Navegando por Palavras-chave "Experimental"

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    Avaliação dos efeitos da ligadura da base do appendix vermiformis do coelho
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2000-03-01) Bazzano, Félix Carlos Ocáriz; Souza, Virginio Cândido Tosta de [UNIFESP]; Corrêa, José Carlos [UNIFESP]; Vieira, Antônio Mauro; Ramos, Eduardo Chibeni Fernandes; Nascimento, Luis Roberto; Novo, Neil Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Yara [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculdade de Medicina de Pouso Alegre Departamento de Ciências Fisio-morfológicas
    120 female rabbits were studied, with a weight range from 2.400 to 3.100 g. with the purpose of evaluating the effect of the ligadure in the bottom of the appendix vermiformis of the rabbit and its action, from macroscopic and microscopic aspects, about this organ. The animals were, therefore, distributed in 2 groups of 60 animals called experiment and sham, and were subdivided in 3 sub-groups of 20 rabbits for each group which were called 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 24 Sh, 48 Sh and 72 Sh, that corresponded to the observation period of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Its was verified the occurrence of both, macroscopic and microscopic appendicities in all rabbits from the experiment group on the 3 studied periods, with no significant differences between the groups, but observing the evidence, in all groups, of more onward appendicities. There was no alteration in the rabbits of the sham group. In statistic valuation there was significance in the reading of the appendix end diameter, evaluated at the beginning and in the end of the observation period in each group, when comparing the groups, however, there was no statistics significance. The evaluation of the macroscopic changes about adherence, appendix collor changes, peritonitis, necrosis, perforation and the microscopic changes weren t significant on a statistics view. It follows that the obstruction in the bottom of the appendix vermifomis of the rabbit induces to both, macroscopic and microscopic acute appendicities.
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    O efeito anti-inflamatório e cicatrizante do laser de baixa intensidade na fibrogênese hepática induzida pelo modelo de ligadura do ducto biliar
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-10-06) Maehara, Maria Eduarda [UNIFESP]; Nagaoka, Márcia Regina [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3554142919645884; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0552049605125778; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    A terapêutica do laser de baixa intensidade (LLLT) tem sido extensivamente investigada como um método anti-inflamatório e cicatrizante de feridas. Estudos anteriores revelaram a eficácia do laser de baixa intensidade em órgãos viscerais, entretanto pouco se sabe sobre o seu efeito no fígado. Objetivos: Investigar os efeitos terapêuticos do laser de baixa intensidade na fibrogênese hepática em animais submetidos ao modelo experimental de ligadura do ducto biliar. Metodologia: Ratos machos adultos Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) foram anestesiados e após a laparotomia, o ducto biliar comum foi localizado, isolado e duplamente ligado. Os animais do grupo controle (Sham) passaram pelo mesmo procedimento; no entanto, não tiveram seu ducto biliar duplamente ligado. A terapêutica do laser foi realizada seguindo protocolo de aplicação com intervalos de tempo de 7 dias. A avaliação da inflamação foi feita por dosagem das atividades da aspartato-aminotransferase e alanino-aminotransferase no soro dos ratos. A fibrogênese hepática foi avaliada por análise morfométrica utilizando o microscópio AxioImager A2 (Zeiss, Alemanha) e o processador e analisador de imagem AxioVision versão 4.8 (Zeiss, Alemanha). A morte celular foi avaliada pela atividade hepática de catepsina B e caspase-3 e imuno-histoquímica da caspase-3. A regeneração hepática foi avaliada pela imunodetecção de Ki-67. Nós verificamos que a LLLT por 7 dias aumentou a liberação de glicose, mas não a depuração de BSP nos animais BDL quando comparado com o respectivo BDL controle. Pela análise morfométrica verificamos que LLLT diminuiu o conteúdo de colágeno sem alterar significativamente o conteúdo de parênquima. Interessante, pela análise em microscópio de luz polarizada foi observado que a LLLT altera o tipo de colágeno nos septos fibróticos com predominância de fibras do tipo III. Em relação a morte celular, LLLT levou ao aumento da atividade enzimática da caspase-3, sendo evidenciada pela imuno-histoquímica da caspase-3 maior marcação em hepatócitos. A atividade da catepsina B diminuiu após o tratamento com LLLT por 7 dias. Pela imuno-histoquímica para Ki-67 verificamos que LLLT aumentou a marcação principalmente em células ductulares quando comparado com o grupo BDL controle. Assim, os resultados obtidos até o momento sugerem que a LLLT possa ser alternativa terapêutica não-invasiva para controle e redução da fibrogênese, sendo necessário ainda alguns experimentos para confirmação do efeito benéfico.
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    Effects of ionizing radiation on bone neoformation: histometric study in Wistar rats tibiae
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2011-12-01) Lucatto, Susette Cavicchioli [UNIFESP]; Guilherme, Arnaldo [UNIFESP]; Dib, Luciano Lauria [UNIFESP]; Segreto, Helena Regina Comodo [UNIFESP]; Alves, Maria Teresa de Seixas [UNIFESP]; Gumieiro, Emne Hammoud [UNIFESP]; Jahn, Ricardo Schmitutz [UNIFESP]; Leite, Ronaldo Antonio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Paulista University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Stomatology
    PURPOSE: Comparing the ionizing radiation effects on bone neoformation of rats tibiae previously submitted to radiotherapy with a single dosage of 30Gy with the contralateral tibiae that have received secondary radiation. METHODS: In thirty male Wistar rats, 30 days before surgical procedure when round defects would be created on the bone, the right tibia was irradiated with 30Gy and the left tibia received a calculated secondary radiation dose of 7Gy. Sacrifices were performed after 4, 7, 14, 21, 56 and 84 postoperative days and both tibiae were removed for histological processing. RESULTS: The left tibiae that received the dose of 7Gy has shown more bone neoformation from 14th postoperative days, giving evidences of less damage to cellular population responsible by bone neoformation. On the other hand, the dose of 30Gyon right tibiae did not exhibit significant differences among the periods, suggesting damage of long-lasting or even permanent duration. CONCLUSION: Tibiae submitted to radiation dose of 30Gy have shown more damage to bone cells than tibiae that received secondary radiation dose of 7Gy, especially observed on 14th, 56th and 84th postoperative days.
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    Estudo das alterações funcionais e morfológicas pulmonares em modelo animal de pneumoperitônio
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-02-22) Brandão, Julio Cezar Mendes [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Itamar Souza de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0568989035666759; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Study of functional and morphological pulmonary alterations in an animal model of pneumoperiton. Background: Laparoscopic surgeries require pneumoperitoneum achieved by pressure-controlled insufflation of carbon dioxide into peritoneal cavity. This can change the respiratory mechanics and promotes an oxidative stress. We aimed to assess the effect of different intra-abdominal pressures (IAP) from the pneumoperitoneum in a ventilated rat model with normal lungs. Methods: The animals (n=48) were allocated randomly into 6 groups: Sham group, group without pneumoperitoneum; IAP5 mmHg; IAP8 mmHg; IAP10 mmHg; IAP12 mmHg and IAP14 mmHg. All animals were ventilated during 60 minutes with VT 5 mL/kg, PEEP 2 cmH2O, FiO2 35% and RR 60- 70 bpm. At the end of the experiment the animals were euthanatized and the lungs were removed for analysis. We performed lipid peroxidation, myeloperoxidase activity, cytokines measurements, and histopathologic analysis. Results: The Sham group was lower when compared with other groups in all analysis. TNF-alpha: IAP8 (5.73 pg/mL) was lower when compared with IAP12 (6.32 pg/mL) and IAP14 (7.56 pg/mL) (p<0.001). IAP 12 was lower when compared to IAP14 (p<0.001). IL-6: IAP8 (8.23 pg/mL) was lower when compared to IAP10 (8.91 pg/mL) (p<0.05). IAP10 was lower when compared to IAP12 (9.74 pg/mL) (p<0.01) and to IAP14 (14.57 pg/mL) (p<0.001). IAP12 was lower when compared to IAP14 (p<0.001). Lipid peroxidation: IAP8 was lower when compared to IAP10 (p<0.001), IAP10 was lower when compared to IAP12 (p<0.01). IAP12 was lower when compared to IAP14 (p<0.001). MPO activity: IAP8 (8.23 mU/mL) was lower when compared to IAP10 (8.91 mU/mL) (p<0.05). IAP10 was lower when compared to IAP12 (9.74 mU/mL) (p<0.01), and IAP12 was lower when compared to IAP14 (14.57 mU/mL) (p<0.001). Histological: The tissues from IAP8 rats exhibited low architecture alveolar damage, augment of alveolar septae and neutrophil infiltration, whereas IAP10 and IAP12 groups exhibited alteration in architecture alveolar with septal rupture edema and neutrophil infiltration and the IPA14 exhibited severe septal rupture, edema, diffuse bleeding and neutrophil infiltration. Conclusions: These data demonstrated histological growing changes according to the increase of the intraperitoneal pressure. The biochemical and inflammatory analysis demonstrated increase in the groups with higher pressure. Those findings suggest that the lower pressure protects the lungs from injury after pneumoperitoneum.
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    Modelo experimental de radiodermatite em coelhos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015) Meirelles, Rafael Panisi de Campos [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Gragnani Filho, Alfredo [UNIFESP]; Fraga, Murillo Francisco Pires; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1216552519179556; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1216552519179556; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1619822351741819; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introdução: A tolerância cutânea à radiação é o principal fator limitante da radioterapia. A escassez de estudos experimentais é imensa, principalmente em animais de médio porte, como os coelhos. Objetivo: Descrever um modelo experimental de radiodermatite em coelhos Métodos: Neste estudo foram utilizados 24 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia, machos, com 6 meses de idade, peso médio de 2,5 Kg. Os mesmos foram distribuídos em 4 grupo (n=6 para cada grupo), sendo um grupo controle (sem nenhuma intervenção) e os demais submetidos à radioterapia com sessão única de 10, 20 e 30 Gy, respectivamente. Foram realizadas análises fotográficas e histopatológicas das áreas irradiadas. Resultados: Os animais do grupo controle após 30 dias da epilação apresentaram crescimento dos fâneros regularmente. Os animais do grupo 20 Gy e 30 Gy apresentaram alopecia com duração de 60 dias e 90 dias, respectivamente. A partir do dia 30, a área irradiada dos animais do grupo 30 Gy apresentou grau 3 e 4 de radiodermatite, persistindo por 90 dias. A redução progressiva da contagem de anexos, vasos sanguíneos e um aumento da deposição de colágeno foi significante, quando comparado o grupo controle com o grupo de 30 Gy. Conclusão: A dosagem de 30 Gy é a mais eficaz para este modelo experimental de radiodermatite.
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    Proposta didática para o ensino interdisciplinar: Óptica Geométrica e Matrizes
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-07-31) Oliveira, Arthur Alves De [UNIFESP]; Sakamoto, Kelly Cristina Jorge [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    Light and its behavior have always been the subject of several studies and much discussion, until it has been concluded that light can have a wavy and corpuscular behavior (particles), which characterizes the theory of wave-particle duality. Various optical phenomena can occur from the interaction of light with matter, such as refraction, reflection, diffraction, absorption, among others. What scientists have observed is that depending on the phenomenon and the ease of better understanding, one can choose whether to explain it, using light as a wave or as a particle. For example, by the wave theory, it is possible to understand the diffraction effect that light suffers when passing through a crack (an obstruction) using the Huygens Principle, and well demonstrated by Young's double-slit experiment. Another example is when light strikes the surface of a mirror, which, in this case, can be treated as a particle and as a wave. In the situation where the size of the opening through which the light beam is propagated, it is much larger compared to the wavelength of the light used, the diffraction effect can be neglected and thus, geometric optics can be applied. In this case, ray tracing and geometry tools are used to determine the parameters that make up the optical image system, such as the distances of the object and image planes in relation to the lens position and the sizes of the object in these planes. The didactic proposal of this work explores the formation of image by an optical system, composed of one or more lenses using four different forms, utilizing the algebraic form by using the lens equation; the geometric shape through the ray tracing; in a matrix form by the application of transfer matrices and the last form with practical classes, experimentally setting up the optical system. In this way, this proposal relates geometric optics (image formation) and matrices to be an interdisciplinary teaching of Physics and Mathematics. Several authors defend the interdisciplinarity in the teaching of Mathematics and Physics, for connecting these contents and showing a real application of Mathematics. In addition, the use of practical activities interferes in the teaching of Physics, as the student can visualize and understand a content that appears, in most cases, abstract. Therefore, it is expected that teaching together both concepts can offer contextualization in class, improvements in student learning and teacher satisfaction, reaping the positive results of their work.
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    Study of blood count in the validity experimental appendicitis in rabbits
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 1999-04-01) Ramos, Eduardo Chibeni Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Vieira, Antonio Mauro [UNIFESP]; Bazzano, Félix Carlos Ocariz [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Novo, Neil Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Souza, Virgínio Cândido Tosta de [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Yara [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculty of Medicine of Pouso Alegre
    A group of thirty six rabbits was studied, with weight ranging from 2400 to 3100 grams, in order to evaluate the blood test on the validity of experimental acute appendicitis. In order to do that, the animals were distributed amony three groups of 12 rabbits each, that corresponded to observation periods of 24 hours(Group A), 48 hours(Group B) and 72 hours(Group C). The presence of macroscopic appendicitis was verified in all the rabbits of the experiment on the three studied periods. The blood test study showed statistic significance when reading the values of haemoglobin, haematocrit and monocytes in Group C; of total and segmented leucocytes, eosinophiles, limphocytes and monocytes in Group B; when the groups faced each other, however, there was no estatistic significance. So, it was concluded that the values of haemoglobin, red blood, white cells and haematocrit are not suitable markers for experimental appendicitis in rabbits.