Navegando por Palavras-chave "Reproductive health"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Comportamento sexual e reprodutivo de mulheres indígenas no Alto Xingu, Mato Grosso, Brasil(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-05-26) Madeira, Sofia Pereira [UNIFESP]; Silva, Rebeca de Souza e [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5974676551613788; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8364257978330436; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Historically, due to contact with colonizing fronts and economic expansion, indigenous peoples have experienced significant population loss, feeding pessimistic forecasts that pointed their disappearance. However, many indigenous peoples in Brazil are in the process of demographic recovery, growing more than the average of the population in recent decades due to high fertility rates among women of the group. This scheme is the result of cultural norms that regulate the size of families according to strategic needs of power and occupation of territories, aiming the operation of their complex systems of social organization. For this, they resort to deliberate practices to encourage and/or limitation of births - depending on the historical, cultural, political and economic context - such as age at marriage, postpartum sexual abstinence, abortions and late practices of birth control. However, the presence and the performance of health teams subsidized by the government or by the Academy within the Alto Xingu communities - where is the target population of this study - appear to inhibit the reporting of certain traditional practices that are doomed from the perspective of brazilian society. Researchers are faced with ethical limits by displaying knowledge of the continuity of these practices, since informants refuse to accept the maintenance of certain customs, such as abortion and late practices of birth control. This apparent inconsistency between theory and practice makes us reflect on the ethical limits of researchers and health professionals in dealing with traditional peoples, in view of the embarrassment and the limitation of sexual and reproductive rights of women of these communities and also reflect on the anthropologist?s place during fieldwork.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosMethotrexate for ectopic pregnancy: when and how(Springer, 2014-09-01) Cecchino, Gustavo Nardini [UNIFESP]; Araujo Junior, Edward [UNIFESP]; Elito Junior, Julio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester of pregnancy. the dosage of beta fraction of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) and improvement of the transvaginal ultrasound allowed an earlier diagnosis and a conservative management. Currently, the use of systemic methotrexate (MTX) proved to be a great alternative with similar success rates and completely non-invasive.We searched for the most relevant articles on the use of MTX in ectopic pregnancy published between 2003 and 2013 in high-impact journals. We performed a strategic search at the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), National Institute for Health Research (NHS), International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) according to the descriptors pregnancy, ectopic and methotrexate, alone or combined.Thus, we based this review on 32 studies that were classified following the grades of recommendation and levels of evidence proposed by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Additionally, selected papers were used. Scientific evidence points to a growing trend in the choice of conservative treatment for ectopic pregnancies, whereas expectant management still lacks studies for definitive conclusions. Indeed, the well-established protocols which exhibit a greater number of studies are still based on the single-dose treatment.Considering MTX, it proved to be more effective in cases of low titers of beta-hCG and masses with a small diameter, although there is still no uniformity of these parameters. the choice largely depends on the experience of the medical team and ultimately, on the woman's reproductive desire.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prevalência e características de mulheres com aborto provocado - Favela México 70, São Vicente - São Paulo(Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva, 2012-03-01) Santos, Tássia Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Andreoni, Solange [UNIFESP]; Silva, Rebeca de Souza e [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)In Brazil, abortion is among the leading causes of maternal mortality. Research has shown that abortion is practiced clandestinely by women of all social classes, but has unequal consequences depending on social inclusion, producing risks to poor women. Although the issue has been widely explored in the past 20 years, there is a lack of data about low-income women. Thus, the present study aims to estimate the prevalence of women with induced abortion. Women from a population-based household survey in low-income sectors of São Vicente, São Paulo were recruited. Women of childbearing age from 15 to 49 years were eligible. The evaluation of the prevalence ratios for women with induced abortion was performed by using generalized linear models, with Poisson log-link function and robust variance to approximate the binomial. The most frequent variables that influenced reporting of abortion were: always accept this practice (95% CI 2.98 - 11.02), followed by not having a child born alive (95% CI 1.35 - 19.78), having two to five live births (95% CI 1.42 - 14.40 ), having 'six or more live births (95% CI 1.35 - 19.78), age at interview (95% CI 1.01 - 1.07) and income < R$ 484.97' (95% CI 1.04 - 2.96). A widespread campaign about the practice of abortion, which can raise awareness among women in favor of the cause, especially among those in low-income strata is necessary to prevent unnecessary deaths.