Navegando por Palavras-chave "substance-related disorders"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAssessment of Sexual Dysfunction Symptoms in Female Drug Users: Standardized vs. Unstandardized Methods(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2016) Diehl, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Hussein Rassool, G.; dos Santos, Manoel Antonio; Pillon, Sandra Cristina; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether there is a difference in the identified prevalence between the assessment of symptoms of sexual dysfunction in female drug users using a standardized scale and by means of a nonstandardized set of questions about sexual dysfunctions. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with two groups of substance-dependent women using the Drug Abuse Screening Test, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data questionnaire, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence for the evaluation of the severity of dependence, and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale. Findings: In both groups, the severity of dependence and the prevalence of symptoms of sexual dysfunctions in women were similar. Conclusion: The use of standardized and nonstandardized instruments to assess sexual dysfunction symptoms is an essential resource for the provision of good-quality care to this clientele.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação multidimensional do usuário de drogas e a Escala de Gravidade de Dependência(Sociedade de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010-01-01) Kessler, Felix; Faller, Sibele; Souza-Formigoni, Maria Lucia Oliveira de [UNIFESP]; Cruz, Marcelo Santos; Brasiliano, Sílvia; Stolf, Anderson Ravy; Pechansky, Flavio; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas; UFRGS CPAD; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Instituto de Psiquiatria Programa de Estudos e Assistência ao Uso Indevido de Drogas; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)INTRODUCTION: Before initiating any treatment for substance abuse, the assessment of problems related to the consumption of those substances is of paramount importance. Considering the complexity of this evaluation, the instrument most widely used in the present days for a multidimensional approach to these patients is the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). OBJECTIVE: The present study presents a literature review, a clinical case vignette, comments on different aspects of the scale, and the discussion of topics covered in the evaluation process, and aims at providing support to health professionals in the sense of systematizing the assessment of these patients. METHOD: The literature review was conducted on MEDLINE, LILACS, and PsycINFO databases, using the keywords assessment and evaluation together with substance-related disorders and other terms presented as synonyms in the Medical Subject Headings. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There is a paucity of articles in the literature focusing on the topic, and no other instruments designed to provide a general overview of substance users (as is the case with the ASI) are available in Brazil. The use of a scale with these characteristics may be useful for the Brazilian public health system, allowing for the early identification of problems and promoting an improvement in the quality of treatment provided to these patients.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosDisparities Between Sexual Orientation, Violence & Substance Use: An Overview of the Brazilian Scenario(Wiley, 2017) Diehl, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Madruga, Clarice Sandi [UNIFESP]; Caetano, Raul [UNIFESP]; Pillon, Sandra Cristina [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]
- ItemSomente MetadadadosParaphilic Thoughts, Behaviors and Sex Addiction in a Sample of Persons Who Use Drugs: A Cross-Sectional Study(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2017) Clemente, Jales [UNIFESP]; Pillon, Sandra Cristina; Mari, Jair de Jesus [UNIFESP]; da Silva, Claudio Jeronimo [UNIFESP]; Henrique Santana, Paulo Roberto; Diehl, Alessandra [UNIFESP]Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of paraphilic thoughts/behaviors (including paraphilic disorders) with and without sexual addiction and sexual-related conditions in a sample of substance disorder patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of substance-dependent individuals who sought outpatient treatment in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Data included sociodemographic information, drug of choice, responses to questions about sexual behavior, and to the following standardized questionnaires: (a) Sexual Addiction Screening Test, and (b) Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Results: The sample comprised 134 persons who use drug, predominantly men (76.1%), 39.6% were aged between 18 and 29 years, and 54.9% were single. Most were persons who use polydrug, 73.9% were alcohol and cocaine users, 63.4% marijuana users, 81.1% tobacco users, and 5.2% steroid users. Prevalence of paraphilic thoughts/behaviors (including paraphilic disorders) with and without sexual addiction was 47%. The HPV/herpes and hepatitis B rates were 7.9% (P = 0.021) and 6.3% (P = 0.046) respectively. Paraphilic and non-paraphilic thoughts/behaviors were associated to the presence of childhood physical neglect (odds ratios [OR] = 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0 to 21.9), low educational level (OR = 7.2, 95% CI 1.4 to 36), heterosexuality (OR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.1 to 12.8) and youth (age 18 to 20 years) (OR = 5.6, 95% CI 1.4 to 11.8). Conclusions: The high prevalence of paraphilic thoughts/behaviors with or without sex addiction in persons who use drugs may be related to the experience of physical and emotional neglect during childhood and this possibility should routinely be investigated in clinical practice.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Perception of family support in dependents of alcohol and others drugs: relationship with mental disorders(Socidrogalcohol, 2013-01-01) Baptista, Makilim Nunes [UNIFESP]; Lemos, Valdir de Aquino [UNIFESP]; Carneiro, Adriana Munhoz [UNIFESP]; Morais, Paulo Rogerio [UNIFESP]; USF; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Rondonia UNIRThe present article aimed to analyze the relationships between perception of family support, levels of depression, anxiety and hopelessness in alcohol or drug dependent patients (AOD). Participated of this study 97 patients under treatment, aged between 18 and 58 years, of both genders from six private institutions for treatment of drug dependency, located in Santos - SP/Brazil. Participants responded to the Inventory of Perceived Family Support-IPSF, the Beck Depression Inventory-BDI, Beck Anxiety Inventory-BAI, Hopelessness Scale - BHS and Criteria for substance abuse or dependence at DSM-IV TR. Results indicated negative correlations between perceived family support and levels of depression, anxiety and hopelessness. Moreover, family support proved to be a conditional variable for levels of anxiety and depression. These results indicated that the perception of family support may be an important social support for the patient with AOD.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Qualidade de vida e desesperança em familiares de dependentes químicos(Universidade de São Francisco, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Psicologia, 2009-04-01) Aragão, Antonio Teulberto Mesquita [UNIFESP]; Milagres, Elizabete [UNIFESP]; Figlie, Neliana Buzi [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)To measure the quality of life and hopelessness of a group of women living in the outskirts of São Paulo attended at a center for assistance and support living with a drugs addicts in their homes. Participated in this sample, 56 women. They were individually interviewed in beginning of the treatment to investigate psychiatric disorders in the sample, according to diagnoses criteria of CID-10. The scales used on this study were interviews in order to gather demographical data; the CCEB survey; the WHOQOL-bref that measures life quality, the BHS (Beck Hopelessness Scale), that measures the level of hopelessness and a psychiatric assessment. It was noted that 39% of women presented minimal hopelessness, 44% light and 16% moderate / severe hopelessness. In Life Quality the physical domain was outstanding (x=14,45), followed by the social domain (x=13,26), the psychological domain (x=12,57) and the environmental domain (x=10,68). Concerning the psychiatric diagnosis, 23% (n=13) showed depression and 5% (n=3) showed anxiety. The majority of relatives presented satisfactory level of hopelessness. Nonetheless, the group with moderate/severe hopelessness demands attention and shows intervention need, especially when data is analyzed considerating the psychiatric diagnosis.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Religious beliefs and alcohol control policies: a Brazilian nationwide study(Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2014-03-01) Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Koenig, Harold G.; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Vallada, Homero; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) Department of Medicine; Hospital João Evangelista (HOJE); Associação Médico-Espírita Internacional; Duke University Medical Center; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Objective: The connection between lower alcohol use and religiousness has been extensively examined. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed how religion and religiousness influence public policies. The present study seeks to understand the influence of religious beliefs on attitudes toward alcohol use. Methods: A door-to-door, nationwide, multistage population-based survey was carried out. Self-reported religiousness, religious attendance, and attitudes toward use of alcohol policies (such as approval of public health interventions, attitudes about drinking and driving, and attitudes toward other alcohol problems and their harmful effects) were examined. Multiple logistic regression was used to control for confounders and to assess explanatory variables. Results: The sample was composed of 3,007 participants; 57.3% were female and mean age was 35.7 years. Religiousness was generally associated with more negative attitudes toward alcohol, such as limiting hours of sale (p < 0.01), not having alcohol available in corner shops (p < 0.01), prohibiting alcohol advertisements on TV (p < 0.01), raising the legal drinking age (p < 0.01), and raising taxes on alcohol (p < 0.05). Higher religious attendance was associated with less alcohol problems (OR: 0.61, 95%CI 0.40-0.91, p = 0.017), and self-reported religiousness was associated with less harmful effects of drinking (OR: 0.61, 95%CI 0.43-0.88, p = 0.009). Conclusions: Those with high levels of religiousness support more restrictive alcohol policies. These findings corroborate previous studies showing that religious people consume less alcohol and have fewer alcohol-related problems.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Sexual addiction in drug addicts: The impact of drug of choice and poly-addiction(Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2017) Antonio, Nelson; Diehl, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Niel, Marcelo; Pillon, Sandra; Ratto, Lilian; Pinheiro, Maria Carolina; Silveira, Dartiu [UNIFESP]; Otani, Thais Zelia; Otani, Victor; Cordeiro, Quirino; Ushida, RicardoObjective: To compare the risk of comorbid sexual addiction in a sample of individuals with a diagnosis of substance dependence, stratifying the sample by drug of choice as well as by mono versus polysubstance addiction. Method: All data were collected at Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Brazil. The study sample comprised all alcohol or drug dependents admitted to the Addiction Treatment Unit between November 2013 and August 2014. A generalized linear model with a binomial distribution was performed to compare the odds of having a Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST) score greater than 6 points in the subgroups analyzed. Results: A total of 133 participants were included in our analysis, all reporting cocaine/crack and/or alcohol as drug of choice. Polysubstance addicts had a significant higher risk of a positive screening for sexual addiction compared to monosubstance addicts, age-sex adjusted odds ratios of sexual addiction being respectively 2.72 (95CI 1.1-6.71) and 0.37 (95CI 0.15-0.91). The odds of a SAST score greater than 6 was not statistically different between the cocaine/crack and alcohol groups, respectively 0.38 (95CI 0.14-1.02) and 2.67 (95CI 0.98-7.25). We found a significant relation between stronger drug addiction and greater levels of sexual addiction in the cocaine/crack group (p=0.0012), but not in the alcohol group. Conclusion: Our study reinforces the importance of assessing sexual behavior of drug addicts in clinical practice, especially considering users of multiple substances or with severe dependence.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Sexual risk behaviors in non-injecting substance-dependent Brazilian patients(Socidrogalcohol, 2014-01-01) Diehl, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Vieira, Denise Leite [UNIFESP]; Rassool, G. Hussein; Pillon, Sandra Cristina [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Sakina Counselling Inst; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)This study seeks to evaluate sexual risk behaviors in non-injecting substance-dependent patients admitted for specialized inpatient Brazilian care. A cross-sectional study using socio-demographic and sexual behavior information, drug of choice, Short Alcohol Dependence Data, Drug Abuse Screening, and Test for Nicotine Dependence was used in 299 subjects with different levels of sexual vulnerability as measured by the number of sexual partners in the last year and the frequency of condom use with intercourse/penetration. The findings showed that approximately 39% the subjects of the high risk sexual behavior group exhibited a higher prevalence of others sexual risk behaviors, including having sex with sex workers (RP=1.96), homosexual experiences, and homosexual experiences in exchange for drugs, history of STIs (RP=1.39), HIV testing, use of the morning-after pill (RP=1.78) and induced abortion. The probability of alcohol and cocaine snorted user having high risk sexual behaviors is 2.47 and 1.66 times respectively higher than crack users. In addition, users with substantial or severe levels of problems with drugs had a probability of 3.64 times greater of high risk sexual behaviors. Identifying, preventing, and managing these high risk sexual behaviors related to alcohol and other drugs are an excellent opportunity to bolster their treatment.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Use of psychoactive substances by adolescents: current panorama(Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2013-01-01) Lopes, Gabriel M.; Nobrega, Brunno Araujo; Del Prette, Giovana; Scivoletto, Sandra; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Adolescence is a period of vulnerability to substance use disorders (SUDs). Epidemiological studies indicate that about 23% of Brazilian adolescents use drugs, with alcohol being the most widely consumed substance. The etiology of SUDs is complex, influenced by an interaction of genetic risk, individual development, environmental factors, context of use, and substance used. Clinicians should consider diagnostic criteria and be aware of behavioral changes that may indicate drug use and its consequences in various aspects of adolescent life. Identification and treatment of comorbid conditions is critical to the management of SUDs in this age group. Interventions should restrict access to drugs and facilitate prompt recognition of initial use, preventing progression to serious patterns of abuse or dependence. Intervention should be broad, including academic and occupational activities as well as social relationships and leisure, which are critical to the reestablishment of normal adolescent development.