Navegando por Palavras-chave "Cochlea"

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    Avaliação audiológica e monitoramento auditivo em pacientes com Hepatite C
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-12-18) Lagreca, Lorena Carvalho Cavalcanti [UNIFESP]; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson De [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3499728717437032; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8231444380250886; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease in the world and may be associated with hearing loss due to the disease or traditional treatment. Objective: To verify the occurrence of hearing impairment in patients with hepatitis C virus and the effect of antivirals, currently recommended by the Ministry of Health, on hearing. Method: The sample consisted of 27 individuals with hepatitis C virus, of both sexes and with an average age of 51 years. Individuals with conductive or mixed hearing loss and those with risk factors for hearing loss were excluded from the group. For the comparative study two groups were evaluated: the study group with 18 individuals with hepatitis C virus and a control group, composed of 18 individuals, volunteers, without hearing complaints and/or risk factors for hearing loss. For the study of the effect of drugs on hearing, the evaluation was performed in 16 patients, in two moments: before the use of direct acting antivirals and after the end of the treatment of three months. The audiological evaluation included the following procedures: anamnesis, external auditory canal inspection, pure tone audiometry, speech reception threshold, speech recognition index, acoustic immittance measures and transient and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Results: 44.4% of patients with hepatitis C virus had sensorineural hearing loss and 44.4% had cochlear dysfunction; hearing loss was superior at the higher frequencies with main occurrence of hearing loss in individuals over 40 years (44.4%) and in males (66.7%); there was low occurrence of tinnitus and vertigo; only 51.9% of patients with hepatitis C virus had transient stimulus evoked otoacoustic emissions and 11.1% had distortion product evoked otoacoustic emissions; there was an association between the results of pure tone audiometry and transient stimulus evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) in patients with hepatitis C virus: higher occurrence of emissions in individuals with normal hearing (80%) and greater absence of emissions in individuals with hearing loss (83.3%); there was an association between the results of pure tone audiometry and distortion product evoked otoacoustic emissions (DPEOAE), with a higher occurrence of hearing loss in individuals without DPEOAE; hearing loss in the study group was higher than that found in the control group; there was no statistically significant difference between pre- and post-treatment evaluation results. Conclusion: Due to the high occurrence of hearing loss in patients with hepatitis C virus, audiological evaluation is recommended, especially in patients over 40 years. The treatment proposed recently by the Ministry of Health does not cause adverse effects on hearing function.
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    Crianças prematuras: estudo da supressão das emissões otoacústicas e da resolução temporal
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011-01-26) Sousa, Elaine Colombo [UNIFESP]; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: Determine the occurrence of the suppression of otoacoustic emissions, the temporal resolution hearing skill and the association between the results of these assessments and premature birth as well as the presence of signs suggestive of an alteration in auditory processing during development, in premature, below 2000g at birth. Methods: Forty low-income children (20 having been born at full term and twenty born prematurely) between five and eight years of age were evaluated. All participants underwent patient history, audiometry, speech audiometry, measures of acoustic immittance, the study of acoustic reflexes and an assessment of the auditory processing (Simplified Auditory Processing Assessment, Speech-in-Noise Test and Random Gap Detection Test) as well as the recording of otoacoustic emissions evoked by transient stimuli and the assessment of the medial olivocochlear efferent system. Results: Suppression of otoacoustic emissions in the right ear was detected in 53% of the individuals of the control group and 56% of the experimental group and in the left ear in 85% of the control group and 79% of the experimental group. On the Random Gap Detection Test, the mean temporal acuity threshold was 21.25 ms in the control group and 44.12 ms in the experimental group. This test was altered in 35% of the control group and 85% of the experimental group. Sixty percent of the children with suppression absent in the right ear tended to exhibit central signs during development and 20% of those with suppression absent in the left ear had an altered Simplified Auditory Processing Assessment. Conclusion: Children having been born prematurely, below 2000g at birth, presented symmetry of responses of the efferent system in peripheral hearing and deficits in the temporal resolution hearing skill, which was not associated to the absence of suppression of otoacoustic emissions. The children with absent suppression achieved poorer results on the Auditory Processing Assessment.
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    Nitric oxide levels in cochlear fluids of guinea pig
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2013-05-01) Yonamine, Fernando Kaoru [UNIFESP]; Onishi, Ektor Tsuneo [UNIFESP]; Mouro, Margaret Gori [UNIFESP]; Higa, Elisa Mieko Suemitsu [UNIFESP]; Cruz, Oswaldo Laércio Mendonça [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To describe a technique to obtain guinea pigs cochlear fluids and measure nitric oxide (NO) concentration. METHODS: Six guinea pigs were used and sacrificed. The cochlear fluids collected for measurement of NO, performed by chemiluminescence (NOA 280). RESULTS: Through the chemiluminescence was possible to analyze the concentration of NO in cochlear fluids obtained. Average levels of nitric oxide from guinea pigs was 12.55 µM. CONCLUSION: It is possible to obtain nitric oxide cochlear fluids, with this technique and nitric oxide concentration measure by chemiluminescence, a quantitative and more precise method.