Vesículas extracelulares e sistema imunológico
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Data
2020-10-02
Autores
Geraldo, Mariana Marques [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Xander, Patricia [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Vesículas extracelulares são nanopartículas secretadas por quase todas as células
presente em diferentes organismos (incluindo bactérias, fungos, protozoários,
helmintos e células de mamíferos) e têm importante papel como mediadores na
comunicação célula-célula e patógeno hospedeiro. As vesículas incluem os
exossomos, microvesículas e corpos apoptóticos, diferenciadas pelo tamanho e
composição e biogênese. Estudos mostraram a capacidade de vesículas
extracelulares em armazenar e liberar moléculas como lipídios, proteínas e ácidos
nucleicos e suas funções únicas relacionadas as células de origem como macrófagos
e linfócitos. Trabalhos recentes mostraram que essas estruturas participam de
diversos processos biológicos, da resposta imunológica, assim como no
desenvolvimento de infecções e da progressão e patogênese de doenças infecciosas.
Essas vesículas têm sido utilizadas para detecção, diagnostico e prognóstico de
diversas doenças. A proposta deste trabalho foi realizar revisão bibliográfica sobre a
estrutura das vesículas extracelulares, sua importância, sua ação no sistema
imunológico e como podem ser utilizadas para diagnóstico de doenças
negligenciadas, como a leishmaniose.
Extracellular vesicles are nanoparticles secreted by almost all cells present in different organisms (including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths and mammalian cells) and have an important role as mediators in cell-cell communication and host pathogen. Vesicles include exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, differentiated by size, composition and biogenesis. Studies have shown the ability of extracellular vesicles to store and release molecules such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids and their unique functions related to cells of origin such as macrophages and lymphocytes. Recent work presented that these structures participate in several biological processes, in the immune response, as well as in the development of infections and in the progression and pathogenesis of infectious diseases. These vesicles have been used for the detection, diagnosis and prognosis of several diseases. The purpose of this work is to perform a bibliographic review on the structure of extracellular vesicles, their importance and their action on the immune system and how they can be used for the diagnosis of neglected diseases, such as Leishmaniasis.
Extracellular vesicles are nanoparticles secreted by almost all cells present in different organisms (including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths and mammalian cells) and have an important role as mediators in cell-cell communication and host pathogen. Vesicles include exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, differentiated by size, composition and biogenesis. Studies have shown the ability of extracellular vesicles to store and release molecules such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids and their unique functions related to cells of origin such as macrophages and lymphocytes. Recent work presented that these structures participate in several biological processes, in the immune response, as well as in the development of infections and in the progression and pathogenesis of infectious diseases. These vesicles have been used for the detection, diagnosis and prognosis of several diseases. The purpose of this work is to perform a bibliographic review on the structure of extracellular vesicles, their importance and their action on the immune system and how they can be used for the diagnosis of neglected diseases, such as Leishmaniasis.