Hipertensão arterial pulmonar: o estado da arte
Data
2022-08-03
Autores
Pereira Júnior, Fábio 
Orientadores
Speridião, Patrícia da Graça Leite
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivo: entender e discutir os aspectos envolvidos na hipertensão arterial
pulmonar e destacar o papel da alimentação e nutrição no tratamento do paciente
com hipertensão arterial pulmonar. Material e Método: estudo de revisão do estado
da arte no qual realizou-se busca de informações nas bases eletrônicas,
PubMed/Medline, Lilacs e Scielo entre os meses de agosto/2021 e junho de 2022. O
desenvolvimento do estudo baseou-se em 5 núcleos norteadores do texto para
auxiliar o entendimento e a discussão. Desenvolvimento: de acordo com os núcleos
de discussão, a HAP se caracteriza pelo aumento da resistência vascular
pulmonar de forma progressiva durante o repouso e o exercício. Dada à alta
letalidade da HAP em gestantes, recomenda-se a utilização de dois métodos
contraceptivos: os de barreira são seguros, porém, a eficácia está diretamente
relacionada ao uso adequado. Anticoncepcionais hormonais com progesterona
isolada são efetivos, evitando a associação aos estrógenos, que podem aumentar os
riscos de eventos tromboembólicos. Sabe-se que a dieta é importante fator de
proteção ou de risco para inúmeras doenças crônicas e nesse sentido, sugere-se
que uma dieta equilibrada em relação à ingestão de nutrientes de alta qualidade,
desempenha papel importante na melhora da qualidade de vida de pacientes com
doenças pulmonares, além, de prevenir e controlar doenças crônicas não
transmissíveis – DCNT. É possível observar associação positiva entre a dieta rica em
antioxidantes e a melhora da função pulmonar com redução de mortalidade, em
longo prazo, assim como, associação negativa entre função pulmonar e dieta
ocidental, caracterizada por excesso de açucares e lipídios inflamatórios, como ácido
linoleico da família ômega-6. Conclusões: a HAP é caracterizada como uma doença
pulmonar, porém, é muito importante considerar sua relação com as cardiopatias, o
que torna a situação mais complexa. A alimentação e nutrição têm papel vital na
qualidade de vida e manutenção do paciente com HAP, entretanto, há grande
escassez de informação sobre os aspectos nutricionais que permeiam a HAP.
Objective: to understand and discuss the aspects involved in pulmonary arterial hypertension and to highlight the role of food and nutrition in the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Material and Method: a state-of-the-art review study in which a search for information was carried out in the electronic databases, PubMed/Medline, Lilacs and Scielo between August/2021 and June 2022. The development of the study was based on 5 guiding cores of the text to help understanding and discussion. Development: according to the discussion centers, PAH is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance during rest and exercise. Given the high lethality of PAH in pregnant women, the use of two contraceptive methods is recommended: barrier methods are safe, but efficacy is directly related to proper use. Hormonal contraceptives with isolated progesterone are effective, avoiding the association with estrogens, which can increase the risk of thromboembolic events. It is known that diet is an important protective or risk factor for numerous chronic diseases and in this sense, it is suggested that a balanced diet in relation to the intake of high quality nutrients plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients. with lung diseases, in addition to preventing and controlling chronic non-communicable diseases - NCDs. It is possible to observe a positive association between a diet rich in antioxidants and the improvement of lung function with a reduction in mortality, in the long term, as well as a negative association between lung function and a Western diet, characterized by excess sugars and inflammatory lipids, such as linoleic acid of the omega-6 family. Conclusions: PAH is characterized as a lung disease, however, it is very important to consider its relationship with heart diseases, which makes the situation more complex. Food and nutrition play a vital role in the quality of life and maintenance of patients with PAH, however, there is great scarcity of information on the nutritional aspects that permeate PAH.
Objective: to understand and discuss the aspects involved in pulmonary arterial hypertension and to highlight the role of food and nutrition in the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Material and Method: a state-of-the-art review study in which a search for information was carried out in the electronic databases, PubMed/Medline, Lilacs and Scielo between August/2021 and June 2022. The development of the study was based on 5 guiding cores of the text to help understanding and discussion. Development: according to the discussion centers, PAH is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance during rest and exercise. Given the high lethality of PAH in pregnant women, the use of two contraceptive methods is recommended: barrier methods are safe, but efficacy is directly related to proper use. Hormonal contraceptives with isolated progesterone are effective, avoiding the association with estrogens, which can increase the risk of thromboembolic events. It is known that diet is an important protective or risk factor for numerous chronic diseases and in this sense, it is suggested that a balanced diet in relation to the intake of high quality nutrients plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients. with lung diseases, in addition to preventing and controlling chronic non-communicable diseases - NCDs. It is possible to observe a positive association between a diet rich in antioxidants and the improvement of lung function with a reduction in mortality, in the long term, as well as a negative association between lung function and a Western diet, characterized by excess sugars and inflammatory lipids, such as linoleic acid of the omega-6 family. Conclusions: PAH is characterized as a lung disease, however, it is very important to consider its relationship with heart diseases, which makes the situation more complex. Food and nutrition play a vital role in the quality of life and maintenance of patients with PAH, however, there is great scarcity of information on the nutritional aspects that permeate PAH.
Descrição
Citação
PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Fábio. Hipertensão arterial pulmonar: o estado da arte. 2022. 28 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Nutrição) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.