Diversidade e distribuição de Hemiptera em diferentes estados sucessionais da Mata Atlântica
Data
2023-12-13
Autores
Oliveira, Matheus Marques de 
Orientadores
Püttker, Thomas
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A Mata Atlântica é considerada como um dos hotsposts de biodiversidade mundial, porém
com o aumento de atividades antropogênicas, acabou reduzindo sua área original. Junto com a
perda de mata, o processo de fragmentação acontece, e é esperado que as mudanças da biota
sigam as mudanças das vegetações durante a sucessão ecológica. Entretanto, são raros os
estudos investigando o efeito da estrutura da mata sobre a fauna entomológica local. Portanto,
o questionamento é se existe uma relação entre a quantidade e presença de insetos relacionado
ao estágio sucessional em que a floresta está. A área de estudo escolhida é o PEI-SP, trecho de
MA localizada em São Bernado do Campo, São Paulo, e consiste em uma área de floresta
preservada com diferentes idades. Foi escolhido o PEI-SP por ser um importante trecho de MA
preservada e abranger uma alta biodiversidade. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi
identificar e analisar a riqueza e abundância de Hemiptera em função da estrutura e
complexidade da mata, através de análises de PCA (Análise de Componentes Principais) e
modelos lineares. Usando pan traps em 20 pontos de amostragem com um esforço de 420 dias
armadilhas. Foram identificados 225 indivíduos de Hemiptera de 16 diferentes famílias.
Delphacidae foi a família mais predominante (50% dos indivíduos), seguida por Cicadellidae
(22,6%). As análises indicaram que a maior abundância de Hemiptera foi encontrada em pontos
de amostragem com uma vegetação menos complexa, a riqueza teve resultados similares, porém
foi possível contrastar que a análise para riqueza apresentou dados limitados. Os Hemiptera
foram mais encontrados em trechos de florestas em estágios mais iniciais de sucessão, com uma
menor complexidade estrutural de vegetação, o que pode estar associados à uma combinação
de fatores abióticos, estrutura da mata, disponibilidade de recursos e comportamento individual
das famílias encontradas na mata do PEI-SP.
The Atlantic Forest is considered one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, but with the increase of anthropogenic activities, it reduced its original area. Along with forest loss, the fragmentation process takes place, and biota changes are expected to follow vegetation changes during ecological succession. However, studies investigating the effect of forest structure on local entomological fauna are rare. Therefore, the question is whether there is a relationship between the quantity and presence of insects related to the successional stage in which the forest is. The chosen study area is PEI-SP, an extension of MA located in São Bernado do Campo, São Paulo, and consists of an area of preserved forest with different ages. PEI-SP was chosen because it is an important extension of preserved MA and encompasses high biodiversity. In this context, the objective of this work was to identify and analyze the richness and abundance of Hemiptera depending on the structure and complexity of the forest, through PCA analyzes (Principal Component Analysis) and linear models. Using pan traps at 20 sampling points with an effort of 420 trap days. 225 Hemiptera individuals from 16 different families were identified. Delphacidae was the most predominant family (50% of individuals), followed by Cicadellidae (22.6%). The analyzes indicated that the greatest abundance of Hemiptera was found in sampling points with less complex vegetation, richness had similar results, however it was possible to contrast that the analysis for richness presented limited data. Hemiptera were more found in stretches of forests in earlier stages of succession, with less structural complexity of vegetation, which may be associated with a combination of abiotic factors, forest structure, resource availability and individual behavior of families found in the forest.
The Atlantic Forest is considered one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, but with the increase of anthropogenic activities, it reduced its original area. Along with forest loss, the fragmentation process takes place, and biota changes are expected to follow vegetation changes during ecological succession. However, studies investigating the effect of forest structure on local entomological fauna are rare. Therefore, the question is whether there is a relationship between the quantity and presence of insects related to the successional stage in which the forest is. The chosen study area is PEI-SP, an extension of MA located in São Bernado do Campo, São Paulo, and consists of an area of preserved forest with different ages. PEI-SP was chosen because it is an important extension of preserved MA and encompasses high biodiversity. In this context, the objective of this work was to identify and analyze the richness and abundance of Hemiptera depending on the structure and complexity of the forest, through PCA analyzes (Principal Component Analysis) and linear models. Using pan traps at 20 sampling points with an effort of 420 trap days. 225 Hemiptera individuals from 16 different families were identified. Delphacidae was the most predominant family (50% of individuals), followed by Cicadellidae (22.6%). The analyzes indicated that the greatest abundance of Hemiptera was found in sampling points with less complex vegetation, richness had similar results, however it was possible to contrast that the analysis for richness presented limited data. Hemiptera were more found in stretches of forests in earlier stages of succession, with less structural complexity of vegetation, which may be associated with a combination of abiotic factors, forest structure, resource availability and individual behavior of families found in the forest.