Navegando por Palavras-chave "Personal Autonomy"
Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Fatores associados à perda funcional em idosos residentes no município de Maceió, Alagoas(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2011-12-01) Costa e Silva, Maria do Desterro da [UNIFESP]; Guimarães, Helen Arruda [UNIFESP]; Trindade Filho, Euclides Maurício; Andreoni, Solange [UNIFESP]; Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de AlagoasOBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with functional loss in older adults living in the urban area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a population-based sample of 319 elderly individuals from the municipality of Maceió (Northeastern Brazil), in 2009. To obtain the functional impairment data the Brazilian Older Americans Resources and Services Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire was used. A descriptive analysis, the chi-square test and a regression analysis for crude prevalence ratio were used, and the significance level that was adopted was p <0.05. RESULTS: The majority of participants were females (65.8%) and the mean age was 72 years (SD = 8.83). The prevalence of moderate/severe impairment was 45.5%, and the associated factors were being 75 years old or older, having up to four years of schooling, reporting two or more chronic diseases and being single. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the elderly with functional impairment reflect inequalities and potential impacts of this population segment on the health services.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Perguntas mínimas para rastrear dependência em atividades da vida diária em idosos(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2013-06-01) Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Andreoni, Solange [UNIFESP]; Coelho-Filho, João Macedo; Lima-Costa, Maria Fernanda; Matos, Divane Leite; Rebouças, Monica; Veras, Renato Peixoto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza Faculdade de Medicina Departamento de Medicina Clínica; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Universidade Aberta da Terceira IdadeOBJECTIVE:To analyze non-redundant questions on independence in activities of daily living in the elderly, representing the spectrum of dependency.METHODS:Multicenter project with a probabilistic population sample of 5,371 elderly residents in São Paulo, SP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Fortaleza, CE and Bambui, MG in 2008. A household survey was carried out and a questionnaire with 20 activities of daily living applied for the elderly to self-assess the difficulty/need for help in performing them. The responses were analyzed according to: the prevalence of some kind of difficulty/need for help for each activities of daily living, the frequency of non-response, and the grouping of activities in factor analysis.RESULTS:The personal activities (e.g., dressing) have, on average, a low prevalence of difficulty or need for help, compared to instrumental activities (e.g., shopping), and have lower rates of non- response. In factor analysis it was possible to identify three factors grouping the activities of daily living: one relative to mobility (e.g., walking 100 m), another for personal needs (e.g., bathing) and one relative to what someone else can do for the elderly (e.g., washing clothes). The activities of daily living with the highest eigenvalues in each group were also analyzed in the light of the prevalence of reported need for help and the proportion of non response. Three activities of daily living were selected as representing the spectrum of dependency and being well understood by the elderly - getting out of bed, bathing and walking 100 m.CONCLUSIONS:With only three activities of daily living we can have a simple and reliable screening instrument capable of identifying elderly in need of help in daily life. Estimating demand for care on a daily basis is an important indicator for planning and administration of health services within the paradigm of chronic diseases and population aging.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSaúde mental e moradia: as relações que permeiam os espaços sob a ótica dos usuários dos CAPS de Santos/SP(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-06-26) Stracini, Marina Mara [UNIFESP]; Moreira, Maria Inês Badaró [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloOn the basis of the transformations occurred in the way of caring in mental health and psychosocial rehabilitation, this research aims to illustrate the housing situation as one of the permeable dimensions of individuals’ lives, which refers to the legitimacy of social relations, within the perspective of the individuals with intense mental suffering (CAPS III) in the municipality of Santos/SP. The research aims to perceive the significance of housing from the point of view of these population and to show awareness of how they appropriate their homes, as well, considering the relations which permeate the space in which they live. The present study favours the qualitative research in order to explore the social reality and the dynamism of individuals, drawing on the technique of Thematic Content Analysis for analysis on the evidence gathered trhough semi-structured interviews. The present research has been developed with 10 users, 2 users from each of the five branches of CAPS situated in Santos/Sao Paulo. Besides the characterization of the territory, the profile of these participants has been also pointed out. The analysis of the data collected was divided into three categories: Conception of Housing, Ways of Inhabiting, Appropriation of Space, and relations with the environment. This study identified how the conception of housing is related to protection, individuality, and affective memories, which contribute to one’s self construction. Although the ways of inhabiting might be varied, they are alike in several important aspects. The modes of space appropriation and relations reveal that life in freedom allows people under deep psychic suffering to rearrange and construct themselves according to the daily experiences (which demand some skill levels) essential to one’s expression of autonomy and citizenship in a perspective of life self management. However, these relations are marked by a strong ambivalence. As they provide exchanges, affection and encounters, they also highlight fragilities when people are limited to only some spaces, services, and specific individuals, not feeling they are part of a whole that flows around the city in its vast dynamics. Therefore it is concluded that even when care in freedom is available, it seems there are still some gaps that make an effective participation in the social field difficult.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Work, social support and leisure protect the elderly from functional loss: EPIDOSO Study(Revista De Saude Publica, 2011-08-01) D'Orsi, Eleonora; Xavier, Andre Junqueira; Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC); Univ Santa Catarina; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for functional capacity loss in elderly people.METHODS: Epidoso (Epidemiology of the Elderly) cohort study with elderly people living in Sao Paulo (Southeastern Brazil). A total of 326 participants in the first interview (1991-1992) who were independent or had mild dependence (one or two activities of daily living) were selected. Those who presented functional loss in the second (1994-1995) or third interviews (1998-1999) were compared to those who did not present it. The incidence of functional loss was calculated according to sociodemographic variables, life habits, cognitive status, morbidity, hospitalization, self-rated health, tooth loss, social support and leisure activities. Crude and adjusted relative risks with 95% confidence intervals were estimated through bivariate and multiple analyses with Poisson regression. The criterion for the inclusion of the variables in the model was p < 0.20 and for exclusion, p > 0.10.RESULTS: The incidence of functional loss was 17.8% (13.6;21.9). The risk factors in the final model were: age group 70-74 years RR=1.9 (0.9;3.9); age group 75-79 years RR=2.8 (1.4;5.5); age group 80 years or older RR=5.4 (3.0;9.6); score in the mini-mental state examination < 24 RR=1.8 (1.1;2.9); asthma RR=2.3 (1.3;3.9); hypertension RR=1.7 (1.1;2.6); and diabetes RR=1.7 (0.9;3.0). The protective factors were: paid work RR=0.3 (0.1;1.0);monthly relationship with friends RR=0.5 (0.3;0.8); watching TV RR=0.5 (0.3;0.9); and handcrafting RR=0.7 (0.4;1.0).CONCLUSIONS: The prevention of functional loss should include adequate control of chronic diseases, like hypertension, asthma and diabetes, as well as cognitive stimulation. Work, leisure and relationships with friends should be valued due to their protective effect.