Tratamento conservador versus cirúrgico nos pacientes com fratura da coluna toracolombar, tipo explosão e com exame neurológico normal
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2006
Authors
Elias, Alexandre Jose Reis [UNIFESP]
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Prandini, Mirto Nelso [UNIFESP]
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Dissertação de mestrado
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Abstract
Objetivos: Avaliar a extensa literatura vigente e analisar se os critérios radiológicos citados em vários trabalhos (cifose, acunhamento da vértebra, compressão intracanal e lesão ligamentar) podem ser utilizados para indicar a instabilidade da fratura explosão e a necessidade do tratamento cirúrgico nos pacientes sem déficit neurológico. Métodos: Fizemos pesquisas on line nas bases de dados: Medline, LILACS e na Cochrane Library. Os trabalhos de interesse deste estudo foram os que preenchiam os seguintes critérios de inclusão: Pacientes adultos, TRM da coluna no segmento toracolombar, fratura - tipo explosão de Dennis ou A3 de Magerl, fratura - nível único, não patológica ou osteoporótica e exame neurológico normal. Resultados: Foram selecionados e analisados 80 trabalhos que discutem o tratamento conservador ou cirúrgico. Identificamos dois com classe II de evidência. No primeiro trabalho o resultado funcional, após 24 meses, foi o mesmo em ambos os grupos. No segundo trabalho, os pacientes não operados tiveram maior índice de capacidade funcional através do índice de Roland e Morris. Conclusões: Independente dos parâmetros radiológicos analisados (cifose, acunhamento da vértebra, compressão intracanal e lesão ligamentar), não há evidências, nos trabalhos por nós pesquisados, de que o tratamento cirúrgico adicione benefício comparado ao tratamento conservador nos pacientes com fratura explosão da coluna toracolombar e sem defict neurológico.
Objectives: Review the current, extensive, literature on this topic in order to analyze whether the radiographic criteria mentioned in several studies (kyphosis, wegding of the vertebra, spinal canal compression, and ligament lesion) can be used to indicate instability of the burst fracture and the need for surgical treatment in patients without neurological deficit. Methods: We performed online searches of the Medline, LILACS, and Cochrane Library. Studies that were classified as being of interest were those that met the following inclusion criteria: adult patients; Dennis burst-type or Magerl A3 fracture affecting the thoracolumbar spinal segments; single level, nonpathological or osteoporotic fracture; and normal neurological examination. Results: The final selection included 80 studies that discuss conservative or surgical treatment. Identified 2 presenting Class II evidence in the comparison between conservative and surgical treatment. In the first study, at the end of the 24-month follow-up period, the functional result was the same in both groups. In the second study, the functional capacity was evaluated using of the Roland and Morris index, and the unoperated patients presented higher indices. Conclusions: Regardless of the radiographic parameters analyzed, there is no evidence, in the studies we reviewed, that surgical treatment is more beneficial than is conservative treatment in individuals with thoracolumbar burst fracture and presenting no neurological deficit. Such studies should involve patients presenting burst fractures that are radiographically characterized as stable.
Objectives: Review the current, extensive, literature on this topic in order to analyze whether the radiographic criteria mentioned in several studies (kyphosis, wegding of the vertebra, spinal canal compression, and ligament lesion) can be used to indicate instability of the burst fracture and the need for surgical treatment in patients without neurological deficit. Methods: We performed online searches of the Medline, LILACS, and Cochrane Library. Studies that were classified as being of interest were those that met the following inclusion criteria: adult patients; Dennis burst-type or Magerl A3 fracture affecting the thoracolumbar spinal segments; single level, nonpathological or osteoporotic fracture; and normal neurological examination. Results: The final selection included 80 studies that discuss conservative or surgical treatment. Identified 2 presenting Class II evidence in the comparison between conservative and surgical treatment. In the first study, at the end of the 24-month follow-up period, the functional result was the same in both groups. In the second study, the functional capacity was evaluated using of the Roland and Morris index, and the unoperated patients presented higher indices. Conclusions: Regardless of the radiographic parameters analyzed, there is no evidence, in the studies we reviewed, that surgical treatment is more beneficial than is conservative treatment in individuals with thoracolumbar burst fracture and presenting no neurological deficit. Such studies should involve patients presenting burst fractures that are radiographically characterized as stable.
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ELIAS, Alexandre Jose Reis. Tratamento conservador versus cirúrgico nos pacientes com fratura da coluna toracolombar, tipo explosão e com exame neurológico normal. 2006. 56 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2006.