woody nursery plant and the herbaceous Andropogon leucostachys affect the availability of nutrients in the surroundings. The study was conducted in the Parque Estadual Ilha do Cardoso, São Paulo, SP. We established 30 experimental blocks formed by pairs of treatment with the presence of G. opposita and open areas without G. opposita. In half of the blocks was added the herbaceous A. leucostachys. Only after 12 months, 60 soil samples were collected at the depth of 10cm and chemical fertility analyses were performed. We observed that the presence of G. opposite increased, by approximately 13%, the capacity of the soil cationic exchange (P = 0.003), as well as, on average, 25%, the amount of soil organic matter (P < 0.0001). Additionally, G. also had a significant effect on magnesium increase (P < 0.0001), base saturation (P = 0.002) and decrease in aluminium saturation (P < 0.0001). On the other hand, G. opposita. was not effective to change the amount of aluminium, Total Nitrogen or pH (P > 0.05 for all tests). The presence of A. leucostachys had no significant effect on any soil fertility indicator (P > 0.05 for testing). In general, the leaves represent the most representative compartment of the litter and still have the highest concentrations of nutrients, contributing to the decomposition and consequent increase of organic matter of the soil and CTC. In addition, pH acid collaborates for the accumulation of the litter and the gradual return of nutrients to the soil. We can conclude that the positive effects of G. opposita as a nursery plant on the shrubby resting can be at least partially derived from its positive effects on soil fertility, thus promoting better development conditions for young plants.
Descrição
Citação
LUGLI, Juliana Aparecida. Impactos positivos da árvore Guapira opposita sobre a fertilidade do solo da restinga arbustiva. 2023. 27 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Ciências Ambientais) - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, 2023.