Downward solar global irradiance at the surface in Sao Paulo city-The climatological effects of aerosol and clouds

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dc.citation.issue1
dc.citation.volume122
dc.contributor.authorYamasoe, Márica Akemi
dc.contributor.authorRosário, Nilton Manuel Évora do [UNIFESP]
dc.contributor.authorBarros, Kátia Mendes de
dc.coverageWashington
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-31T12:46:56Z
dc.date.available2020-07-31T12:46:56Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractWe analyzed the variability of downward solar irradiance reaching the surface at Sao Paulo city, Brazil, and estimated the climatological aerosol and cloud radiative effects. Eleven years of irradiance were analyzed, from 2005 to 2015. To distinguish the aerosol from the cloud effect, the radiative transfer code LibRadtran was used to calculate downward solar irradiance. Two runs were performed, one considering only ozone and water vapor daily variability, with AOD set to zero and the second allowing the three variables to change, according to mean climatological values. The difference of the 24 h mean irradiance calculated with and without aerosol resulted in the shortwave aerosol direct radiative effect, while the difference between the measured and calculated, including the aerosol, represented the cloud effect. Results showed that, climatologically, clouds can be 4 times more effective than aerosols. The cloud shortwave radiative effect presented a maximum reduction of about - 170 W m(-2) in January and a minimum in July, of - 37 W m(-2). The aerosol direct radiative effect was maximum in spring, when the transport of smoke from the Amazon and central parts of South America is frequent toward Sao Paulo. Around mid-September, the 24 h radiative effect due to aerosol only was estimated to be - 50 W m(-2). Throughout the rest of the year, the mean aerosol effect was around -20 W m(-2) and was attributed to local urban sources. The effect of the cloud fraction on the cloud modification factor, defined as the ratio of all-sky irradiation to cloudless sky irradiation, showed dependence on the cloud height. Low clouds presented the highest impact while the presence of high clouds only almost did not affect solar transmittance, even in overcast conditions.en
dc.description.affiliationUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Ambientais Quim & Farmaceut, Diadema, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnifespInstituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
dc.description.sourceWeb of Science
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.description.sponsorshipNúcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Mudanças Climáticas (INCLINE)
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2001/08574-9
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2008/58104-8
dc.format.extent391-404
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025585
dc.identifier.citationJournal Of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres. Washington, v. 122, n. 1, p. 391-404, 2017.
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/2016JD025585
dc.identifier.issn2169-897X
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/56465
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000393877800022
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherAmer Geophysical Union
dc.relation.ispartofJournal Of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres
dc.rightsAcesso aberto
dc.titleDownward solar global irradiance at the surface in Sao Paulo city-The climatological effects of aerosol and cloudsen
dc.typeArtigo
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