Influência de um programa de educação na qualidade de vida de indivíduos asmáticos
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Data
2020-10-05
Autores
Ventura Neto, Layssa [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Yamauchi, Liria Yuri [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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Introdução: A asma é caracterizada como uma doença inflamatória crônica que causa hiperresponsividade das vias aéreas inferiores e variável limitação de fluxo aéreo das vias respiratórias. A intervenção educativa, para o autocuidado e autonomia do paciente é um dos principais pilares do tratamento da asma, pois o contato do asmático com a informação ainda é muito escasso, dificultando ainda mais a adesão ao tratamento. Atualmente, a atenção à qualidade de vida do asmático tem sido levada cada vez mais em consideração. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de indivíduos asmáticos antes e após a realização de um programa de educação e avaliar fatores relacionados com a qualidade de vida: capacidade funcional, nível de atividade física, controle da asma. Métodos: Foram aplicados o Incremental Shuttle Walk Test, espirometria, acelerometria, teste de controle da asma (ACT), questionário de controle da asma (ACQ) e questionário Saint George da doença respiratória (SGRQ). Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 18 indivíduos com mediana de 29 anos de idade. As relações entre a qualidade de vida, controle da doença e capacidade funcional obtiveram correlação moderada, o nível de atividade física e qualidade de vida não apresentaram correlação.
Houve melhora considerável na pontuação do aspecto psicossocial do SGRQ
comparado antes e depois. Conclusão: a melhora da qualidade de vida está
correlacionada com uma melhor capacidade funcional e o maior controle da doença
controle da doença. O domínio de sintomas do SGRQ que não apresenta correlação
com a capacidade funcional do indivíduo. Não houve relação entre o nível de atividade
física e a qualidade de vida. O aspecto psicossocial do SGRQ melhorou após
participação no programa.
Introduction: Asthma is characterized as a chronic inflammatory disease that causes hyperresponsiveness of the lower airways and variable airflow limitation of the airways. Educational intervention, for patient self-care and autonomy, is one of the main pillars of asthma treatment, as the asthmatic's contact with information is still very scarce, making treatment adherence even more difficult. Currently, attention to the quality of life of asthmatics has been increasingly taken into account. Objective: To assess the quality of life of individuals with asthma before and after carrying out an education program and to evaluate factors related to quality of life: functional capacity, level of physical activity, asthma control. Methods: The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test, spirometry, accelerometry, asthma control test (ACT), asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) and Saint George's respiratory disease questionnaire (SGRQ) were applied. Results: 18 individuals with a median of 29 years old were included in the study. The relationships between quality of life, disease control and functional capacity showed a moderate correlation, the level of physical activity and quality of life did not show any correlation. There was considerable improvement in the score of the psychosocial aspect of the SGRQ compared before and after. Conclusion: the improvement in quality of life is correlated with better functional capacity and greater disease control disease control. The symptom domain of the SGRQ that does not correlate with the individual's functional capacity. There was no relationship between the level of physical activity and quality of life. The psychosocial aspect of the SGRQ improved after participating in the program.
Introduction: Asthma is characterized as a chronic inflammatory disease that causes hyperresponsiveness of the lower airways and variable airflow limitation of the airways. Educational intervention, for patient self-care and autonomy, is one of the main pillars of asthma treatment, as the asthmatic's contact with information is still very scarce, making treatment adherence even more difficult. Currently, attention to the quality of life of asthmatics has been increasingly taken into account. Objective: To assess the quality of life of individuals with asthma before and after carrying out an education program and to evaluate factors related to quality of life: functional capacity, level of physical activity, asthma control. Methods: The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test, spirometry, accelerometry, asthma control test (ACT), asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) and Saint George's respiratory disease questionnaire (SGRQ) were applied. Results: 18 individuals with a median of 29 years old were included in the study. The relationships between quality of life, disease control and functional capacity showed a moderate correlation, the level of physical activity and quality of life did not show any correlation. There was considerable improvement in the score of the psychosocial aspect of the SGRQ compared before and after. Conclusion: the improvement in quality of life is correlated with better functional capacity and greater disease control disease control. The symptom domain of the SGRQ that does not correlate with the individual's functional capacity. There was no relationship between the level of physical activity and quality of life. The psychosocial aspect of the SGRQ improved after participating in the program.
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VENTURA NETO, Layssa. Influência de um programa de educação na qualidade de vida de indivíduos asmáticos. 2020. 50 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Fisioterapia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2020.