Pharmacological treatment of cocaine dependence: a systematic review

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dc.contributor.authorLima, Mauricio Silva de [UNIFESP]
dc.contributor.authorSoares, Bernardo Garcia de Oliveira [UNIFESP]
dc.contributor.authorReisser, Anelise Alves Pereira
dc.contributor.authorFarrell, Michael
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Catolica Pelotas
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
dc.contributor.institutionInst Psychiat
dc.date.accessioned2018-06-15T12:47:33Z
dc.date.available2018-06-15T12:47:33Z
dc.date.issued2002-08-01
dc.description.abstractAims Cocaine dependence is a common and serious condition, associated with severe medical, psychological and social problems, including the spread of infectious diseases. This systematic review assesses critically the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for treating cocaine dependence.Methods, The literature search strategy included: electronic searches of Cochrane Library holdings, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycLIT, Biological Abstracts and LILACS; scans of reference lists of relevant articles, personal communications, conference abstracts, unpublished trials from the pharmaceutical industry and book chapters on the treatment of cocaine dependence. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on the use of antidepressants (ADs), carbamazepine (CBZ), dopamine agonists (DAs) and other drugs used in the treatment of cocaine dependence were included. The reviewers extracted data independently, and relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. Qualitative assessments were carried out using a Cochrane validated checklist. Where possible, analysis was carried out according to 'intention-to-treat' principles.Findings The search strategy generated 45 different trials. Most studied drugs were ADs (20 studies), DAs and CBZ. Data were very heterogeneous, with dropout rates within the studies between 0 and 84%. A non-significant trend favoring CBZ was found in terms of dropouts IRR 0.88; 95% Cl 0.75-1.03) and results from one trial suggest that fluoxetine patients are less likely to drop out. The main efficacy outcome reported in the studies was the presence of cocaine metabolites in the urine. No significant results were found, regardless the type of drug or dose used for all relevant outcomes assessed.Conclusions There is no current evidence supporting the clinical use of CBZ, antidepressants, dopamine agonists, disulfiram, mazindol, phenytoin, nimodipine, lithium and NeuRecover-SA in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Larger randomized investigation must be considered, while taking into account that these time-consuming efforts should be reserved for medications showing more relevant and promising evidence. Given the high dropout rate among the test population, clinicians may wish to consider adding psychotherapeutic supportive measures aimed at keeping patients in treatment programs.en
dc.description.affiliationUFPEL, Fac Med, Dept Saude Mental, Ctr Med Baseada Evidencias, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Catolica Pelotas, Mestrado SAude & Comportamento, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psiquiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationInst Psychiat, Natl Addict Ctr, London, England
dc.description.affiliationUnifespUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psiquiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.sourceWeb of Science
dc.format.extent931-949
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00209.x
dc.identifier.citationAddiction. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, v. 97, n. 8, p. 931-949, 2002.
dc.identifier.doi10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00209.x
dc.identifier.issn0965-2140
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.unifesp.br/11600/42114
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000177396000003
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofAddiction
dc.rightsAcesso restrito
dc.subjectcocaine dependenceen
dc.subjectmeta-analysisen
dc.subjectpharmacotherapyen
dc.subjectsystematic reviewen
dc.titlePharmacological treatment of cocaine dependence: a systematic reviewen
dc.typeResenha
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