Navegando por Palavras-chave "Acute Renal Injury"

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    Determinação De Multielementos Por Espectrometria De Emissão Óptica Com Plasma Indutivamente Acoplado (Icp- Oes) Em Animais Com Injúria Renal Aguda Induzida Por Gentamicina
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-11-30) Silva, Regiane Marinho Da [UNIFESP]; Marumo, Maria Helena Bellini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious public health problem that strikes thousands of people around the world. AKI is characterized by an abrupt decrease in renal function, which is maintained for variable periods, resulting in the inability of the kidneys to exert their basic functions of excretion, thereby compromising the maintenance of the body's hydroelectrolytic homeostasis. During the last decades, great advances in analytical methodology have provided increasingly sensitive techniques for researching elements in man, thus allowing a new vision to be formed about the function of these elements in the human body. Much interest has been focused on the performance of these elements in serum or plasma levels in healthy and diseased organisms in order to correlate their presence and quantity with known pathologies, such as renal diseases. In the future, the use of biomarkers may be useful in the diagnosis of renal dysfunction even before the development of clinical and / or laboratory abnormalities. Animal models of AKI are fundamental for understanding the pathophysiology, development of new treatments and discovery of biomarkers. In this work, we used the AKI model induced by GM. Objective: To evaluate the potential of plasma and urinary essential elements as AKI biomarkers induced by GM. Materials and Methods: Five groups of male Wistar rats (n = 6) were used: 1- Control; 2 - induction of AKI (60 mg / kg / day) for 6 days; 3 - induction of AKI (60 mg / kg / day) for 7 days; 4 - spontaneous reversal 26 days; and 5 - spontaneous reversal 27 days after the last day of treatment. The animals were kept in metabolic cages within 24 hours for urine collection. At the time of euthanasia, kidneys and blood were collected. Renal function analysis was performed by creatinine, urea, proteinuria and Creatinine Clearance. The kidneys were removed for histopathological study. Multielement analysis was performed on the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) apparatus in serum and urine samples. Results: Based on the results obtained during the standardization period, we chose to continue the experiments only with the animals of groups G0, G7 and G27, which corresponded to the objectives of inducing AKI with spontaneous reversion. Treatment with GM did not alter the urinary flow of G7 animals (8.42 ± 0.66 mL / 24h) when compared to the G0 group (8.29 ± 0.31 mL / 24h). Serum creatinine and urea concentrations of animals in the G7 group increased (3.97 ± 0.84 mg / dL and 260.4 ± 42.30 mg / dL, respectively) when compared to the G0 (0, 60 ± 0.02 mg / dL and 40.83 ± 1.32 mg / dL, respectively). At the same time, the urinary creatinine and urea concentrations in the G7 group decreased (2.93 ± 0.44 mg / 24h and 170.5 ± 52.90 mg / 24h, respectively) when compared to G0 (7,08 ± 0.12 mg / 24h and 516.6 ± 18.2 mg / 24h, respectively). The fact that the antibiotic promoted a significant increase in the excretion of protein in the urine of group G7 animals (62.56 ± 10.88, mg / 24h) can be taken into consideration when compared with the rats of group G0 (4.92 ± 0.33, mg / 24h). Simultaneously, GM promoted a significant decrease of RFG in animals of the G7 groups (0.09 ± 0.04, mg / min) when compared to G0 group (2.01 ± 0.17, mg / min). After 20 days of treatment completion, all the parameters analyzed returned to baseline levels. The histopathological analyzes of the group G7 animals showed morphological alterations of NTA. The results indicated that mineral elements such as Al, K, Mn, Na, P and Zn may possibly be bioindicators of AKI in serum samples. Analyzes of Al, Ca and Cr concentrations indicate that these elements may be early AKI bioindicators in urine samples from rats with this pathology.
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    O Papel Do Exercício Físico Agudo E Crônico Na Lesão Renal Aguda Induzida Pela Sepse
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-08-31) Hungaro, Talita Guerreiro Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Araujo, Ronaldo De Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Hormone is a phenomenon where low levels of stress stimulate or regulate the molecular pathways positively and improve the organic capacity to withstand greater stress. This preconditioning can be achieved through different stimuli, including physical exercise. Previous work has demonstrated the preconditioning effect of physical exercise on injury or disease in different organs and systems, attenuating inflammatory responses and lung injury in endotoxemia, promoting adaptations, reducing injury and mortality during polymicrobial sepsis and preventing muscle damage in an experimental model of sepsis. Our study demonstrated that physical exercise is able to protect the kidney from nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin by reducing levels of urea and creatinine, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in serum. Although several studies address chronic physical exercise, little is known about the role of acute exercise in disease development. Objectives: To verify the role of acute and chronic physical exercise in the treadmill in the endotoxemic response in renal injury. Method: C57BL / 6 male mice of 12 weeks were divided into 6 groups: 1- Sedentary control without LPS; 2- Sedentary with LPS; 3- Acute training without LPS; 4- Acute training with LPS; 5 - Chronic training without LPS and 6 - Chronic training with LPS. In the acute training the animals perform 1 session of physical exercise of 60 minutes. In chronic training the animals exercise 5 times a week, from Monday to Friday, 60 minutes each session, for 4 weeks. The training velocity was defined as 60% of the average of the maximum velocities reached, classifying the training as moderate. LPS induction was performed 24 hours after the end of the last exercise session. The responses of inflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediators were evaluated by elisas. Renal repercussion was measured by urea concentration, as well as by histological sections. Results: The dose of LPS applied intraperitoneally was 5mg / kg, with the serum extracted concentration tests were performed for the 6 experimental groups. There was a significant increase in urea concentration in all groups that received LPS when compared to those who did not, but there was no difference between the urea concentration in the groups trained with LPS and sedentary with LPS. Protein expression of IL-1beta showed no difference between groups, TNF-alpha presented expression only in the groups with LPS but without statistical difference. For IL-10, there was a difference between the sedentary + LPS groups and chronic LPS training, and the cytokine expression decreased in the trained group, contrary to the initial hypothesis. Partial conclusions: From the results obtained so far, it can be concluded that physical exercise was not able to prevent the inflammatory response caused by LPS infection.