Navegando por Palavras-chave "public policies"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)A arqueologia de uma Babel moderna: fundamentos histórico-filosóficos da Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH)(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-10-12) Miguel, Roberto Pereira [UNIFESP]; Gallian, Dante Marcello Claramonte [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: In this paper, we set out to investigate the historical and philosophical foundations of the National Policy of Humanisation (PNH) in Brazil. We are interested in not just the most striking aspects of the policy, but especially in those points that are still implicit in such a project and which lack investigation and investment. Methodology: We undertook this task by reading the documents produced by the Ministry of Health that are related to the theme of the humanisation of healthcare, and analyzing the works and articles written and published both by intellectuals directly involved in the construction of this policy and by researchers dedicated to the study of this initiative. We seek to interpret these results from the perspective of the thought of two exponents of the conservative philosophical tradition: Michael Oakeshott and Theodor Dalrymple. Results: The results show the modern philosophical foundation of PNH, of which we highlight: 1) the rationalist character of the policy, from the assumption that political and social engineering would be able to reform the world and man; 2) the historical materialism of Karl Marx, from the perception that the problematic named ?dehumanisation? is derived from the precarious conditions of the work processes; 3) its anthropological basis anchored in the notion of ?perfectibility?, which supports the idea that it is possible to manage emotions, stimulate solidarity, and produce ?new subjects? and ?new subjectivities? through the PNH. Conclusion: These elements allow us to designate PNH as Politics of Faith, according to Oakeshott, which is always susceptible to the last plans of better towers of Babel. Faith here, as opposed to the traditional religious faith, is faith in the ability of human beings to perfect themselves through their own efforts from the discovery of methods to continuously spread the power of government as an essential tool for controlling the design and improvement of individuals and groups. Like the original Babel, resentment and the hybris of the entrepreneurs are both the main engine of its construction, and the primary reason for its failure.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem na saúde da família: perfil sociodemográfico e necessidades de qualificação(Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio, 2008-06-01) Ximenes Neto, Francisco Rosemiro Guimarães; Costa, Márcio Clébio Fonseca; Rocha, José; Cunha, Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm [UNIFESP]; Universidade Estadual do Vale do Acaraú; Prefeitura Municipal de Acaraú; Secretaria Municipal da Saúde de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)An exploratory and descriptive study, conducted with 38 nursing assistants and 17 nursing technicians who worked in the Family Health Strategy (ESF), in the municipalities of Acaraú, Chaval, Coreaú, Granja, Marco and Santana do Acaraú, in the state of Ceará, from March to April of 2005. The objective was to trace the profile and qualification needs of these professionals. The profile showed that most were married women, between 31 and 40 years of age, having completed high school, receiving a minimum income, and working in the rural area. The main qualification needs they pointed out include biosafety, home care, methods and techniques of treating wounds and probes, sterilization, educational activities and receiving the patient. Most of the needs mentioned are techniques, suggesting deficiencies in professional training. The authors emphasize the importance of a permanent policy of education, to improve the qualification of this professional segment and its work in the ESF.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo(Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 2012-01-01) Campos, Valdir Ribeiro; Salgado, Rogério; Rocha, Mariela Campos; Duailibi, Sérgio [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Associação Brasileira Comunitária para Prevenção do Abuso de Drogas; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)CONTEXT: Drinking and driving has not been adequately studied in Brazil so far. OBJECTIVE: The present study presents data from the first survey on drinking and driving behavior in a Brazilian state. METHOD: One thousand seven hundred ninety-nine anonymous interviews were conducted with drivers at sobriety checkpoints in ten cities representing the ten geographic regions of the state of Minas Gerais. Of those drivers, 1,209 (67.2%) responded to a subsequent structured questionnaire and agreed to take a breathalyzer test. RESULTS: Twenty percent of the drivers were driving with blood alcohol levels over the legal limit. Logistic regression analysis, controlled by sex, was used to predict positive breathalyzer test. Drivers over the age of 31 years with an alcohol consumption frequency of at least 1-2 days per week, who were not using seat belts, showed an increased probability of positive breathalyzer test. DISCUSSION: Studies with a similar methodology conducted in sobriety checkpoints can monitor the behavior of drivers and risks in traffic, and direct public policy on drinking and driving.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEvolução do projeto centro de convivência e cooperativa no município de São Paulo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-11-29) Santos, Fernando Augusto dos [UNIFESP]; Marcolan, Joao Fernando Marcolan [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: In 1989, the municipal government of São Paulo was committed to the principles and guidelines of health and psychiatric reform. The Municipal Health Secretariat of São Paulo created support network, as well as cutting-edge equipment, in order to facilitate the inclusion of the excluded population groups from society, the possibilities of culture, leisure and health. They were designed and built Centers of Living together (“Convivência”) and Cooperatives (CECCOs). Objectives: To analyze the perception of retired professionals who worked in the Family Center and Cooperative (CECCO) in São Paulo on the evolution of assistance since its creation; analyze the factors involved in the operation of this service throughout their professional experience; analyze the inclusion and importance of this service to the mental health network in São Paulo, the Psychosocial Network in the territory and the National Policy on Mental Health and the Psychosocial Care Network. Methods: descriptive exploratory qualitative study with methodological reference the Content Analysis. Sample of retired professionals CECCOs; interview was recorded in audio based on guiding questions prepared by the researchers. Results: The CECCO brought in its wake a paradigm shift in the assistance in mental health, as with its technical and ideological innovation brought important insights on how to accommodate the difference without classifying and take the power of the subject. Conclusions: In speaking of CECCO speak of diversity, the mosaic that we can build with different pieces, but no time given for this, or special glue.