Navegando por Palavras-chave "transtornos mentais"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Common mental disorders and associated factors among final-yearhealthcare students(Associação Médica Brasileira, 2014-12-01) Costa, Edméa Fontes de Oliva; Rocha, Margleice Marinho Vieira; Santos, Ana Teresa Rodrigues de Abreu; Melo, Enaldo Vieira de; Nogueira-Martins, Luiz Antonio [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Tarcisio Matos; Federal University of Sergipe Department of Medicine; University of São Paulo of Ribeirão Preto; UFBA teaching Hospital Mental Health Juvenile Service; Pedagogic assistence service; Federal University of Sergipe department of medicine; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculty of Medicine of Bahia postgraduate program in health and medicineObjective:to assess the prevalence of common mental disorder (CMD) and to identify potential associated factors among medical, dental and nursing students.Methods:a cross-sectional study conducted in a public university in Northeast Brazil with 172 undergraduate students of the last three semesters of the medicine, dentistry and nursing courses, in February 2010, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and a structured questionnaire developed by the authors. Logistic regression was performed for data analysis.Results:the prevalence of CMD was 33.7%. The courses presented no differences in CMD prevalence. The logistic regression analysis showed a strong association of the following variables with CMD: female (OR=4.34), lack of good expectation regarding the future (OR=5.83), course as not a source of pleasure (OR=7.52) and feeling emotionally tense (OR=11.23).Conclusion:the high prevalence suggests that immediate preventive measures should be implemented, such as the setting up of psycho-pedagogic support services for students, and teacher development programs.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosA importância da revisão sistemática como prova científica do diagnóstico e tratamento nos hospitais de custódia e tratamento psiquiátrico do sistema penitenciário brasileiro(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-08-30) Marchewka, Tania Maria Nava [UNIFESP]; Melnik, Tamara Melnik [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)INTRODUCTION: There is a huge number of psychiatric patients who committed crimes and were admitted in custody hospitals and psychiatric treatment (HCTPs) in Brazil. Brazilian laws garantee the right to every citizen to access health care and they also require the incorporation of the best scientific evidence in public health. Despite this, diagnosis and prescribed treatment to these individuals have not been evaluated to date. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate critically if diagnosis and treatment offered to patients who are inmates in custody hospitals (CH) are according to the best scientific evidence on mental health. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study of the inpatients of three CH in Rio de Janeiro and the Federal District. All patients who were under treatment between March 2011 and June 2012 in the Federal District and between the uears of 2012 and 2013 in Rio de Janeiro were included in this study. Data analysis comprised the medical and legal records of all inmates were evaluated by a single researcher, who evaluated the diagnostics registered, the instruments used for the diagnostic evaluation and the treatments and security measures. The best scientific evidence and guidelines on mental health published were reviewed for comparison with the data registered in the medical and legal records. RESULTS: In the study period, 109 inmates were analyzed. No validated tools for diagnostics were used. Half of the medical records (51.3%) did not present clear descriptions of the mental health cases. Most cases were diagnosed after a single personal interview and anamnesis only. Most inmates received a diagnosis of schizophrenia or substance abuse. None of the patients involved with drugs or alcohol had been submitted to toxicology dosage. CONCLUSION: Standardized protocols or tools for diagnosing mental disorders or substance use in inmates of custodial institutions of Rio de Janeiro and the Federal District are simply not used. Possibly, the treatments are not prescribed based on the best evidence either, since they were not administered after standardized tools for diagnosis, as recommended by the scientific guidelines.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Psychiatric morbidity and quality of life of primary care attenders in two cities in Brazil(Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 2014-03-01) Portugal, Flávia Batista; Campos, Mônica Rodrigues; Gonçalves, Daniel Almeida [UNIFESP]; Mari, Jair de Jesus [UNIFESP]; Gask, Linda; Bower, Peter; Dowrick, Christopher; Fortes, Sandra; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health; Fiocruz ENSP Social Sciences Department; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); King?s College Institute of Psychiatry Health Services and Population Research Department; University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre NIHR School for Primary Care Research; Community and Behavioral Sciences School of Population Primary Medical Care; Rio de Janeiro State UniversityObjective: To identify the associations among quality of life (QoL), social determinants and psychological distress in primary care in two cities in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 1,466 patients from 2009 to 2010. The statistical analysis used the t-test to compare the variables of interest to the study. Results: The prevalence of Common Mental Disorders (CMD3), severe forms of Common Mental Disorders (CMD5), anxiety and depression were 20.5%, 32%, 37% and 25.1% respectively. Thes presence of psychological distress is associated with worse QoL among the patients studied, especially those older than 40 years of age. In cases of CMD3, those with higher income and educational levels presented higher QoL in the psychical and psychological domains. For the cases of probable anxiety, those with higher educational levels presented lower scores on the physical and social relationship scores. Conclusion: Psychological distress can be associated with a worse QoL among those studied and can be influenced by socioeconomic conditions. Therefore, it is important to structure patient-centered help, which should also include patients’ social contexts.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Sintomas depressivos entre internos de medicina em uma universidade pública brasileira(Associação Médica Brasileira, 2012-02-01) Costa, Edméa Fontes de Oliva; Santana, Ygo Santos; Santos, Ana Teresa Rodrigues de Abreu; Nogueira-Martins, Luiz Antonio [UNIFESP]; Melo, Enaldo Vieira de; Andrade, Tarcísio Matos de; Universidade Federal da Bahia Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde; Universidade Federal de Sergipe; UFBA Internato de Pediatria; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UFS Departamento de Medicina; UFBA Faculdade de MedicinaOBJECTIVE: To estimate, among Medical School intern students, the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their severity, as well as associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in May 2008, with a representative sample of medical intern students (n = 84) from Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS). Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and a structured questionnaire containing informationon sociodemographic variables, teaching-learning process, and personal aspects were used. The exploratory data analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Finally, the analysis of multiple variables by logistic regression and the calculation of simple and adjusted OR swith their respective 95% confidence intervals were performed. RESULTS: The general prevalence was 40.5%, with 1.2% (95% CI: 0.0-6.5) of severe depressive symptoms; 4.8% (95% CI: 1.3-11.7) of moderate depressive symptoms; and 34.5% (95% CI: 24.5-45.7) of mild depressive symptoms. The logistic regression revealed the variables with a major impact associated with the emergence of depressive symptoms: thoughts of dropping out (OR 6.24; p = 0.002); emotional stress (OR 7.43;p = 0.0004); and average academic performance (OR 4.74; p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of depressive symptoms in the study population was associated with variables related to the teaching-learning process and personal aspects, suggesting immediate preemptive measures regarding Medical School graduation and student care are required.