Fatores de riscos para lesões e doenças cardiovasculares em idosos corredores de rua recreacionais
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Data
2018
Autores
Paiva, Paloma Silva [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Guerra, Ricardo Luís Fernandes [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Introdução: A prática da corrida de rua vem crescendo entre idosos os quais buscam
envelhecimento ativo, prevenção de doenças ou mesmo para competição por meio desta.
Muitos destes não possuem orientação adequada, elevando a incidência de lesões e riscos
cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Identificar e analisar a prevalência das lesões e os respectivos
fatores intervenientes de treinamento, assim como identificar se existem riscos
cardiometabólicos e possíveis associações entre essas variáveis em idosos corredores de rua
recreacionais. Métodos: Foram recrutados 60 indivíduos de ambos os gêneros corredores de
rua recreacionais da Baixada Santista (SP), no ano de 2018, com idade entre 60 e 80 anos e
tempo de pratica de no mínimo um ano. Foi utilizada uma anamnese para coleta de dados
pessoais, além de avaliações antropométricas e composição corporal, Inquérito de Morbidade
Referida (IMR) (avaliando prevalência de lesões) e questionário relativo às características de
treino. Para verificar se existe associação entre variáveis de riscos cardiovasculares e
treinamento, foi realizado o teste exato de Fisher e para comparar quem teve e não teve lesão
(questionário IMR) em relação às variáveis de treinamento, utilizou-se o teste t de Student,
sendo que em ambos os casos o nível de significância foi fixado em p≤ 0,05. Resultados: Os
voluntários apresentaram como média 64,78 ± 4,82 anos de idade, 70,02 ± 13,36 kg, 166,40 ±
8,70 cm de estatura, 25,28 ± 3,69 de IMC, 125,0 ±13,20 e 83,0 ± 6,46 de pressão arterial
sistólica e diastólica, respectivamente e, 62,62 ± 7,49bpm de frequência cardíaca de repouso,
além de 81,7% da amostra ser do gênero masculino. Como características antropométricas
obtiveram-se média da circunferência do pescoço de 37,06 ± 4,03cm, cintura 87,38 ±
11,05cm, quadril 98,59 ± 7,66cm, relação cintura/quadril 0,88 ± 0,08, e de gordura total 10,20
± 2,93%, água corporal 59,42 ± 5,21% e massa magra de 53,29 ± 9,87kg. Pelas variáveis de
treinamento obtiveram-se média de 18,03 ± 12,76 anos de treino, distância semanal 37,78 ±
23,93 km, velocidade 7,10 ±2,47 km/h, duração 66,92 ± 19,20 min., frequência semanal de
3,90 ± 1,36 dias. Das outras práticas realizadas, 74,40% fazem musculação, 14% ciclismo e
11,6% natação. Optam em correr pela saúde 55% dos participantes, entretanto apenas 53,3%
possui orientação profissional. Dos indivíduos analisados, 28,3% apresentaram sobrepeso,
30% possuem Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, 90% não são tabagistas, 46,7% consomem
álcool socialmente e 13,3% possuem Diabetes Mellitus. Apresentaram lesões em detrimento
da corrida 33,3% dos indivíduos, sendo 40% destas distensões musculares, além de 80% dos
participantes terem apresentado lesões graves. Tornozelo e pés foram os locais mais
acometidos com 35%. Das associações, entre IMC e circunferência da cintura, 75% dos
indivíduos que apresentaram risco por uma dessas variáveis, também apresentou risco para a
outra (p= 0,0001). A associação entre IMR e anos de treinamento, não foi significante
(p=0,322). Dentre as associações, destacam-se as entre a Classificação do IMC e
Classificação RCQ, e a Classificação do IMC e Classificação CC (p= 0,016 e 0,001
respectivamente). Conclusão: Corredores de rua recreacionais da Baixada Santista já
apresentaram lesões sendo 40% destas distensões musculares. Não observou-se associação
entre lesões e os fatores intervenientes (treinamento) analisados no estudo. Porém, houve
relação entre a classificação do IMC e Relação C/Q, pode-se concluir que aqueles que
possuem maiores escores no IMC, possuem maior risco cardiovascular, assim como na
associação entre IMC e CC a qual também apresentam risco, sendo desejável a orientação,
prescrição e acompanhamento por parte de profissionais da área da saúde
Introduction: The practice of street racing has been growing among the elderly, who seek active aging, disease prevention or even competition through it. Many of these do not have adequate orientation, raising the incidence of injuries and cardiovascular risks. Aim: To identify and analyze the prevalence of injuries and their intervening factors of training, and to identify if there are cardiometabolic risks and possible associations between these variables in elderly recreational street runners. Methods: Sixty individuals from both genders were recruited from recreational street runners from Baixada Santista (SP), in the year 2018, aged between 60 to 80 years old and practicing time of at least one year. An anamnesis was used to collect personal data, besides anthropometric assessments and body composition, Reported Morbidity Inquire (RMI) (evaluating prevalence of injuries) and questionnaire regarding the training characteristics. To verify if there was an association between variables of cardiovascular risk and training, Fisher's exact test was performed and to compare the IMR and training variables, the Student's t test was used, and in both cases, the level of significance was fixed at p≤0.05. Results: The volunteers presented a mean of 64.78 ± 4.82 years old, 70.02 ± 13.36 kgof body weight, 166.40 ± 8.70 cm of height, 25.28 ± 3.69 of BMI, 125.0 ± 13.20 and 83.0 ± 6.46 of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, and 62.62 ± 7.49 bpm of resting heart rate, in addition 81.7% of the participants were male. The anthropometric characteristics were: neckcircumference mean of 37.06 ± 4.03 cm, waist circumference 87.38 ± 11.05 cm, hipcircumference 98.59 ± 7.66 cm, waist-hip ratio 0.88 ± 0.08, and total fat 10.20 ± 2.93%, body water 59.42 ± 5.21% and lean mass of 53.29 ± 9.87 kg. The training variables obtained a mean of 18.03 ± 12.76 years of training, weekly distance 37.78 ± 23.93 km, speed 7.10 ± 2.47 km / h, duration 66.92 ± 19, 20 min., Weekly frequency of 3.90 ± 1.36 days. Other practices were, 74.40% of weight training, 14% cycling and 11.6% swimming. About 55% of the participants opt to run for health care, but only 53.3% have professional orientation. About 28.3% of the participants were overweight, 30% had systemic arterial hypertension, 90% were non-smokers, 46.7% consumed alcohol socially and 13.3% had diabetes mellitus. About 33.3% of the individuals presented injuries in detriment of the running, 40% of these were muscles sprain, and 80% of the participants were classified as having severe injuries. Ankle and feet were the most affected body places with 35%. The Association between BMI and waist circumference shows that 75% of individuals who have risk for one variable also have risk presented for the other (p = 0.0001). The association between IMR and years of training was not significant (p = 0.322). Among the correlations, we highlight the categories of BMI and WHR classification, and Classification of BMI and CC (p = 0.016 and 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: About 33% of the recreational street runners from the Baixada Santista have already presented injuries being 40% of these muscle strains. There were no association between injuries and the intervening factors (training) analyzed in the study. However, there was a relationship between BMI classification and WHR, it can be concluded that those with higher BMI scores have a higher cardiovascular risk, as well as in the association between BMI and CC, which also present a risk, then being desirable, orientation, prescription and follow-up by health professionals
Introduction: The practice of street racing has been growing among the elderly, who seek active aging, disease prevention or even competition through it. Many of these do not have adequate orientation, raising the incidence of injuries and cardiovascular risks. Aim: To identify and analyze the prevalence of injuries and their intervening factors of training, and to identify if there are cardiometabolic risks and possible associations between these variables in elderly recreational street runners. Methods: Sixty individuals from both genders were recruited from recreational street runners from Baixada Santista (SP), in the year 2018, aged between 60 to 80 years old and practicing time of at least one year. An anamnesis was used to collect personal data, besides anthropometric assessments and body composition, Reported Morbidity Inquire (RMI) (evaluating prevalence of injuries) and questionnaire regarding the training characteristics. To verify if there was an association between variables of cardiovascular risk and training, Fisher's exact test was performed and to compare the IMR and training variables, the Student's t test was used, and in both cases, the level of significance was fixed at p≤0.05. Results: The volunteers presented a mean of 64.78 ± 4.82 years old, 70.02 ± 13.36 kgof body weight, 166.40 ± 8.70 cm of height, 25.28 ± 3.69 of BMI, 125.0 ± 13.20 and 83.0 ± 6.46 of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, and 62.62 ± 7.49 bpm of resting heart rate, in addition 81.7% of the participants were male. The anthropometric characteristics were: neckcircumference mean of 37.06 ± 4.03 cm, waist circumference 87.38 ± 11.05 cm, hipcircumference 98.59 ± 7.66 cm, waist-hip ratio 0.88 ± 0.08, and total fat 10.20 ± 2.93%, body water 59.42 ± 5.21% and lean mass of 53.29 ± 9.87 kg. The training variables obtained a mean of 18.03 ± 12.76 years of training, weekly distance 37.78 ± 23.93 km, speed 7.10 ± 2.47 km / h, duration 66.92 ± 19, 20 min., Weekly frequency of 3.90 ± 1.36 days. Other practices were, 74.40% of weight training, 14% cycling and 11.6% swimming. About 55% of the participants opt to run for health care, but only 53.3% have professional orientation. About 28.3% of the participants were overweight, 30% had systemic arterial hypertension, 90% were non-smokers, 46.7% consumed alcohol socially and 13.3% had diabetes mellitus. About 33.3% of the individuals presented injuries in detriment of the running, 40% of these were muscles sprain, and 80% of the participants were classified as having severe injuries. Ankle and feet were the most affected body places with 35%. The Association between BMI and waist circumference shows that 75% of individuals who have risk for one variable also have risk presented for the other (p = 0.0001). The association between IMR and years of training was not significant (p = 0.322). Among the correlations, we highlight the categories of BMI and WHR classification, and Classification of BMI and CC (p = 0.016 and 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: About 33% of the recreational street runners from the Baixada Santista have already presented injuries being 40% of these muscle strains. There were no association between injuries and the intervening factors (training) analyzed in the study. However, there was a relationship between BMI classification and WHR, it can be concluded that those with higher BMI scores have a higher cardiovascular risk, as well as in the association between BMI and CC, which also present a risk, then being desirable, orientation, prescription and follow-up by health professionals
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Citação
PAIVA, Paloma Silva.Fatores de riscos para lesões e doenças cardiovasculares em idosos corredores de rua recreacionais. 2018. 46 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Fisioterapia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade (ISS), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, 2018.