A transposição do Rio Itapanhaú e o Parque Estadual Restinga de Bertioga: valoração econômica e justiça ambiental
Data
2021-02-26
Autores
Santos, Gelson Ribeiro dos 
Orientadores
Torres, Ronaldo José
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Uma análise sobre parte dos conflitos socioambientais associados à obra de aproveitamento das águas da bacia do Rio Itapanhaú – que corre a partir da Serra do Mar e deságua no oceano Atlântico por meio do canal de Bertioga – para o abastecimento da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo foi proposta neste trabalho. Foram três os questionamentos norteadores da pesquisa: 1) Existem impactos ambientais não considerados pelo estudo ambiental apresentado para a obtenção do licenciamento prévio (LP)? 2) É possível estimar o valor econômico dos serviços ambientais associados ao Rio Itapánhaú/Parque Estadual Restinga de Bertioga (PERB, Unidade de Conservação de Proteção Integral)? 3) De que modo pode ser caracterizada a atuação do Movimento Salve o Rio Itapanhaú (MSRI) frente à consolidação da obra? Os dados foram produzidos via análise documental (Estudo/Relatório de Impacto Ambiental e Relatórios Complementares; Plano de Manejo do PERB; manifestação técnica do MSRI; notícias da internet), revisão da literatura (impactos ambientais decorrentes de sistemas de transposição/armazenamento de água em bacias hidrográficas; valoração econômica de serviços ecossistêmico associados a recursos hídricos; Movimento por Justiça Ambiental). Foi possível identificar pelo menos 17 tipos de impactos negativos associados à diminuição na vazão fluvial que não foram objetos de discussão aprofundada pelo estudo ambiental apresentado no LP. Da manifestação técnica do MSRI, foi possível identificar sugestões que apontam para a necessidade de aprofundamento dos estudos sobre a vegetação, programas de monitoramento e revisão do zoneamento do PERB e, em relação ao estudo ambiental, foi sugerida a necessidade de revisão dos programas avaliação de impactos sobre a água, biota, avifauna e vertebrados terrestres. O valor econômico total dos serviços ecossistêmicos associados ao Rio Itapanhaú/PERB não foi estimado diante das limitações metodológicas que impossibilitaram o emprego da Valoração Contingente como método de produção de dados, embora tenha sido realizada a definição dos serviços (produção, regulação e culturais) passíveis de monetização. Por fim, foi possível identificar na atuação do MSRI valores característicos de movimentos populares marcados pela busca por Justiça Ambiental, de modo complementar às ações promovidas pelo Ministério Público do Estado de São Paulo e com base na defesa de posicionamentos convergentes com a maioria dos princípios do Direito Ambiental.
An analysis to understand the socio-environmental conflicts associated with the Itapanhaú River transposition project - which flows from the Serra do Mar system of mountains to disgorge into the Atlantic Ocean through the Bertioga channel - to supply the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo was proposed in this final paper. Three were the guiding questions: 1) Are there other impacts not considered by the environmental study presented to obtain the Prior License? 2) Is it possible to estimate the economic value of the environmental services associated with the Itapánhaú River/Restinga de Bertioga State Park (RBSP, Integral Protection Conservation Unit)? 3) How can the performance of the “Salve the Itapanhaú River Movement” (SIRM) be characterized in face of the consolidation of the project? The data were produced via document analysis (Environmental Impact Study and Complementary Reports; RBSP Management Plan; technical analysis produced by SIRM; internet news) and literature review (environmental impacts related to water transfer/storage systems; economic valuation of the ecosystem services associated with water resources; The Environmental Justice Movement) as qualitative research methods. It was possible to identify at least 17 types of negative impacts associated with decreased river flow that were not object of in-depth discussion of the Environmental Study. The technical analysis produced by SIRM suggests the need for complementary studies on vegetation and the need to review the monitoring programs and the RBSP zonning. They also suggest the review of the monitoring programs (water, avifauna and terrestrial vertebrates) presented in the environmental study. Considering the methodological limitations related to the use of Contingent Valuation as a method to produce data for this research, it was not possible to estimate the total economic value of the ecosystem services associated to the Itapanhaú River/RBSP, but it was possible to define the monetizable services (production, regulation, and cultural). From the SIRM performance, it was possible to identify similar values to those manifested by popular movements marked by the pursuit of Environmental Justice, complementarily to the actions promoted by the São Paulo State Public Defender's Office and based on the defense of values that converges with majority of the Environmental Law principles.
An analysis to understand the socio-environmental conflicts associated with the Itapanhaú River transposition project - which flows from the Serra do Mar system of mountains to disgorge into the Atlantic Ocean through the Bertioga channel - to supply the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo was proposed in this final paper. Three were the guiding questions: 1) Are there other impacts not considered by the environmental study presented to obtain the Prior License? 2) Is it possible to estimate the economic value of the environmental services associated with the Itapánhaú River/Restinga de Bertioga State Park (RBSP, Integral Protection Conservation Unit)? 3) How can the performance of the “Salve the Itapanhaú River Movement” (SIRM) be characterized in face of the consolidation of the project? The data were produced via document analysis (Environmental Impact Study and Complementary Reports; RBSP Management Plan; technical analysis produced by SIRM; internet news) and literature review (environmental impacts related to water transfer/storage systems; economic valuation of the ecosystem services associated with water resources; The Environmental Justice Movement) as qualitative research methods. It was possible to identify at least 17 types of negative impacts associated with decreased river flow that were not object of in-depth discussion of the Environmental Study. The technical analysis produced by SIRM suggests the need for complementary studies on vegetation and the need to review the monitoring programs and the RBSP zonning. They also suggest the review of the monitoring programs (water, avifauna and terrestrial vertebrates) presented in the environmental study. Considering the methodological limitations related to the use of Contingent Valuation as a method to produce data for this research, it was not possible to estimate the total economic value of the ecosystem services associated to the Itapanhaú River/RBSP, but it was possible to define the monetizable services (production, regulation, and cultural). From the SIRM performance, it was possible to identify similar values to those manifested by popular movements marked by the pursuit of Environmental Justice, complementarily to the actions promoted by the São Paulo State Public Defender's Office and based on the defense of values that converges with majority of the Environmental Law principles.
Descrição
Citação
SANTOS, Gelson Ribeiro dos. A transposição do Rio Itapanhaú e o Parque Estadual Restinga de Bertioga: valoração econômica e justiça ambiental. 2021. 70 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Engenharia Ambiental) – Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.