Tráfico de aves em território brasileiro: uma revisão
Data
2021-02-18
Autores
Almeida Junior, Jairo Menezes 
Orientadores
Neiman, Zysman
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O tráfico de animais gera de 10 a 20 bilhões de dólares por ano, sendo classificado
como a terceira atividade ilícita mais lucrativa do mundo (ficando atrás de tráfico de
narcóticos e armas). O Brasil, por ter uma biodiversidade muito rica, é alvo de uma
constante exploração desde o seu descobrimento no século XV até os dias atuais,
sendo considerado como um dos países que mais sofre nesse aspecto. Dentre as
mais variadas ordens de animais que são traficadas anualmente, vale-se destacar
uma em especial: as Aves. Devido à beleza de suas cores, são animais muito visados
e, tradicionalmente, os mais comercializados no país. O tráfico no Brasil possui viés
fortemente social, com predominância de caça e venda de animais majoritariamente
em regiões mais vulneráveis do país, tornando-se, assim, meio de sobrevivência de
cidadãos econômica e socialmente fragilizados. Por se tratar de uma atividade ilícita,
há uma forte carência de dados disponíveis sobre o assunto, principalmente se
tratando de abrangência nacional. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar uma
revisão bibliográfica e histórica, com base nos dados já disponíveis na literatura, sobre
tráfico de Aves no Brasil. Alguns dados foram obtidos com base em outros trabalhos
de levantamento bibliográfico, porém, é difícil mensurar com exatidão os números
reais. Ainda, pôde-se observar que as Aves são o grupo mais recebido por CETAS de
todo o Brasil, com a ordem dos Passeriformes sendo a mais procurada pelo comércio
ilegal. Aliado a problemas estruturais, como a dificuldade de fiscalização da fronteira,
desigualdade social e a grande dificuldade em obter dados conclusivos sobre a
atividade, o comércio ilegal é um problema socioeconômico e ambiental complexo que
está longe de ser completamente sanado.
The animal trafficking generates from 10 to 20 billion dollars every year, being ranked as third more profitable illegal activity on the planet (getting behind of drug traffic and people traffic). Brazil, for its extremely rich biodiversity, is target of a constant exploitation since it’s discovery in the 15th century that persists to nowadays, being considerated one of the countries that suffers the most on that aspect. Among the varied order trafficked annually it’s worth standing out one in particular: birds. Due the beauty of their colour, they are very attractive animals, and, traditionally, the most traded on the country. The traffic in Brazil has a strongly social bias, with the prevalence of hunting and trading being mostly linked with the vulnerables regions of the country, becoming a mean of survival of economically and socially weakened citizens. Because it’s an illicit activity, there is a lack of the data avaiable about the topic, especially nationwide. Therefore, the goal of this work was to realize and bibliografical and historical review, based on the data previously avaiable on the literature, about bird trafficking in Brazil. Some of the data was obtained based on others literature review works, however, it’s hard to measure the numbers precisely. Still, was observed that birds were the most received group by CETAS all around the country, with the Passeriformes order being the most wanted by the illegal trade. Ally to structural problems, like the difficulty in border surveillance, social inequality and the big struggle about the conclusive data, illegal trade is a complex environmental and socioeconomic issue that is far from being completely remedied.
The animal trafficking generates from 10 to 20 billion dollars every year, being ranked as third more profitable illegal activity on the planet (getting behind of drug traffic and people traffic). Brazil, for its extremely rich biodiversity, is target of a constant exploitation since it’s discovery in the 15th century that persists to nowadays, being considerated one of the countries that suffers the most on that aspect. Among the varied order trafficked annually it’s worth standing out one in particular: birds. Due the beauty of their colour, they are very attractive animals, and, traditionally, the most traded on the country. The traffic in Brazil has a strongly social bias, with the prevalence of hunting and trading being mostly linked with the vulnerables regions of the country, becoming a mean of survival of economically and socially weakened citizens. Because it’s an illicit activity, there is a lack of the data avaiable about the topic, especially nationwide. Therefore, the goal of this work was to realize and bibliografical and historical review, based on the data previously avaiable on the literature, about bird trafficking in Brazil. Some of the data was obtained based on others literature review works, however, it’s hard to measure the numbers precisely. Still, was observed that birds were the most received group by CETAS all around the country, with the Passeriformes order being the most wanted by the illegal trade. Ally to structural problems, like the difficulty in border surveillance, social inequality and the big struggle about the conclusive data, illegal trade is a complex environmental and socioeconomic issue that is far from being completely remedied.