Navegando por Palavras-chave "Damage"

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    Are food compounds able to modulate noxious activities induced by cadmium exposure?
    (Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2016) Moura, Carolina Foot Gomes de [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki [UNIFESP]
    Cadmium is one of the most toxic environmental and industrial pollutants and is able to induce severe injury because it is poorly excreted, accumulating in various organs. This common pollutant is responsible for serious damage in lung, brain, testis, kidney, liver, circulatory system, and bone. Food compounds, such as flavonoids, represent the most abundant polyphenols in human diet and comprise thousands of substances, which are freely available as high-dose dietary supplements. The mechanism of action of these ones consists in free radical scavenging and metal sequestration. The interaction of metal ions with flavonoids leads to chelation and the use of these natural compounds is better than the synthetic ones due to their lower toxic effects. The aim of this review is to describe the role of some food compounds, focusing on flavonoids for modulating noxious biological activities induced by cadmium exposure.
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    Characterization of intracranial pressure behavior in chronic epileptic animals: a preliminary study
    (Univ Estadual Oeste Parana-Unioeste, 2016) Cardim, Danilo Augusto; Frigieri, Gustavo Henrique; Troca Cabella, Brenno Caetano; Malheiros, Jackeline Moraes [UNIFESP]; Cardim, Ana Carolina; Wang, Charles Chenwei; Pacheco Andrade, Rodrigo de Albuquerque; Covolan, Luciene [UNIFESP]; Tannus, Alberto; Mascarenhas, Sergio
    Intracranial pressure (ICP) is a major neurological parameter in animals and humans. ICP is a function of the relationship between the contents of the cranium (brain parenchyma, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood) and the volume of the skull. Increased ICP can cause serious physiological effects or even death in patients who do not quickly receive proper care, which includes ICP monitoring. Epilepsies are a set of central nervous system disorders resulting from abnormal and excessive neuronal discharges, usually associated with hypersynchronism and/or hyperexcitability. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common forms of epilepsy and is also refractory to medication. ICP characteristics of subjects with epilepsy have not been elucidated because there are few studies associating these two important neurological factors. In this work, an invasive (ICPi) and the new minimally invasive (ICPmi) methods were used to evaluate ICP features in rats with chronic epilepsy, induced by the experimental model of pilocarpine, capable of generating the main features of human TLE in these animals.
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    Diphenyl diselenide attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters in ulcerative colitis: a comparison with ebselen
    (Funpec-Editora, 2016) Petronilho, Fabricia; Michels, Monique; Danielski, Lucineia G.; Goldim, Mariana Pereira; Florentino, Drielly; Vieira, Andriele; Mendonca, Mariana G.; Tournier, Moema; Piacentini, Barbara; Della Giustina, Amanda; Leffa, Daniela D.; Pereira, Gregorio W. [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Volnei D.; Teixeira Da Rocha, Joao Batista
    Objetive: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)(2) and ebselen (EB) in ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in rats. Methods: The effects of (PhSe)(2) and EB in rats submitted to DSS-induced colitis were determined by measurement of oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory response and bowel histopathological alterations. Results: Animals developed moderate to severe neutrophil infiltration in histopathology assay in DSS rats and (PhSe)(2) improved this response. Moreover, the treatment with (PhSe)(2) decreased the oxidative damage in lipids and proteins, as well as reversed the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels in rats treated with DSS. LB was able only to reverse damage in lipids and the low levels of SOD in this animal model. Conclusions: The organoselenium compounds tested demonstrated an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity reducing the colon damage, being (PhSe)(2) more effective than EB. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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    Estudo da associação entre BDNF sérico e disfunção cognitiva em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-02-07) Alessi, Helena [UNIFESP]; Barsottini, Orlando Graziani Povoas [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    Objective: To investigate serum brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a possible biomarker for cognitive dysfunction (CD) in a large systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort. Methods: We determined BDNF levels of 111 patients with SLE (48 with major neuropsychiatric manifestations, NPSLE, such as seizure, psychosis, myelitis, stroke, peripheral neuropathies, demyelinating syndrome, acute confusional state, aseptic meningitis, and central nervous system vasculitis) and 57 matched controls (CON). Data on cardiovascular comorbidities, medication use, autoantibodies profile, SLE disease activity (SLEDAI), and SLE damage index (SDI) were evaluated. All subjects underwent neuropsychological assessment for attention, verbal and visual memory, constructional praxis, processing speed, and executive functions. Anxiety (BAI) and depression (BDI) were assessed by questionnaires. CD was defined as 2 or more standard deviations below the normative value in three or more cognitive domains assessed. Clinical features and BDNF levels were evaluated by regression analyses. ROC curve analysis was used to determine the cut-off value. Results: CD was found in 46.8% of patients (34.9% of non-NPSLE and 62.5% of NPSLE cases). BDNF level was significantly lower in SLE patients (CON: 1,345.5 ng/ml ± 438.4, non-NPSLE: 800.4 ± 502.7, NPSLE: 779.7 ± 426.3, p<0.001), independently associated with SDI (B: -75.9, SE: 27.2, 95% CI: -129.8 – -22, p=0.006) and hypertension (B: -192.5, SE: 84.3, 95% CI: -359.7 – -25.3, p=0.024). There was no association between BDNF and CD. The cutoff value to differentiate patients and controls was 937.5 ng/ml, with a specificity of 67.9% and a sensitivity of 84.2%.Conclusion: SLE patients have lower levels of BDNF, independently of neuropsychiatric manifestations. BDNF is associated with SDI and hypertension, but not with CD, suggesting that it might be a biomarker for SLE- related damage rather than cognition.
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    Multi-target detection of oxidative stress biomarkers in quercetin and myricetin treated human red blood cells
    (Royal soc chemistry, 2016) Maurya, Pawan Kumar [UNIFESP]; Kumar, Prabhanshu; Nagotu, Shirisha; Chand, Subhash; Chandra, Pranjal
    Quercetin and myricetin are important dietary flavonoids with potential health benefits and interfere with reactive oxygen species metabolism. The objective of this study was multi-target spectroscopic analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and sulfhydryl (-SH) groups) in quercetin and myricetin treated red blood cells (RBCs) during human aging. The study was carried out on clinically relevant blood samples obtained from 105 healthy subjects between the ages of 18-82 years. The subjects were divided into three age groups, young (18-35 years), middle (36-60 years) and old (>60 years). Oxidative stress was induced in vitro by incubating RBCs with 10(-5) M tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). The effects of flavonoids were evaluated by detecting MDA, GSH and -SH groups by co-incubating the RBCs in the presence of flavonoid (10(-8) M to 10(-5) M final concentration) and t-BHP. The GSH/GSSG ratios were estimated to demonstrate the antioxidant power of the RBCs. The results showed elevated MDA levels (p < 0.001) after incubation with t-BHP as compared to a control. The GSH and -SH groups significantly (p < 0.001) decreased when incubated with t-BHP. In vitro administration of both flavonoids significantly attenuated the deleterious effect of oxidative stress in erythrocytes from all age groups. We showed a significant (p < 0.0001) negative correlation (r = -0.8334) between GSH/GSSG during human aging. We believe that these findings are novel and will help in the fast screening of new chemical molecules which may help against oxidative stress in RBCs, and thereby have tremendous scope in medical diagnostics and therapeutics.