Trajetória esportiva de nadadores brasileiros de alto rendimento
Data
2021-08-27
Autores
Lobo, Luara Maria de Freitas [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Padovani, Ricardo da Costa [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O desempenho máximo no esporte é consequência de uma série de fatores advindos do atleta e do ambiente em que ele está inserido. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender a construção da trajetória esportiva de nadadores brasileiros de alto rendimento que participam de campeonatos nacionais absolutos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de natureza qualitativa. Participaram do estudo sete nadadores, acima de 18 anos de idade, com índice para participação em campeonatos absolutos nacionais. A coleta de dados se deu a partir da aplicação de um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado que teve como questões norteadoras: histórico esportivo, histórico de lesões esportivas, relação com treinadores, transições de categoria, habilidades psicológicas empregadas em situações de treino e competição, planejamento da carreira, principais desafios na carreira. Seis participantes eram solteiros. Todos cursavam o ensino superior. Seis participaram de campeonato internacionais. A partir da análise das entrevistas emergiram três categorias: brincar de nadar, porto seguro, leão de treino e de competição para além das piscinas. Tais achados evidenciaram as características psicológicas necessárias e as fontes de apoio e principais suporte para a construção e o desenvolvimento esportivo. O presente estudo reforça a importância de um ambiente que favoreça o desenvolvimento das crianças por meio de brincadeiras e atividades lúdicas que estimulem sua percepção de competência. Variáveis como diversão e amizade foram citadas como importantes para que os participantes se mantivessem dentro da natação e os amigos foram considerados fundamentais nos momentos difíceis dentro do esporte. A habilidade de observação foi apontada como fundamental para a evolução na trajetória de vida, a inserção em campeonatos internacionais considerada fundamental para elevar o desempenho assim como o preparo mental. A presente pesquisa evidenciou a importância do uso da entrevista para ampliar o entendimento da trajetória de atletas da natação de alto rendimento.
Maximum performance in sport is the result of a series of factors arising from the athlete and the environment in which he is inserted. This study aimed to understand the construction of the sports trajectory of high-performance Brazilian swimmers who participate in absolute national championships. This is a cross-sectional, qualitative study. Seven swimmers, over 18 years of age, with an index for participation in national absolute championships participated in the study. Data collection was based on the application of a semi-structured interview script that had as guiding questions: sports history, sports injury history, relationship with coaches, category transitions, psychological skills used in training and competition situations, planning of the career, main career challenges. Six participants were single. All attended higher education. Six participated in international championships. From the analysis of the interviews, three categories emerged: swimming play, safe haven, training and competition lion beyond the swimming pools. These findings evidenced the necessary psychological characteristics and the sources of support and main support for the construction and development of sports. This study reinforces the importance of an environment that favors the development of children through games and recreational activities that encourage their perception of competence. Variables such as fun and friendship were mentioned as important for the participants to stay within the swimming pool, and friends were considered essential in difficult moments within the sport. The observation skills were identified as fundamental for the evolution in the life trajectory, the insertion in international championships considered fundamental to improve the performance as well as the mental preparation. This research highlighted the importance of using interviews to broaden the understanding of the trajectory of highperformance swimming athletes
Maximum performance in sport is the result of a series of factors arising from the athlete and the environment in which he is inserted. This study aimed to understand the construction of the sports trajectory of high-performance Brazilian swimmers who participate in absolute national championships. This is a cross-sectional, qualitative study. Seven swimmers, over 18 years of age, with an index for participation in national absolute championships participated in the study. Data collection was based on the application of a semi-structured interview script that had as guiding questions: sports history, sports injury history, relationship with coaches, category transitions, psychological skills used in training and competition situations, planning of the career, main career challenges. Six participants were single. All attended higher education. Six participated in international championships. From the analysis of the interviews, three categories emerged: swimming play, safe haven, training and competition lion beyond the swimming pools. These findings evidenced the necessary psychological characteristics and the sources of support and main support for the construction and development of sports. This study reinforces the importance of an environment that favors the development of children through games and recreational activities that encourage their perception of competence. Variables such as fun and friendship were mentioned as important for the participants to stay within the swimming pool, and friends were considered essential in difficult moments within the sport. The observation skills were identified as fundamental for the evolution in the life trajectory, the insertion in international championships considered fundamental to improve the performance as well as the mental preparation. This research highlighted the importance of using interviews to broaden the understanding of the trajectory of highperformance swimming athletes
Descrição
Citação
LOBO, Luara Maria de Freitas. Trajetória esportiva de nadadores brasileiros de alto rendimento. 2021. 89 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.